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Nov 25, 2017 Asch 1951 conformity, buy essays cheap - Divorce is conformity, a growing phenomenon in all cultures ; however customs and Essay of Education laws are divided between those that favour women and those that expressly do not. Through a qualitative research project using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), this paper highlights the conformity plight of the divorced Muslim woman based on the hypothesis that some cultures handle divorce better than others. A comprehensive literature review profiles divorce in asch 1951 conformity, other cultures which also oppress women in divorce situations. Resulting themes presented in interview results and 1951 conformity the discussion which follow highlight the desperation felt by Muslim women seeking divorce and serve to asch 1951 conformity, validate the hypothesis. With the divorce rate in asch conformity, the United States at 49.5 percent, followed closely by Self-Esteem Essay, the United Kingdom at 1951 conformity, 30.8 percent (People statistics 2004) the ease of exiting a marriage for fault or no-fault is rapidly becoming a cultural phenomenon. America: The Abundant And John DowneВґs Letter Convincing Move To America? Those believing in a more Western ideology and approach to asch 1951 conformity, their relationships tend to engineering, view things more legalistically. However, for asch many cultural groups immigrating to to resolve adults., these countries, the asch cultural influence of american 19th, their country of origin and their religion create a unique situation; do individuals abandon their culture or origin and modernize or do they remain traditional ? Stodolska and asch 1951 Livengood (2006, p. 293) state religion defines an individual’s cultural and social life. America: And John DowneВґs To His Wife Move To America? This is asch 1951 conformity, especially true in the treatment of women from many cultures. In particular, the Muslim religion treats women with significantly less rights in The Abundant DowneВґs Letter Convincing to America, many social and legal issues, such as divorce. 1951? Stodolska and american century Livengood (2006, p. 293) tell us that women have severe restrictions placed upon them on 1951 conformity, issues ranging from euripedes modesty in 1951 conformity, dress, everyday behaviour and language to foods they can consume, dating and use of alcohol. Despite differences in 19th century, family organization patterns that are more liberal in the West, such as in the United States or Britain, research has documented that the Muslim community maintains the asch 1951 “collectivist and family-centred relationships over successive generations” (Abu-Laban & Abu-Laban, 1999 as cited by children to resolve conflicts surrounding adults., Stodolska & Livengood 2006, p. 296). This paper will examine the effect of the conformity Muslim culture on tragedy, divorce by asch conformity, studying the impact of the on Philosophies of Education Muslim culture on asch 1951, seven divorced women who immigrated to of Education, Britain. Asch 1951? Given the hypothesis that some countries handle divorce better than others, we seek to examine the Essay of Education role of culture on the decisions these women made, the 1951 conformity support they received or did not receive from family and the psychological impact to american imperialism century, themselves and their children that their culturally determined matrimonial course had upon them. Following a series of operational definitions and exclusions, this paper will present a comprehensive literature review. The methodology, results and a discussion of the research project will also be presented with an asch 1951 conformity emphasis on the phenomenological basis of the study. In order to maintain a constant level of understanding of divorce, culture, enculturation and Self-Esteem and Social Essay the many issues facing women, operational definitions are provided. Marriage - the state of asch 1951, being united to of the Principle of Universal, a person of the opposite sex as husband or wife in a legal, consensual and asch 1951 contractual relationship recognized and sanctioned and dissolvable only by America: and John DowneВґs Letter her to to America, law (Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of Law n.d.) Divorce - a legal dissolution of the 1951 conformity marital relationship that alters social and cultural obligations of both parties to each other (Rangarao & Sekhar 2002, p. 541). Talaq - verbal pronouncement by on Reflections of Education, a husband to conformity, indicate he wishes a divorce . This can be by a direct statement “I divorce you” or by packing his wife’s belongings and ordering her out Self-Esteem and Social Essay, of the house. While this paper will examine the role of asch 1951 conformity, cultural attitudes towards women and gender-based matrimonial customs, focusing on children to resolve from surrounding, divorce, there are several topics explicitly excluded. Issues related to psychological repercussions children experience due to asch 1951 conformity, divorce are considered beyond the imperialism 19th century scope of this paper. Additionally, issues relating to the male experience upon immigrating to asch 1951, a Western/more liberal country are considered beyond the euripedes tragedy scope of 1951, this paper as are issues dealing specifically with women’s recovery from american imperialism century divorce. The choice of methodology for asch 1951 conformity this project was two-fold based on design and participant selection. Essay On Reflections? This section of the conformity paper will highlight the choice of design, participants, materials and the procedure used in America: The Abundant and John DowneВґs Letter to His Convincing to America, the study. This project was designed using a qualitative approach employing Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) which seeks to understand living experiences and 1951 conformity the meaning that individuals place on 1951, those experiences (What is asch 1951 conformity, IPA? 2007). It is american imperialism 19th, important to asch conformity, note that IPA does not test a hypothesis but relies on Essay of Education, participants being experts in their field (Flowers 2007). 1951? In accordance with IPA guidelines (What is american imperialism 19th century, IPA? 2007), research for conformity this study was conducted using semi-structured interviews which were taped, transcribed and “subjected to detailed qualitative analysis” in order to engineering byzantines, elicit themes, which also lends itself to hermeneutics . Also used were Weed’s (2005) suggestions for asch 1951 conformity the interpretive synthesis interview data. Inclusion criteria for participants included several requirements: 1) each woman had to be Muslim; 2) each woman had to be first generation immigrants; 3) each woman had to be divorced. The Abundant And John Wife Convincing Her To Move? As a result, participants were seven divorced females between the ages of 29 and 1951 conformity 60 year of age. Each woman was of engineering, Muslim religious affiliation, from an Asian country other than Britain who then immigrated to asch conformity, Britain while maintaining their Muslim affiliation, culture and heritage but who all decided that divorce was the only option for engineering an empire byzantines them in 1951, relation to their marital relationship. Materials used for the research study included a printed handout of the engineering an empire byzantines questions for the researcher to asch, assure the America: The Abundant and John DowneВґs to His Wife to America same questions were asked in the same order and in the same fashion to each participant to prevent researcher bias. 1951 Conformity? Similarly, a tape recorder was used for each interview. Following the initial selection of participants, appointments for face-to-face interviewers were setup between the learn to resolve conflicts from surrounding adults. researcher and 1951 each participant. Each participant was informed of the Self-Esteem and Social Media Essay purpose of the research study and participant permission was obtained prior to each interview for taping. 1951 Conformity? Interviews were subsequent transcribed and in all cases transcribed into English from the native language used. American 19th? Following the transcription, in accordance with IPA methodology, exploratory codes and 1951 themes were identified. Each participant was assured anonymity would be maintained. Following the IPA design schema, participants engaged in a 30-minute interview consisting of eight open-ended questions. How old are you? What is your background and children learn conflicts from nationality? What is your occupation? Tell me about your experience of asch, your divorce . How long did it take you to american imperialism 19th, make your decision? How much support did you have from your family and friend? How the children affected your decision? How was your financial situation when you got divorced? The design varied slightly from classic IPA structure. According to Finlay (n.d.) researchers are to ask the most salient, open-ended question relating to asch, the topic first. In this case background information was obtained before delving into the issue of to resolve conflicts surrounding, divorce. It was believed that, given the asch 1951 sensitive, emotional and highly personal nature of the subject matter and the lack of this researcher’s prior personal knowledge or experience with each participant, several background questions might benefit the participants by of Education, providing an asch 1951 opportunity to ease into Self-Esteem and Social Essay the topic. Interviews were conducted in 1951, a friendly home environment. A comprehensive literature review was conducted on the cultural effects on women and divorce with a primary focus on those cultures that are contrary to the Western philosophy of full rights under the law and society for from surrounding adults. women. This section highlights both the methodology used to asch 1951, carry out the literature review and America: and John to His Wife Convincing Move the resulting epistemology . Procedures/methodology for literature review. A search of the literature was conducted in 1951 conformity, two steps. Of The Of Universal Jurisdiction Essay? Initially, a search of the Highbeam and Infotrac online article databases was conducted to identify those articles of interest dealing with cultural effects on women and conformity divorce . And John Letter To His Her To To America? Search strings used include: “women, divorce, culture,” “culture, divorce, women,” “ culture divorce ,” “divorce, women,” and once the interviews were conducted, the search string “divorce, Muslim” was used. 1951? From the hits obtained, abstracts were reviewed to assess appropriateness. On Reflections On Philosophies Of Education? Inclusion criteria included articles that were written in English, articles that were not greater than fifteen years old, articles that dealt with divorce or marriage customs in light of a specific cultural view on asch conformity, women, appeared in asch conformity, pear-reviewed journals. Conformity? From a review of the Essay on Reflections abstracts, relevant peer-reviewed journal articles that were felt to asch 1951, contribute to the comprehensive nature of the literature review were selected and articles themselves were retrieved for 1951 conformity review and inclusion. Other cultures experience divorce and matrimonial issues differently and many are more accepting of the more modern female role in society. However, this can be viewed in both context of religion and society during the modernization of the country itself. For example, Leneman (1996) discusses divorce in asch conformity, eighteenth and early-nineteenth century Scotland. An Empire Byzantines? Guildford (1998) discusses divorce in 1951, Canada in the early 1900s and Ensor (2003) discusses marriage and Essay on Philosophies divorce in the United States among the Omaha Indian tribe during the asch 1951 late 1800s. Of The Of Universal? Other researchers have studied more current matrimonial and divorce in asch 1951 conformity, other cultures including Japan, China, Pakistan and America: The Abundant DowneВґs Wife Convincing her to Move other countries which have a heavy Muslim influence and/or majority population. Leneman (1996, p. 465) looked to the different religious and 1951 legal means for divorce in children conflicts surrounding adults., early Scotland. Given Scotland’s English history, it is asch 1951, important to note at the onset that English law at children learn from adults., the time only asch conformity, allowed divorce through a private act of Parliament (Leneman 1996, p.465). Scotland had Protestant and Catholic religious constraints. The Protestant ethic, adopted by learn to resolve conflicts, most of the modernized countries, stressed the biblical and asch conformity Calvinistic view “A man many hold the primacy in other things, but in Embodiment Principle of Universal Jurisdiction, bed he and his wife are equal” (Calvin cited in Leneman 1996, p.465). Especially for conformity adultery, Scottish divorce equated the divorce to spousal death (Leneman 1996, p. American Imperialism? 465). While Wales was considered English, Scotland retained their Protestant divorce ethics, however, Leneman (1996, p. 466) states that despite the Protestant divorce mentality, the conformity rate of Essay, divorce in 1951 conformity, Scotland remained low. Byzantines? Protestant ideology provided for conformity a shift in morals allowing for american 19th century separation and asch conformity divorce as acceptable solutions for marital strife (Leneman 1996, p. 466). Euripedes Tragedy? In one Scottish burgh, Neuchatel, women were found to asch 1951, have initiated the euripedes tragedy majority of asch conformity, divorce proceedings in the 1700s, citing adultery, desertion, cruelty and incompatibility (Leneman, 1996, p. 469). Similar to other areas, and perhaps maternal instinct rather than implicitly cultural, children were seen as an euripedes tragedy overriding reason to 1951 conformity, stay married (Leneman, 1996, p. 469). Ultimately, adultery was the most frequently cited cause of divorce, but Leneman (1996, p. 475) states this might have something to do with the times and 1951 conformity frequent wars leading men away from asch conformity their homes and women without marital companionship. Guildford (1998) reviewed current literature on divorce in Canada during the early 1900s as modernization took place during the country’s industrial revolution. This was also strongly impacted by the influx of immigrants from around the world, similar to on Reflections of Education, that which the United States was experiencing at asch 1951 conformity, the time. Self-Esteem And Social Essay? Guildford (1998) states that Canadian men and asch 1951 conformity women in the early 1900s commonly utilized the euripedes law as well as informal arrangements to asch 1951 conformity, end marriages and frequently begin new relationships. Interestingly, Guildford (1998) found that professional women still retained a subordinate status to both their male professional peers and other males and were forced to place their careers in The Abundant and John Letter to His Wife to America, subordinate positions to the needs of their family and asch 1951 childrearing. Guildford comments, however, on the differing regional differences relative to and Social Media Essay, marriage and asch 1951 conformity divorce customs during the american imperialism century time, and asch 1951 conformity states that rural Ontario was a good example of the clash between rural and urban areas that can demonstrate the asch conformity regional diversity experienced by a single country. Guildford (1998) believes that regional diversity can significantly skew the results of 1951, a nationalistic view; primarily of 1951 conformity, importance to Canada given the French and asch 1951 English Canadian women’s history. Ensor (2003, p. 3) states that in to resolve conflicts surrounding, the Omaha tribe, women were responsible for activities consistent with cultivating, whether that be childbearing and asch 1951 conformity rearing, education, gardening, making clothes, collecting firewood or cooking. Euripedes? Fathers arranged marriages for their children that usually involved parental sanctions for both parties (Ensor 2003, p. 3). In the Omaha tradition, marriages were more than a joining of 1951 conformity, individuals; they were seen as a linking of two groups of Self-Esteem and Social Essay, people . Asch Conformity? Of interest is the on Philosophies nature of divorce , such that children belong to asch 1951, the husband’s family following a patriarchal line which states that children stay with the father or father’s clan whether a mother remains with them or not following divorce (Ensor 2003, p.11). This was also the custom in The Abundant and John DowneВґs Letter to His Wife Convincing her to Move to America, the case of asch, widowhood (Ensor 2003, p. 11). American? Even if a divorced woman remarried, her children from a first marriage stayed with their biological father (Ensor 2003, p. Asch 1951? 12). Ensor (2003, p. 12) cites the on Reflections on Philosophies of Education situation where a remarried mother brought her new husband to asch conformity, live with her prior husband and children just to be near them and Letter to His Convincing maintain her maternal influence on asch 1951 conformity, her children. Ghosheh and Czejdo (1993, p. Essay On Reflections On Philosophies? 36) discuss marriage and divorce in asch 1951 conformity, Pakistan, where, in the male dominated society, women must adhere to byzantines, social norms despite their level of education and/or professional status. Arranged marriages are still considered the normal way of marrying in Pakistan, including looking favourably on marriages between first cousins (Ghosheh and asch Czejdo 1993, p. 37). Ghosheh and Czejdo (1993, p. 36) state that the Pakistani’s take special pride in their arranged marriages and Essay on Philosophies of Education the low divorce rates they experience, commenting that the most frequent problem married couples experience is familial interference in their lives. Marriage in Pakistan is not seen as a romantic joining of two souls, it is asch conformity, considered a “partnership and a duty” (Ghosheh & Czejdo 1993, p. 36). Those Pakistani’s who divorce are harshly stigmatized and the families of each marital partner, particularly the woman, are stigmatized as well; therefore families often intervene when there is marital discord and asch 1951 conformity strongly urge women to be tolerant of their husbands (Ghosheh & Czejdo 1993, p. Asch 1951 Conformity? 36). Modo (2002, p. 378) discusses the an empire role of the asch 1951 Basotho culture on Essay, marriage and divorce emphasizing the 1951 conformity role of the patriarchal lineage as an and Social Media act of asch 1951 conformity, incorporation of the learn conflicts bride’s genetics into the husband’s line. Women are considered married to the husband’s lineage and household rather than to the individual man she legally married (Modo 2002, p. Asch Conformity? 380). Divorce is seriously frowned upon and tribal chiefs “will use all their influence to America: and John Letter Wife Convincing her to Move, bring the asch parties together” (Modo 2002, p. 380). Despite the euripedes tragedy intensity of problems, lineage members will intervene and conformity settle problems within a marriage in order to keep the lineage and the women’s role in it secure (Modo 2002, p. 382). Of interest, however, are the wife’s rights to american imperialism, live in conformity, her marital home even if her x-husband takes another wife; they have to build a new home and imperialism century reside elsewhere (Modo 2002, p. Asch 1951? 380). Unfortunately, the role of Self-Esteem and Social Media Essay, women is still subservient to the male and problems that women endure are frequently “swept under the rug” (Modo 2002, p. 381). Asch 1951? For example, Modo (2002, p. 382) comments adultery is not a cause for divorce unless it is 1951 conformity, considered “frequent and scandalous.” Mayer and Zianian (2002, p. 297) comment on the increased rate of asch 1951, suicide in relation to Essay on Philosophies of Education, the increase in the divorce rate in asch, India, which is in contrast to traditional suicide rates being higher among non-married individuals. Researchers predicted that suicide rates for The Abundant to His Convincing her to Move divorced females would be higher than for divorced men due to cultural stigmas attached to divorce for women (Mayer & Zianian 2002, p. 298). Researchers reviewed official suicide records from the India National Crime Records Bureau who began to classify victims by marital status in 1995 (Mayer & Zianian 2002, p. 299). Research determined that suicide for conformity divorced males was higher than for females in american imperialism century, all marital categories other than single (Mayer and asch Zianian 2002, p. 299). Among divorced suicides however, divorced females have a higher suicide rate than married women and engineering postulate the rate is 1951, influenced by american 19th century, the effects of modernization (Mayer & Zianian 2002, p. 299). Asch 1951? Researchers noted that for both males and Media Essay females, the rate of suicide was higher among divorced or separated individuals compared to asch, those who are engaged or legally married Mayer & Zianian 2002, p. 301). On Reflections On Philosophies Of Education? Of special interest to the researchers was the lower incidence of asch 1951, suicide among widowed females despite their stigmatized and lower status among the 19th Indian population (Mayer & Zianian 2002, p. 302). Asch 1951 Conformity? Widows are not free to remarry, are considered “messengers of asch 1951 conformity, bad luck,” are often unable to find work due to asch, their widowed status and suffer tremendous psychological hardships as a consequence (Mayer & Zianian 2002, p. 302). India is still a patriarchal society where arranged marriages are the rule rather than exception; considerable family influence is to resolve surrounding adults., seen when divorce is a likelihood (Mayer & Zianian 2002, p. 302). Statistically, divorced men in asch conformity, India are 20 times more likely to commit suicide than their married peers whereas females are 11 times more likely to Embodiment of the of Universal Essay, commit suicide as a divorced woman compared to married females (Mayer & Zianian 2002, p. 302-303). This is particularly interesting when one finds the freedom divorced men have to asch 1951 conformity, remarry, have greater employment opportunities than divorced females and Essay greater rights for property accumulation, including a claim for financial support from conformity their children as they age (Mayer & Zianian 2002, p. Tragedy? 302). In Africa, Kevane (2002 p. Asch 1951? 28) states that marriage is about transferring rights to american imperialism, her husband rather than a “voluntary entry into contract to create a household” and asch 1951 a ceasing of their own activities. In an editorial in asch 1951, Sister Namibia magazine (Landmark judgment for women’s property rights in asch, Zambia 2006, p. 39), it was stated that in a customary marriage that is Principle Jurisdiction, culturally based rather than legally based, women are not in a position to 1951 conformity, demand anything - property or support and in and John DowneВґs to His Wife Move, fact, may have things taken away from them in the divorce process. 1951? In a recent 2006 judgment, however, a magistrate in Principle Jurisdiction Essay, Zambia ruled in 1951 conformity, favour of a property settlement for imperialism 19th century the wife, stating “the parties should be put in equal position to avoid any one of them falling into destitution” (Chanda cited by Landmark judgment for women’s property rights in 1951 conformity, Zambia 2006, p. 39). Bullough and Ruan (1994, p. 384) studied the marital and imperialism 19th century divorce rights of asch 1951 conformity, contemporary China following the marriage law enacted on April 13, 1950 which gave equal rights to both males and females and outlawed bigamy, child betrothals, dowries and emphasized freedom of choice. They found that although the law was passed legislatively, implementing it into engineering byzantines the Chinese culture was a different situation and met with resistance from traditional Chinese ideology (Bullough & Ruan 1994, p. Asch? 385). In China, over 70 percent of divorces are brought to an empire byzantines, the divorce magistrate , yet the divorce rate in China is still only 10 percent (World Journal March 27, 1990 cited by Bullough & Ruan, 1994, p. 385). Although the western ideology for asch conformity divorce has been enacted in China, the more traditional cultural stigmas still exist, for euripedes example, Bullough & Ruan (1994, p. 386) cite the story of 1951, a man separated from his wife for 18 years and american imperialism still claims himself to asch 1951, be married for political reasons as a divorce would have hurt both of tragedy, their careers. Divorce in conformity, Hong Kong was studied by Kung et al. (2004, p. 33) who state that divorce is on Reflections on Philosophies of Education, rare in 1951 conformity, Hong Kong due to and Social Media Essay, cultural reasons, although they stated that Hong Kong is 1951, a place where modernization and tradition meet. They found women are more financially disadvantaged after divorce and this situation is Self-Esteem Essay, often exacerbated by being the asch custodial parent (Kung et al. 2004, p. Euripedes Tragedy? 34). According to researchers (Kung et al. 2004, p. 34) in asch 1951, Chinese tradition, marriage is engineering an empire byzantines, not about joining two people in asch conformity, love, it is joining two families; family has a tremendous amount of influence in the country and state. American? In ancient China, there was no word for asch 1951 divorce; instead the phrase “ousting the wife” was used (Kung et al. 2004, p. Of The Jurisdiction? 35) which reinforces the male dominant role in society. 1951 Conformity? Although Hong Kong is 1951, modernizing, divorced females still carry a stigma and have more to asch 1951 conformity, lose than a man; in fact, researchers found that 35% of imperialism, men questioned would not marry a divorced woman (Kung et al. 1951? 2004, p. Byzantines? 37). 1951 Conformity? Still in China, families lose face when a daughter divorces and divorced women are often asked by immediate family members to hide the fact they are divorced (Kung et al. 2004, p. 40). One mother threatened to conformity, commit suicide if her daughter divorced (Kung et al. 2004, p. 1951 Conformity? 41). In other cultures, male dominance is so extreme, as in Sri Lanka, that medical students are reported to justify spousal abuse and wife beating, believing a woman benefits from the beating and that they actually brought the beating on themselves (Haj-Yahia & de Zoysa 2007, p. 26). Researchers also found that the same medical students were opposed to divorce as a solution to domestic violence and are similarly opposed to euripedes tragedy, punishing a husband for asch 1951 the abuse inflicted (Haj-Yahia & De Zoysa 2007, p. Engineering An Empire Byzantines? 26). According to conformity, Simpson (1997, p. 731), divorce in contemporary Britain is a process of reallocating finances, emotions, people and other resources. In contemporary Britain, marriage is looked upon as an act sanctioned by law and of the of Universal Jurisdiction therefore is asch, considered reversible (Simpson 1997, p. 733). Children Learn Conflicts From Surrounding Adults.? Britain, therefore, takes a legalistic view of 1951, divorce and emphasizes typical Western concepts, such as the Self-Esteem Essay Child Support Act of asch 1951, 1991 to preserve the engineering an empire well-being of the 1951 conformity child as well as to drive home the Embodiment of Universal notion that parenting is asch conformity, a life-long activity (Simpson 1997. Self-Esteem And Social Media Essay? P. 732). Jones et al. Conformity? (1994, p. 395) discussed the engineering an empire rate of asch 1951 conformity, divorce in of Universal Jurisdiction, West Java, which had the highest divorce rate in the world during the 1950s and asch 1951 1960s. Although the and Social Essay country went through a radical change over asch conformity the last five decades towards modernization and education, the divorce rate continued to decline from the learn from adults. national high; by asch conformity, the mid 1980s the West Java divorce rate had declined to only 20 percent of the divorce rate in imperialism 19th century, the United States (Jones et al. 1994, p. 396). While Java is predominantly Muslim, where a man can easily divorce his wife but not so a wife divorcing her husband, recent requirements include counselling for the couple prior to asch, officially registering a divorce. Although a wife cannot formally request a divorce in Embodiment Principle of Universal Essay, West Java, per the Muslim culture, Jones et al. (1994, p. 397) state that women have ways of asch 1951 conformity, persuading their husbands, such as tricking their husbands into on Reflections on Philosophies of Education pronouncing the talak three times. Asch 1951 Conformity? Although Muslim, Jones et al. Self-Esteem And Social Essay? (1994, p. 397) relate that there is no stigma attached to divorce; the key objective for families was to marry their daughters off early to prevent the familial disgrace. If a young bride did not like her husband in the familial arranged marriage, she could refuse to consummate the asch 1951 conformity marriage and this would also lead to divorce. And Social Essay? Contrary to 1951, the thoughts that modernization and education would lead to more divorce , Jones et al. Euripedes? demonstrated that more divorces were cited among rural rather than urban couples. Asch 1951? These changes have led, however, to an increased age for women in and John DowneВґs Letter to His Wife, marriage and the refusal of young girls to marry chosen husbands that they do not wish to marry (Jones et al. Asch Conformity? 1994, p. Learn Surrounding? 399). The appendix provides complete interview transcripts along with explanatory codes and themes, consistent with IPA format (Weed 2005, Finlay n.d.; and What is IPA? 2007). Results evidenced five common themes with respect to the effect of asch 1951 conformity, Muslim culture on the psychological effects of on Philosophies, women: depression and suicide attempts, delaying the decision until she felt a sense of desperation, low-self esteem, family withdrawal/family shame and spousal abuse/domestic violence. Depression and suicide attempts were the first theme identified among the majority of the interviews. Participants stressed that depression became a constant psychological companion, however, in 1951, addition to children conflicts, the generalized depression they felt at their own unhappiness, their potential familial isolation, shame and guilt, suicide for many was the asch 1951 only way out. Participant One stated: “I tried to to resolve surrounding, suicide twice” (transcript lines 34-35). Conformity? Similarly, participant three stated: “I did not tell my family that my husband had another wife and children. I did not tell them that he is abusing me physically until I took overdose and went hospital” (transcript lines 155-160). Participant four stated: “I was feeling very lonely, down, and euripedes tragedy hopeless I got depressed and did not know what to do” (Appendix, transcript lines 470-473). Participant five commented: “Even then I became very depressed but I did not see the asch conformity support that I want from euripedes tragedy him as a husband not because he did not want but I think because he did not know how to give me the emotional support that I needed at 1951 conformity, the time” (Appendix, transcript lines 670-677). Divorce for many women is the final step when their own situation is desperate, yet many delay the engineering an empire decision until their own situation is intolerable. Participant two stated: “I have stayed with him for 5 years then I became sure that he is not the conformity right one for on Reflections on Philosophies of Education me” (Appendix, transcript lines 186-189). Participant three stated: “I took my decision after 28 years of asch conformity, my marriage; it just took me to long to decide to leave” (Appendix, transcript lines 329-332). And Social? Participant four commented: “It took me more than five years to decided to get divorce and to be sure that is the right decision for me. Asch 1951 Conformity? For the last five years I have been thinking about it very seriously and american imperialism 19th I tried my best not to asch 1951 conformity, go for divorce but I did feel is not fare on Self-Esteem Essay, me to live with some one that I do not want or love” (Appendix, transcript lines 500-509). Participant five stated: “It took me about 16 years to make my decision of divorce although I lived in asch, this country for that long but still the way I brought up like having too much respect for others and Essay not to be myself made me freeze and 1951 conformity not to do anything about imperialism 19th century, it I was thinking of others first rather than thinking of asch, myself” (Appendix, transcript lines 581-591). Participant six commented: “I do not know it took me ages, abut 8 to 9 years” (Appendix, transcript lines 833-834). Only participant seven acted with speed following much research and contemplation, taking only from, six months; stating: “When I left my daughter was 2.5 years old, after weeks of asch, reading about the effects of divorce on on Philosophies, children I came to the conclusion that if I leave when she’s under 3 years of 1951, age it will have minimal emotional effect on her” (Appendix, transcript lines 1034-1041). For women living in and John her to Move to America, a male dominant culture, their subordinate role and position in society frequently creates a sense of low self-esteem. Asch 1951? With the Embodiment of the of Universal exception of participant seven who had no reported self-esteem problems, and asch conformity had the most professional position in the job market as an IT consultant whereas the children learn to resolve adults. others were either in low-paying jobs or housewives, the situations participants one through six presented evidenced low-self esteem. Participant one stated: “I am not his partner but I was like a robot working hard in the house looking after him and my children” (Appendix, transcript lines 18-22). 1951 Conformity? Participant two stated “I was not very confident of myself” (Appendix, transcript lines 171-172). Self-Esteem And Social? Participant three stated: “he never used to pay any attention to what I was telling him the asch 1951 conformity other reason for to think about divorce was he used to Essay on Philosophies, cheat me with my friend and other family friends. 1951 Conformity? He even used try for my best friend as well and byzantines when they used to come to tell me about him I used to feel very bad of asch 1951, him and myself” (Appendix, transcript lines 286-296). Embodiment Principle Of Universal Essay? Participant four stated she had tried to 1951, improve herself but eventually gave up because coping with her husband was not worth is: “I tried to go out and do some study but he was always complaining about it, most of the time I used to give up the study because he was just moaning bout it” (Appendix, transcript lines 491-496). 1951 Conformity? Participant five commented: “My family knew that he is not the asch conformity right person for conformity me but I never complained about asch conformity, him although I was feeling I am missing a lot in my life” (Appendix, transcript lines 643-648) and “…but still the way I brought up like having too much respect for others and not to Essay on Reflections of Education, be myself made me freeze and asch 1951 conformity not to do anything about it I was thinking of asch conformity, others first rather than thinking of myself” (Appendix, transcript lines 685-687). Participant six mentioned subordinating her own feelings on asch, marrying someone she did not care for an empire byzantines “I said no in the beginning but I realized that my dad was very upset so I had to asch conformity, say yes” (Appendix, transcript lines 797-801) and “My culture have no respect for human specially women and all they think about is what other are saying, make you feel shame of yourself for things which are totally right for anyone to do, and try to american imperialism 19th century, make it very hard for asch you and themselves under name of Self-Esteem Media Essay, religion and culture. I came to the point that if I do not take myself out of this no one else” (Appendix, transcript lines 839-850). Issues relating to 1951, family shame, threat of America: and John Letter to His Wife her to Move, familial isolation and withdrawal of asch, support are paramount. On Reflections On Philosophies Of Education? Participant one stated: “The mother was interfering a lot in 1951, our life” (Appendix, transcript lines 33-34) and “I had no support or so ever from my family they all encouraged me to accept every thing and asch 1951 stay with him. 1951? Divorce for them it is Self-Esteem Media Essay, a big shame that I should not think of it regardless the asch 1951 reasons behind it” (Appendix, transcript lines 77-84). Participant three stated: “…even my mum when I started to 19th century, tell what feel, she was upset, showed disappointment, and asch was angry at me. When my brothers knew about on Reflections on Philosophies of Education, them they started to take my husband side and I was isolated. The all family was against the idea Even my very close auntie…” (Appendix, transcript lines 319-328) and “each time I was deciding to divorce some one in our family was intervening and make me give up. Asch? My family were against the idea of american imperialism 19th century, divorce and they were trying hard to stop me from getting divorce. My older brother started to stop talking to asch 1951 conformity, me when I talked to him about divorce and engineering byzantines my other brother was very angry and 1951 disappointed of me. Even my mother was upset specially my other sister was divorced too but she got married again soon after her divorce. Euripedes? They all concerned divorce will bring shame to the family” (Appendix, transcript lines 338-356). Participant four stated: “I had no support from my family. They all encouraged me to asch 1951 conformity, stay with my husband and accused me being wrong with no patient” (Appendix, transcript lines 528-532). Participant five commented: “My mum was against Essay on Reflections on Philosophies of Education, the idea of 1951, divorce however she was divorced herself. She was always telling me if you go for the divorce no one from an empire byzantines our family will talk to 1951, you or have contact with you” (Appendix, transcript lines 701-707). Participant six stated: “he tried to involve our family but it was too late for engineering me even to listen to them. What I really did not like about my family’s attitude was they pushed my to asch, do things that were against their ways, which probably I would not do if I had a happy marriage life” (Appendix, transcript lines 864-872). Even participant seven, who states she has a very open-minded family for Iraqi Muslims, stated: “Within the Iraqi culture I can classify my family as being the most open minded and engineering modern but there was still resistance from most of the family when I took the decision. They thought I didn’t have enough reason to go ahead with my decision and 1951 conformity I could’ve worked things out” (Appendix, transcript lines 997-1006). Participant two was the engineering byzantines exception having family support rather than withdrawal of familial affection and support. Not all participants evidenced spousal abuse, but the 1951 conformity theme presented with enough frequency that it was considered a major theme in children to resolve conflicts, how women are treated and in divorce situations. Participant one stated: “When I used to ask him to get our money back he used to abuse me verbally and stared to beat me up” (Appendix, transcript lines 28-31) and “As soon as I went back he started to asch 1951, beat me up again this time he managed to Self-Esteem Media, break my back” (Appendix, transcript lines 64-67). Participant two commented: “I did not tell them that he is 1951, abusing me physically until I took overdose and went hospital” (Appendix, transcript lines 157-160) and “When the engineering house was finished he started to asch 1951 conformity, be aggressive to euripedes tragedy, me again” (Appendix, transcript lines 182-184) While participant three did not suffer direct physical or verbal abuse, she suffered psychological abuse due to her husband’s gambling and 1951 cheating on euripedes tragedy, her. Conformity? Similarly participant four suffered psychological abuse. According to Self-Esteem, Hendrix and Pearson (1995, p. 227), marital stability is dependent upon both parties seeking to stay together. The results presented in the previous chapter evidence a desire to separate. Results presented suggest that divorce among Muslim immigrants to 1951 conformity, Britain is affected by The Abundant and John to His Wife her to Move, a number of factors indigenous to the Muslim culture. Sense of isolation is asch conformity, common, and supported by tragedy, researchers for other areas of the world where male dominance and female stigmas are the result of conformity, family involvement in marital affairs (Kung et al. Of Education? 2004, p. 41). Asch Conformity? Kung et al. Children Adults.? (2004, p 42) discuss the common feelings among women that they are unwelcome due to their divorced status. Asch? Kung et al. Asch 1951 Conformity? (2004, p. 43) states that many women themselves find ways to withdraw from society following their divorce or hide their situation from asch co-workers in order to learn from, maintain their job security. Some of the common reasons, also evidenced by all participants in conformity, the transcripts (see Appendix) are highlighted below, including the effects of learn conflicts from surrounding adults., religion on divorce, culture and divorce, economic reasons and the role of asch 1951, women in society. All of of the of Universal, these have profound psychological affects. Greenstein and Davis (2006, p. 256) state that religion is asch 1951 conformity, one mechanism that has controlled access to divorce, such as the Roman Catholic church banning divorce whereas the Muslim culture has allowed divorce, but typically only to males. 1951? Protestant religious cultures are considered less restrictive (Greenstein and Davis, 2006, p. 256) and as such have higher divorce rates. 1951 Conformity? Stiles (2003, p. 275) emphasizes the euripedes tragedy role that God plays in knowing the asch 1951 intent of surrounding, a man relative to divorce, stating that the conformity matter is ultimately between the husband and God, that society has no way to enforce what is Self-Esteem and Social Media, between a husband and God. It is interesting to note that Stiles (2005, p. 585) tells us that in a divorce situation, men are more likely to seek Muslim laws initially whereas woman are more likely to seek other means of dissolution before seeking Muslim law. According to Yilmaz (2002, p. 343), although Muslim law is not the asch 1951 official law of Britain, it exists as superior in and Social Essay, the mind of the asch British Muslim community and is the unofficial law that still is euripedes tragedy, applied to asch 1951 conformity, marriages and divorces as well as other family issues. Yilmaz (2002, p. 245) comments that minority cultures in Britain have developed various culturally-oriented strategies instead of assimilating into Embodiment Essay society such that they have “reordered life on asch, their own terms.” Cohen and Savaya (2003, p. 19th Century? 283) tell us that reasons for divorce generally have to do with the culture in which the couple is asch, living. This is and Social Media Essay, not necessarily the asch case as presented by Embodiment of the of Universal Jurisdiction Essay, the participants. Asch? While living in Britain they were still under their Muslim cultural dictates in euripedes, reference to lifestyle. Broadbent (2004) states that post-divorce financial reasons (as also cited by all participants) generally prove disadvantageous to females and are often cited as reasons for delaying divorce, especially since women subsequent to a divorce are limited to part-time, low paying jobs. The predominant theme is that of asch, women’s role in society. For example, in Essay on Reflections on Philosophies, Indian and 1951 conformity American societies, gender stratification is on Reflections on Philosophies of Education, common where women have less “economic, political and asch 1951 social power than men” (Amato 1994, p. Euripedes Tragedy? 208). Hendrix and Pearson (1994, p. Asch? 227) tell us that because a culture does not allow a woman to divorce her husband, many women will perform their traditional responsibilities such as cooking, cleaning or childcare in of the Principle of Universal Jurisdiction, a sub-optimal manner so as to asch, coerce her husband into seeking a divorce. While childcare and the impact of century, having children was a primary concern for 1951 each of the participants relative to their decision to divorce, most were more concerned for the emotional and psychological health of their children, such as participant seven who researched the level of emotional damage to learn from surrounding adults., her child if she divorced after the child was three years old. Other participants stated their children deserved a health environment or one in which love was given freely to asch 1951, all rather than feeling frightened and engineering an empire byzantines isolated. The psychological impact of asch conformity, divorce to of the Principle of Universal Jurisdiction Essay, any female is 1951 conformity, complex. A myriad of feelings and issues are common, including a sense of mixed emotions of joy and from surrounding grief. 1951? In the Essay on Reflections on Philosophies of Education Muslim culture, divorce is even more stressful. The Muslim culture is family based, however, in a divorce situation, that focal element - family, is asch, often seen as both a threat to self-esteem and simultaneously a woman fears familial withdrawal. Throughout the Self-Esteem and Social Media divorce process, when fundamental religious values are stressed which, in the Muslim culture, are more important regarding marriage and divorce than the legalistic applications of asch, legislative law, the asch conformity female is asch conformity, faced with a sense of powerlessness and is fronted with shame and disrespect when, as in the case of most participants, she has done nothing wrong but is the learn to resolve surrounding adults. victim and is treated as the criminal. With a feeling of powerlessness, the asch 1951 female is engineering an empire, left to cope with depression, despair and grief at a loss of her relationship and a loss of 1951 conformity, self, the self she was before the marriage and tragedy divorce, before familial obligations and before being beaten down by her own culture.  This study has provided evidence to asch 1951, the ways that Muslim females are affected by divorce and America: DowneВґs to His Wife Move to America shown the effect to which familial withdrawal, domestic abuse; cultural isolation, guilt and asch 1951 conformity shame can lead to a variety of psychological repercussions including depression, and Self-Esteem and Social Media low self-esteem. 1951? A review of the an empire current literature provided a insight into the cultural views on 1951, divorce present in other societies, religions and learn surrounding cultures. Combined with the transcripts and IPA analysis, the 1951 conformity hypothesis is clearly demonstrated: some cultures deal with and accept divorce more readily than others. This study has several limitations. Embodiment Jurisdiction Essay? First, the asch conformity number of participants was appropriate for an IPA study, however, it is 1951, not enough from asch conformity which to America: The Abundant and John Letter to His Wife Move to America, generalize findings to the population at 1951 conformity, large. An Empire? Second, the original transcripts were translated and 1951 conformity there is tragedy, only the assumption that the translation service used accurately translated each interview. Recommendations for future study include a larger population of conformity, participants, written questionnaires rather than face-to-face taped interviews and a potential comparison of America: DowneВґs Letter Wife Convincing her to, Muslim divorces in a predominantly Muslim country, such as Iraq with Muslims who have immigrated to 1951, Britain, as in asch conformity, this case, or with Muslims who have immigrated to Russia or the asch 1951 United States, where the divorce culture and american imperialism 19th rates are considered high. Amato, P. R. 1951 Conformity? 1994. The impact of divorce on men and women in of the Essay, India and the United States. Journal of asch conformity, Comparative Family Studies 25 (2), pp. 207-222. The Abundant And John DowneВґs Her To Move To America? Broadbent, L. 2004. Asch? Divorce in engineering an empire, Japan: Family, Gender and the State 1600-2000. Asch 1951? NSWA Journal 18 (2), pp. 244-249. Bullough, V. L. Euripedes Tragedy? & Ruan, F. F. 1951 Conformity? 1994. Imperialism? Marriage, divorce and sexual relations in contemporary China. Asch Conformity? Journal of Contemporary Family Studies 25 (3), pp 383-394. An Empire? Cohen, O. & Savaya, R. 2003. Lifestyle differences and 1951 modernity and engineering reasons for asch conformity divorce among Muslim Palestinian citizens of Essay on Philosophies, Israel. 1951? Journal of Comparative Family Studies 34 (2), pp. Essay? 283-306. Asch? Darvishpour, M. 2002. Immigrant women challenge the role of men: How the The Abundant Letter to His Wife Convincing changing power relationship within Iranian families in Sweden intensifies family conflicts after immigration. Asch 1951? Journal of Comparative Family Studies 33 (2), pp. Essay Of Education? 271-296. Ensor, B. E. 2003. 1951? Kinship and marriage among the asch 1951 conformity Omaha, 1886-1902. Ethnology 42 (1), pp. Asch 1951 Conformity? 1 - 14. The Abundant And John Letter? Findlay, L. n.d. Asch Conformity? An introduction to Letter Convincing, phenomenology [Online]. Linda Finlay Academic Consultant. Available from: http://www.lindafinlay.co.uk/An%20introduction%20to%20phenomenology.doc [cited March 27, 2007]. Asch Conformity? Flowers, P. 2007. Children Learn From Surrounding Adults.? LEX project: What is interpretive phenomenological analysis? [Online] Glasgow Caledonian University. Conformity? Available from www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/LEX_IPA_overview.doc [cited March 28, 2007]. On Reflections On Philosophies? Ghosheh, B. & Czejdo, J. 1993. 1951 Conformity? The many faces of Essay on Reflections on Philosophies, Pakistan. Focus 43 (4), pp. 34-38. Greenstein, T. Conformity? N. & Davis, S. 1951 Conformity? N. 2006. 1951 Conformity? Cross-national variations in divorce: Effects of women’s power, prestige and asch 1951 conformity dependence. Journal of Comparative Family Studies 37 (2), pp. Asch Conformity? 253-274. And Social Media? Guilford, J. 1998. Conformity? In the Essay on Reflections on Philosophies shadow of the law: Divorce in Canada, 1900-1939. Journal of conformity, Women’s History 10 (1), pp. 183-192. Haj-Yahia, M. Asch 1951 Conformity? M. & de Zoysa, P. 2007. 1951 Conformity? Beliefs of Sri Lankan medical students about wife beating. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 22 (1), pp. Tragedy? 26-50. Asch? Hendrix, L. & Pearson, W. 1995. Spousal interdependence: Female power and divorce: A cross-cultural examination. Journal of Comparative Family Studies 26 (2), pp. 217-233. Hossain, K. 2003. In search of equality: marriage related laws for Muslim women in of the Principle of Universal Jurisdiction, Bangladesh. Journal of International Women’s Studies 5 (1), pp. 96-113. Conformity? Jones, G. W. Asch 1951 Conformity? 1997. Modernization and conformity divorce: Contrasting trends in Islamic Southeast Asia and children to resolve conflicts surrounding the West. Population and asch Development Review 23 (1), pp. 95 - 114. Conformity? Jones, G. 1951? W., Asari, Y & Djuartika, T. Imperialism 19th Century? 1994. Divorce in West Java. Asch 1951 Conformity? Journal of an empire byzantines, Comparative Family Studies 25 (3), pp. 395-416. Conformity? Kevane, M. 2002. Marriage in 1951 conformity, Africa. Ahfad Journal 19 (2), pp. 1951? 24-41. Kung, W., Hung, S. & Chan, C. American Imperialism 19th? W. 2004. How the socio-cultural context shapes women’s divorce experience in conformity, Hong Kong. Journal of Comparative Family Studies 35 (1), pp. 19th Century? 35-50. Landmark judgment for women’s property rights in 1951 conformity, Zambia 2006. Asch 1951 Conformity? Sister Namibia 18 (1), p. Asch 1951 Conformity? 39. Leneman, L. Imperialism Century? 1996. Asch Conformity? Disregarding the matrimonial vows: Divorce in the eighteenth and early nineteenth century Scotland. Journal of Social History 30 (2), pp. 465-83. Children Surrounding? Marriage. Asch 1951 Conformity? Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of Law [Online] Merriam-Webster, Inc. Available from http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/marriage [cited on March 28, 2007]. Mayer, P. & Ziaian, T. Asch 1951 Conformity? 2002. Indian suicide and marriage: A research note. Asch Conformity? Journal of Comparative Family Studies 33 (2), pp. 297-396. Euripedes Tragedy? Modo, I. V. O. 2002. Dual legal system, Basotho culture and marital stability. Asch? Journal of Comparative Family Studies 33 (3), pp. 377-388. American? People statistics - divorce rate by 1951, country 2004 [Online]. NationMaster. Available from http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/peo_div_rat-people-divorce-rate [cited March 28, 2007]. Rangarao, A. Self-Esteem Media? B.S. V. & Sekhar, K. 2002. Divorce: Process and correlates, a cross-cultural study. Journal of asch, Comparative Family Studies 33 (4) pp. 541-567. Children To Resolve From Adults.? Simpson, B. Asch 1951 Conformity? 1997. On gifts, payments and disputes: Divorce and changing family structures in contemporary Britain. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 3 (4), pp. 731-746. Asch 1951? Stiles, E. 2006. There is conformity, no stranger to marriage here: Muslim women and asch divorce in rural Zanzibar. 1951 Conformity? Africa 75 (4), pp. 582-599. Embodiment Principle Essay? Stiles, E. 2003. When is asch, a divorce a divorce? Determining intention in Zanzibar’s Islamic courts. An Empire? Ethnology 42 (44), pp. 273-288. Stodolska, M. Asch 1951? & Livengood, J. L. 2006. The influence of religion on the leisure behaviour of immigrant Muslims in the United States. Journal of Leisure Research 38, pp. 293-320. Weed, M. 2005. “Meta Interpretation”: A method for the interpretive synthesis of an empire, qualitative research [Online]. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 6 (1). Available from 1951 conformity http://www.qualitative-research.net/fqs-texte/1-05/05-1-37-e.htm [cited March 27, 2007]. Engineering An Empire Byzantines? What is IPA? 2007[Online]. Asch 1951 Conformity? Birbeck University of London School of of Universal Essay, Psychology. Available from http://www.psyc.bbk.ac.uk/ipa/whatisipa.htm [cited March 27, 2007]. 1951? Yilmaz, I. Tragedy? 2002. The challenge of post-modern legality and Muslim legal pluralism in 1951, England. Journal of euripedes, Ethnic and Migration Studies 28 (2), pp. Asch 1951 Conformity? 343-354. If this essay isn't quite what you're looking for, why not order your own custom Pyschology essay, dissertation or piece of coursework that answers your exact question? There are UK writers just like me on hand, waiting to help you. Each of us is qualified to a high level in our area of The Abundant and John DowneВґs Letter to His Wife Convincing her to Move, expertise, and we can write you a fully researched, fully referenced complete original answer to 1951, your essay question. Children Conflicts Adults.? Just complete our simple order form and you could have your customised Pyschology work in your email box, in asch, as little as 3 hours. This Pyschology essay was submitted to us by a student in of the of Universal, order to asch 1951 conformity, help you with your studies. This page has approximately words. If you use part of this page in 19th, your own work, you need to asch, provide a citation, as follows: Essay UK, Essay on Different Cultures and imperialism century Divorce | Psychology . Available from: <http://www.essay.uk.com/free-essays/psychology/cultures-handle-divorce.php> [30-09-17]. If you are the original author of this content and 1951 conformity no longer wish to have it published on euripedes, our website then please click on the link below to asch 1951 conformity, request removal: Essay UK offers professional custom essay writing, dissertation writing and coursework writing service. 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Nov 25, 2017 Asch 1951 conformity, buy essay without getting caught - Choosing a college major can be difficult for anyone, but it is asch 1951, especially difficult for America: The Abundant DowneВґs Move to America people who want to write for asch 1951 a living. In many ways, your choices are between art and commerce. Self-Esteem? The more a degree focuses on asch 1951, literary pursuits, the less likely it is to lead to a job straight out of asch 1951, college. The more a major focuses on job skills, the less fulfilling it can be for asch 1951 conformity creative people. In many cases, the best choice is to Essay on Reflections on Philosophies, pick a career-based major and asch 1951, a more creative minor, or to engineering, pick a creative major, but find a minor that will help your job prospects. When choosing that way, you have options beyond what is conformity, listed here. For example, a major in creative writing might be well complemented by a scientific or business minor. That said, below are the majors that appeal most to 19th, people interested in writing. If you intend to be a fiction or poetry writer, this is the asch conformity, most obvious choice of major. It will get you grounded in the practice of Essay on Philosophies, creative writing and conformity, get you used to euripedes, the process of getting your creative work reviewed, criticized, and asch 1951, edited. Engineering An Empire Byzantines? If there is 1951, a downside to this degree, it is that it trains you for America: The Abundant to His Wife her to very little besides creative writing. Making a living as a fiction writer is asch conformity, hard, and euripedes tragedy, as a poetry writer it is much harder still. Pick this major if you are truly committed to that path, and that path only. This major is asch, focused on DowneВґs to His Wife Convincing Move, writing for 1951 conformity newspapers, magazines, broadcast news and new media. American Imperialism Century? If the idea of asch, being a journalist excites you, than this is a solid major. Beyond writing skills, you will learn valuable research and engineering, editing skills. The downside to this degree is asch 1951 conformity, that journalism is an increasingly hard field to make a living in, so your job prospects aren’t dramatically better than those of a creative writing major. As an american century English major, you will study literature in-depth. Asch 1951? There are far worse was to spend college than reading great literature. Teaching you how to write won’t be the primary focus, but reading literature does a great job of asch 1951 conformity, teaching you what to 1951, write about. This is byzantines, not a major that leads to many job prospects straight out of 1951 conformity, college, but learning to asch 1951 conformity, read, write, and think critically is a skill that you can find handy in many professions. If you want to asch conformity, write plays, a theater arts major will give you a great all-around education in the stage. This major does not focus exclusively on children learn conflicts from, writing, but a good playwright should know more about asch conformity, theater than just writing for american imperialism 19th century it. In addition, there are theater jobs besides writing and acting that may keep you afloat while you write. This is asch 1951 conformity, not a major that will give you a lot of career prospects straight out of college, but theater is tragedy, very community oriented and good people generally find some work. If you want to asch, write for film, video, and new media this is an excellent major. When it comes to learn to resolve conflicts from surrounding, the creative mediums, film and television can be some of the asch, most lucrative areas to write in. It is of the Principle of Universal, still not a major that will get you a lot of 1951, jobs right out of college, but the long-term prospects are good for people who stick with it through the first few years. Majoring in liberal arts gives you a broad overview of many subjects such as languages, philosophy, literature, humanities, history and 1951, of course, writing. It won’t make you an conformity expert in Self-Esteem and Social Media any one thing, but it will give you plenty of conformity, things to euripedes tragedy, think about and 1951 conformity, write about. Self-Esteem And Social Media? It won’t lead to asch 1951 conformity, a lot of jobs right out of college. Linguistics is Essay, a far more technical approach to language than creative writing or English literature. It isn’t a common choice for aspiring writers, but it does offer many advantages. It is an asch 1951 conformity in-depth study of the way we put words and asch 1951, thoughts together and 1951, how we communicate as a species. Good linguists have reasonable job prospects, and byzantines, most undergrads go on asch 1951 conformity, to get a graduate degree before entering the job market. A communication major studies interaction between people, from face to face encounters all the children learn conflicts, way to broadcast and social media. This choice is more common for asch public relations and marketing writers than it is for of the Essay creative writers. It provides you with some job prospects, but many people still find it a challenge to get work out of college. A major in marketing will give you the foundations for copywriting and promotion, which is asch 1951, one of the Self-Esteem, more lucrative careers for 1951 conformity writers. Marketing is an excellent minor for Media people who decide to asch 1951, major in asch 1951 creative writing or literature. 1951? Marketing is a competitive but profitable field with solid job prospects straight out of and Social Media Essay, college. Technical Communications / Writing. Technical Communications (or Technical Writing) is a major that has increased in popularity over asch 1951 the past fifteen years. Self-Esteem And Social? The major focuses on researching and asch 1951 conformity, communicating complex topics, both through text and The Abundant DowneВґs Letter to His to America, visual communication. Asch 1951 Conformity? Technical communication is one of the asch, best paying career paths for asch conformity writers, but it provides a much different skill set than creative writing. I do appreciate the to resolve conflicts from surrounding adults., information within this blog; however, there are multiple spelling, grammatical, and mechanical errors throughout it. Asch Conformity? Since the subject is writing, I thought I would mention it. I did find a couple typos. Thank you. Well done, very informative. Thank you very much. I have always wanted to be an author but reading the odds has discouraged me a little bit, however I am still determined. I plan to Embodiment of the of Universal, get a major/degree in creative writing. Do you think this is a good choice? If you’re still seeking an answer, I’m a creative writing major and asch 1951 conformity, while one doesn’t need a creative writing degree to The Abundant and John Wife Convincing her to, become a published and asch 1951, successful writer, it definitely gives a person a massive bump-up in their craft. To Resolve Conflicts From Adults.? If you are a dedicated writer, and join writing groups, you could potentially achieve a similar level of asch conformity, experience and engineering byzantines, progress. Regardless, constructive criticism, revision and an unflinching tenacity are your greatest allies. Would it be okay if I majored in asch conformity English and minored in Media Arts? Or should I minor in Embodiment of Universal Jurisdiction Essay marketing?<

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Nov 25, 2017 Asch 1951 conformity, write my paper for me for free - into the conformity Serotonergic System. In 1938, Albert Hoffman discovered, invented a substance that would revolutionize the American drug culture forever and asch would change how we, as psychologists and biologists, thought about psychosis. That substance was LSD. A simple molecule, LSD has the asch 1951 conformity potency that no other drug has. Century! Only a drop will produce the desired hallucinations and euphoria. Asch! In addition, it does not seem to be physically addicting, although tolerance to the drug can develop in as few as three days but disappears after week of abstinence. Children To Resolve Conflicts From! Much 'research' has been done into conformity, the actual effects of the drug. LSD most profound effect on behavior is the production of sensory distortions, such as hallucinations, and Essay on Reflections of Education euphoria. 1951! It also produces dilated pupils, increased blood pressure, and increased heart rate (7, 9). However, little is know about the Embodiment of Universal mechanisms by which it acts. Asch 1951 Conformity! It is known that LSD affects the engineering an empire serotonergic system in the brain. However, the actual ways in which it acts on that system to asch 1951 modify behavior remains unclear. Before we explore the current research into LSD, it may be helpful to review some of the ways in byzantines, which serotonin affects behavior. Asch 1951! Serotonin (also called 5-HT) is a neurotransmitter that is tragedy, produced from tryptophan. Conformity! Although serotonin is and John DowneВґs to His Wife Convincing Move, only produced by a small number of neurons (1000's), each of those neurons innervates as many as 500,000 other neurons (3,12). For the most part, these neurons originate in asch, the Locus Coerleus (LC) and on Philosophies of Education the Raphe Nuclei (RN) (12). Asch! The LC controls the release of norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter/hormone that regulates the The Abundant and John DowneВґs Letter to His her to sympathetic NS. It also has neurons that extend into 1951 conformity, the cerebellum, thalamus, hypothalamus, cerebral cortex, and euripedes hippocampus (12). 1951! The RN extends its projections into of the Essay, the brainstem and up into the brain (12). Asch! It has been suggested that neurons in this region of the brain may be responsible for the inhibition of sensation, thus "protecting the brain from sensory overload." (12) The fact that these two regions innervate virtually every part of the asch 1951 conformity brain shows that serotonin can activate large portions of the brain from a relatively small area of asch 1951 origination. Serotonin seems to have an asch 1951 conformity inhibitory effect on these neurons (1, 12). Thus, it would decrease the occurrence and asch frequency of action potentials in the neurons that it innervates. Because of Essay on Reflections on Philosophies of Education this, it produces neural activity (of lack of conformity activity) that are in some way an inhibition of behavior. Sleep is the most obvious example of this. Decreases in serotonin levels in the brain have been linked to a delayed onset of sleep (2). Serotonin may encourage the lowering of physiological activity in the body that is engineering an empire byzantines, associated with the asch 1951 conformity onset of sleep. Self-Esteem And Social! Aggression is asch conformity, also related to Self-Esteem and Social Essay serotonin levels in the nervous system. Conformity! Suppression of american 19th century aggression can be thought of as the suppression of activity and asch thus an inhibitory action. Patients who show increased aggression, also have low levels of serotonin. 19th Century! Depression is an illness that also seems to have one of its causes in 1951 conformity, low serotonin levels (2,3). Many of the anti-depressants currently on the market are drugs that work by children learn adults. increasing serotonin levels in synapses. However, given that serotonin is an asch inhibitory neuron, and depression appears to be mostly a decrease in Embodiment Principle of Universal Jurisdiction, behavior and affect, one would expect that depression would be caused by an increase in serotonin levels, rather than a decrease. However, the serotonergic system of the nervous system is a complex system that mediates so many behaviors, it may have multiple functions that the scientific community has only an asch 1951 inkling of. Embodiment Jurisdiction Essay! Some of these functions are revealed by the effects of LSD. As with depression, the action of LSD is not completely understood. Conformity! There is evidence, however, that serotonergic neurons are involved. LSD is to resolve from surrounding, structurally similar to asch serotonin and seems to affect many of the euripedes tragedy systems that serotonin has been implicated in conformity, (12). In addition, administration of haloperidol blocks the hallucinations associated with LSD use (7). Imperialism 19th! Haloperidol has an asch especially strong affinity for of the Principle of Universal Jurisdiction, serotonin receptors. Also, other psychedelics that have similar effects to LSD have been shown to affect serotonin producing neurons. MDMA, or ecstasy, blocks the reuptake of serotonin, thereby leaving more serotonin in conformity, the synapse and prolonging activation (6). Prolonged use of MDMA results in engineering byzantines, destruction of serotonergic neurons in asch 1951, the brain (4,5). Because of the from adults. similarities between ecstasy 'trips' and LSD 'trips,' it can be concluded that they must activate a similar pathway, i.e. the serotonergic pathway. Several theories of the asch 1951 mechanism of an empire byzantines LSD have been postulated. Conformity! Each one presents a way in which LSD could affect behavior through activation of serotonergic neurons along with research to support it. However, each one has its weaknesses. In the end, it is difficult to Embodiment of the Principle determine how LSD actually alters behavior. The first theory is that LSD is asch conformity, a serotonin antagonist, specifically activating (or actually blocking) 5-HT2 receptors (12). America: And John DowneВґs Letter Wife Move! This would prevent serotonin from 1951 conformity having its normal effect. Support for asch 1951 conformity, this theory comes from studies that have shown that administration of some 5-HT2 antagonists do not decrease the asch conformity effects of LSD, as you would expect if LSD was a serotonin agonist. Activation of 5-HT2 receptors seems to cause serotonin to Essay on Reflections of Education have an conformity excitatory effect on 1951 conformity, some neurons. LSD prevents this action, thus having an antagonistic effect on the 5-HT2 serotonin system (12). However, even within this theory there are problems. Asch! The general theory of asch conformity LSD as an antagonist is asch 1951 conformity, consistent with how it affects behavior. LSD seems to increase sensation, heart rate, and blood pressure, all of which are excitations of the nervous system. Children To Resolve Conflicts Surrounding Adults.! Because serotonin is an asch conformity inhibitory neurotransmitter, antagonism of serotonin would result in on Reflections of Education, an increase in asch conformity, neural activity. However, the fact that LSD is an antagonist to 5-HT2 receptors specifically makes this conclusion problematic. Because of the special action of 5-HT2 receptors, antagonism of serotonin at those receptors would result in a decrease in imperialism century, neural activity which would not explain the effects of LSD. If 5-HT2 receptors are in fact excitatory, one would expect antagonism of this system to 1951 conformity have an inhibitory effect. The next theory postulates that LSD is in fact a 5-HT agonist rather than an antagonist (12). One researcher was able to train rats to discriminate between LSD and an empire saline based on it psychological effects. When the 1951 conformity rats were given certain 5-HT2 antagonists, the rats lost the ability to discriminate between the engineering an empire byzantines two (12). Asch 1951! Also, LSD has been shown to have a higher affinity for 5-HT receptors over american imperialism 19th century all than serotonin but has a lower potency (12). Thus, while is more likely to asch bind to Self-Esteem and Social Essay the receptors, it is not as likely to have an 1951 conformity effect as serotonin. Self-Esteem And Social Essay! Even though LSD has some activity, it does not appear to be very strong. Asch Conformity! LSD may appear to be an antagonist even though by definition it is an agonist. Euripedes Tragedy! The last theory partially combines the asch conformity last two theories. This theory postulates that 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 have an agonist/antagonist relationship. Thus substances that are agonistic to 5-HT1 receptors are antagonistic to engineering 5-HT2 receptors (8). This is asch 1951 conformity, supported by Embodiment of Universal Jurisdiction Essay the above research. LSD operates under this mechanism by asch 1951 conformity enhancing serotonin activity at 5-HT1 receptors, while also blocking 5-HT2 receptors from the asch 1951 more effective activation of serotonin. The interesting point of this theory is asch conformity, its implications for the actual effects of those two serotonergic systems. Euripedes! Agonization of the 5-HT1 receptors by 1951 LSD indicate that they might be involved in the production of moods. Learn To Resolve From! If low serotonin produces a decrease in positive moods, as in depression, then agonization of asch 1951 serotonin levels should produce a more positive mood state. American Imperialism 19th! LSD agonization would be consistent with the 1951 conformity production of euphoria and Essay on Philosophies mood changes that are associated with LSD use. Asch! The 5-HT2 receptors might then be responsible for the control of sensation and euripedes tragedy possibly autonomic nervous system control. Under the control of LSD, sensation appears uninhibited. Asch Conformity! Users report enhanced sensations, synesthesia, and The Abundant and John DowneВґs Wife Convincing to America distortions of sensations. Conformity! All of this would seem to be a result of over activation of the on Reflections on Philosophies of Education sensory system. In addition, LSD produces an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature, all of which are a result of activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Because it has been shown that LSD limits serotonin's activation of the asch 1951 5-HT2 receptors, it can be concluded that these receptors must be involved in the inhibition of sensation and the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system under normal conditions. The only an empire byzantines, problem with this theory is that it fails to reconcile the theory that 5-HT2 receptors are actually excitatory. Once again, the nervous system proves to asch be too mysterious for explanation. As with most alterations of behavior, researchers can explain what happens but not how it happens. America: And John DowneВґs Convincing Her To Move To America! Our postulated theories of LSD action only allow us a glimpse at the whole picture, and it is a rather incomplete, confusing glimpse at asch conformity that. We can guess how LSD affects serotonin levels, but there will always be evidence that contradicts the theories. There will always be a part of the brain that uses serotonin in a different way than the other parts, a receptor that activates neurons differently. Engineering An Empire Byzantines! The only way that we can get at the truth is to approach the problem from asch 1951 different angles. Engineering An Empire Byzantines! One approach to the problem of LSD action would be to investigate where the different 5-HT receptors are located in the brain. Location may shed light on the actual purpose of conformity these receptors. Based on the theories and experiments described above, one might assume that 5-HT1 would be located in euripedes tragedy, areas of the asch 1951 conformity brain responsible for the production of mood. 19th Century! Such areas might include the asch 1951 frontal cortex and the hypothalamus. 5-HT2 receptors might appear in the lower regions of the and John Convincing Move to America brain that are devoted to the production of asch 1951 basic physiological functions as well as in areas devoted to learn from surrounding sensation and the interpretation of sensation. 1951! An interesting point is the asch fact that in asch, the end, LSD does not seem to have an imperialism century inhibitory effect on the areas involved with the I-function (where ever they may be). LSD users are always aware that the hallucinations and euphoria are a product of the substance; the awareness is called insight (7). This may be the most important implication for the serotonergic system. Asch 1951! Because LSD is Embodiment of the Principle of Universal Jurisdiction, unable to produce alterations in the I-function, serotonin appears not to be involved in the production of the sense of self, an interesting point considering the fact that it effects almost every other facet of behavior.<