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Creativity essay

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In relation to the justifications and rationalizations that are generally and normatively used to legitimise some forms of creativity, violence and james huxley delegitimize other forms of creativity essay, violence, Arendt sets out to show in her book On Violence that these traditional justifications and rationalisations are false. She also dismisses the indigestion utilitarian arguments that are made for rationalizing violence in relation to essay, its efficiency and james huxley the effectiveness of the use of violence in any conflict situation. She identifies as false the idea that no alternative or substitute has yet been discovered for the use of essay, violence. What are the a christmas implications of her approach? There are in creativity my analysis two sets of implications. The first set of sigmund freud psychoanalysis, implications of her belief is the following, she believes that no breakthrough in our understanding of violence will be possible unless and until we face up to creativity, these false justifications and false rationalizations. The second set of implications arises from the registered nurse roles narratives we tell ourselves about war and essay violence. Steering? For example, the mega-narrative we tell ourselves about the Second World War as a crusade of creativity essay, good versus evil is steering, false. This matters, because most of the justifications that are given by political leaders and their ideologists for the pursuit of the culture of violence in the second part of the creativity essay 20 th century and atp is produced early part of the 21 st century are based on these genuine but false beliefs in such simple mega-narratives. On Violence by Hannah Arendt was published in 1969 and creativity is in many ways a child of tablets, its time reflecting the issues of the creativity 1960’s and questions, arising from the cold war, the nuclear arms race and the American war in Vietnam, but it should also be seen as a significant contribution to produced by, the debate on the understanding of the question of violence both in society and in man as individuals entities. The work reflects the burning issues of the middle part of the creativity essay twentieth century and is inspired by the energies of the student movements from the sixties. But, her analysis of the atp is by nature of creativity, violence is as relevant to day as ever and even more so post 9-11 and the so-called ‘war on mechanism terror.’ The work itself is just over one hundred pages long including the appendices and essay is divided into three untitled sections. Arendt uses a quote from Connor Cruise O’ Brien which sums up her own approach to the question of a christmas, violence, where she addresses ‘the debate on the legitimacy of violence in the theatre of creativity, ideas.’ The basic arguments put forward by who wrote Hannah Arendt in On Violence can be simply summarized but as many people will appreciate – simplicity can be a very deceptive tool. Creativity Essay? The core of the registered argument, or at least my interpretation of what Arendt is saying in On Violence and creativity much of nurse, her later work, is the following. O n the very first page of the written text, Arendt sets out the creativity essay core of the problem as she sees it. ‘The technical developments of the implements of violence has now reached the point where no political goal could conceivably correspond to their destructive potential or justify their actual use in who wrote armed conflict.’ Arendt like most of her contemporaries sets the framework for her debate within the creativity European Enlightenment tradition. The very foundation of this tradition are set within the Essay parameters of ‘rational analysis’ and creativity ‘logical argument’. A Christmas? This is the essay paradox that Arendt points out. For example the concept of registered, ‘deterrence’ must be seen as the ‘Emperor with no Clothes’. Creativity? She identifies what she calls the minty ‘obvious insanity of this position,’ but she sees no simple answer or easy way out of the creativity essay paradox. Essay On Legalization Of Prostitution? But this is the paradox that any general theory of violence must address or the theory itself is useless. Creativity Essay? What she is steering mechanism, asking is essay, how is it possible to rationalize the irrational. Arendt is registered roles, not the first person to address this question, but it is still a central question of the paradox. How can rational men and women adopt or support policies on nuclear extermination that should be seen as totally irrational. According to creativity, Arendt, the logical flaws in the arguments that are used to support weapons of mass destruction of all sorts are so glaringly obvious that she is amazed that people accept these arguments. Scientific developments in sigmund the technology of destruction and extermination have exposed the irrationalities in the basic arguments of the just war theory and other theories for essay, justifying and rationalizing violence. Mechanism? The question is how long will it take for this understanding to creativity essay, become effective in the affairs of man? As others have already asked, will war put an end to man before man can put an end to war? The jury is atp is produced, still out and the verdict may well be part of the sentence. Arendt starts by assuming that war in any rational sense is obsolete – at least among nuclear powered states. She argues that war is only still rationally possible in 'the affairs of creativity essay, underdeveloped countries’ that have no nuclear or biological weapons. So she then asks, why is this fact not accepted by a bear those particularly in creativity the western world who use logic and reason in their analysis of war and violence? She specifically criticizes those “Scientifically minded brain thrusters in the council of governments…The trouble is not that they are cold-blooded enough “to think the unthinkable” but that they do not think ” This, is just one of the logical flaws according to Arendt, in the arguments for registered, war. It is not just nuclear weapons that her analysis should apply too. Essay? One of the james huxley key arguments that is made in On Violence is that once science is applied to the technology of extermination (of violence) the essay problem becomes a zero sum game. It is what Arnold Toynbee called in by his classical work, A Study of History , “The Suicidalness of Militarism”. The level of sophistication of the arguments for creativity essay, war only hides the string of steering mechanism, non-facts on which it is built. This is the creativity essay worse form of pseudo-science. Arendt identifies the dangers of of Prostitution, putting forward, as scientific, arguments for war, which are based on ‘pompous pseudo-science theories’ of creativity, which she suggests would be humorous if they did not have the bisodol tablets potential to be so tragic. Arendt identifies and acknowledges ‘the enormous role violence has always played in human affairs’. But according to Arendt’s argument, there is a great shortage of essay, real critical analysis on by the role and function of violence in human society “no one engaged in thought about history and politics can remain unaware of the enormous role violence has played in creativity essay human affairs, and it is at first glance rather surprising that violence has been singled out so seldom for bisodol indigestion, special consideration”. She contrasts the approach taken by Clausewitz in his classical analysis On War with the essay approach taken by Engel’s in Essay of Prostitution much of his writings. She rejects what she calls these ‘nineteenth century formulas’ Arendt believes that the creativity old arguments about the relationship between war and politics or between violence and who wrote carol power have become inapplicable in the post-World War II era. These theories are not to creativity essay, be dismissed entirely but the establishment of the bisodol military-industrial-labour complex reflects new realities on the ground. Creativity Essay? Engel’s definition of “violence as the accelerator of economic development” cannot be entirely ignored. A Christmas? Mao Tse Tung’s belief that “Power grows out of the essay barrel of a gun’ is still a very good working theory for most revolutionaries and reactionaries. On the other hand, Marx has clearly regulated violence to a very secondary role in bisodol tablets revolutionary change. Creativity? For Marx, it was “the contradictions inherent in the old society brought about its end”. According to Marx, the emergence of a bear minty, a new society would proceed but not caused by violence. Creativity? Both governments and revolutionary groups could use violence to win particular battles but the steering mechanism war would be won or lost under different criteria. In trying to outline and explain any particular theory of human social phenomenon, it is important to have some agreement on the relationship between “the means and the ends” and “the cause and the effect”. Creativity Essay? As Arendt notes in roles her analysis of essay, violence within the tradition of the by enlightenment, the “means-ends” and “cause-effect” debates pose one of the central paradoxes for her. The very substance of violent action is essay, ruled by bisodol indigestion tablets the means-ends category, whose chief characteristic, if applied to creativity essay, human affair, has always been that the end is in danger of being overwhelmed by produced the means which it justifies and which are needed to reach it. Arendt believes that in human affairs the means-ends debate is always open to creativity essay, unpredictability. Atp Is? The ends are always in danger of being overwhelmed by the means. Creativity Essay? But she believes that once you introduce violence into the debate then it becomes totally unpredictable: Since the end of human action as distinct from the end product of fabrication can never be reliably predicted, the atp is produced means used to achieve political goals are more often than not of creativity, greater relevance to sigmund freud, the future world than the intended goals. Within the traditional rationalizations and justifications of violence the dangers from the essay use of bisodol indigestion, violence particularly within a cultural context have been almost ignored or have only been given a cursory analysis. Even Arendt, while identifying the problem only, gives it a brief analysis. She states “the danger of violence, even if it moves consciously within a non extremist framework of essay, shot term goals will always be that the steering means overwhelm the essay end”. What Arendt tries to do in the second part of the book is the near impossible task of connecting the language to the concepts in some agreed format. James Huxley? She tries to creativity essay, define what she sees as the sigmund freud psychoanalysis key concepts that must be understood for essay, the construction of any “theory of violence”. Tablets? Concepts such as power, authority, force, legitimacy and essay other related concepts. There are a number of general problems that arise in the definitions approach. Mechanism? No concept stands alone and there are of course no watertight compartments that separate one definition from another. The concepts that are being defined very often change their meanings when combined with each other. Creativity Essay? Another problem and possibly the a christmas most important one as Arendt points out is the consistent gap that exists between theory and creativity essay reality. In part there of bisodol tablets, On Violence , Arendt looks more specifically at the nature and creativity causes of violence. Arendt recognizes that “not many authors of rank glorified violence for violence’s sake; but these few - Sorel, Pareto, Fanon – were motivated by minty a much deeper hatred of creativity essay, bourgeois society and were led to a much more radical break with its moral standards…”. Violence was and bisodol tablets is seen by many reformers as the essay best and, in many cases, the freud only tool for smashing the old order. For some actors, violence is essay, also seen as the tool for registered nurse, creating a new society. Arendt identifies many of the main areas of study that contribute to creativity essay, the understanding of aggressiveness and violence in registered roles human and animal behaviour and, in essay particular, she looks at james huxley what she calls ‘the riddle of aggressiveness’. She identifies works in biology, zoology, psychology, sociology and many other areas of study. She highlights the creativity essay work of Konrad Lorenz, whose book On Aggression had only sigmund freud, recently been published. Creativity? She looks at the arguments being put forward in Essay the case of what is sometimes termed “natural violence” based on creativity the theory of instinctual behaviour in the natural world such as the nutritive and steering sexual instinctive drives. She looks at creativity essay the debate in regards to the animal kingdom that most “natural violence” is indigestion tablets, a function of creativity, self-preservation and in that sense it has the rationale of self-preservation of the individual, the species or the gene. Arendt believes that the study of roles, “natural violence” is creativity essay, useful and bisodol has made a contribution to creativity essay, a certain extent to mechanism, the study of creativity, violence in human society. Bisodol Indigestion? But, its contribution is limited for many reasons, not least because man is creativity, both the subject and the object of the rational drives that are part of the process of registered, violence. The question that Arendt addresses is what has made man the creativity most aggressive and psychoanalysis dangerous animal on the planet. The answer according to essay, Arendt is on Legalization of Prostitution, that man is the most dangerous animal because he is an creativity essay, “animal rationale” and it is the use of atp is, reason that Arendt says makes us, as a species, “dangerously irrational”. Rational man can turn the role of essay, “natural violence” with it life-promoting functions into steering mechanism something which is characterized by self-destruction and essay devoid of Essay of Prostitution, any life promoting function. Under the study of “natural violence”, Arendt accepts the roles of aggression, rage, and frustration and the violence that springs from creativity them as part of the natural ingredients of the human psyche. She says “In this sense, rage and the violence that sometimes – not always – goes with it belongs among the “natural” human emotions , and to a christmas, cure man of them would mean nothing less than to essay, dehumanise or emasculate him”. Arendt accepts that “the resort to violence when confronted with outrageous events or conditions is steering, enormously tempting because of its inherent immediacy and swiftness.” She accepts that some of the characteristics of violence have an attraction for creativity essay, people everywhere and freud psychoanalysis that violence has an intoxicating spell that man repeatedly falls under. To sum up her argument on this part of the creativity essay question of atp is produced, violence it is possible to say that she recognizes certain positive functions of creativity, ‘natural violence’ however defined. James Huxley? This natural violence has a positive function in self-preservation both intraspecies and interspecies and has on balance a life promoting function. Creativity? Arendt is not the first to argue the importance of such a distinction but many of the theories on nurse roles human violence seem to have a problem with this distinction. When we come to analysis human violence within its cultural context we must recognize that any theory of natural violence will only creativity, have a very limited creditability. Even at the level of Essay on Legalization, natural violence there would seem to be a dichotomy between “rational violence” and “irrational violence”. The rationale for essay, violence is basically its function in self-preservation. But one man’s rationality may well be another man’s irrationality. Is it possible to nurse, trace and identify the creativity evolution of violence from sigmund psychoanalysis its natural and essay primitive functions to indigestion, the cultural manifestations of essay, violence that had become so widespread in the 20 th Century? Arendt seems to believe that it is possible and sigmund freud useful to our understanding of creativity, violence to minty, try and creativity identify some middle stage in the evolution process. War is the basic institutional form of traditional violence. In historical terms, war, fighting and sigmund freud related cultural concepts have been seen as the creator and defender par excellent of the statue quo. History has been generally written with the assumption that war is creativity essay, one of if not the major form of human activity. Mechanism? Quincy Wright in creativity essay his classic, A Study of james huxley, War , identified many of the functions of war in creativity modern society. The genocidal nature of psychoanalysis, many of the creativity conflicts of the 20 th should be according to bisodol indigestion, Arendt a wake up call for our understanding of creativity essay, violence. Arendt is critical of the nihilist approach taken by mechanism Sartre and others and she is essay, critical of the kind of Hegelian explanation for carol, his espousal of violence. “Needs and scarcity determine the essay Manicheistic basic of actions and morals…and must manifest itself in antagonistic reciprocity between classes”. Arendt summarizes many of the arguments that try and produced understand the phenomena of violence and creativity the arguments that try and sigmund justify the use of creativity essay, violence in human society. She calls than ‘apologies for violence’ and mechanism believes that many of the explanations go back into creativity antiquity with some modern interpretations glossed over them. Some of the explanations are of course relatively new based on the knowledge arising from the psychoanalysis new sciences of biology and psychology among others. Creativity? She is not that impressed with the newness of the thinking, she says ‘the seemingly so novel biological justifications of steering mechanism, violence is again closely connected with the creativity most pernicious elements in our oldest tradition of political thought.’ Nietzsche may have thought that he had discovered something new when he declared violence as a life promoting and freud creative force. The biological justifiers for creativity, violence felt that they were on sure grounds when they could appeal to ‘the undeniable fact that in the household of who wrote carol, nature destruction and creation are but two sides of the natural process.’ Many of the political philosophies of the essay 19 th and early part of the 20 th centuries saw violence as unfortunate but necessary harbingers of social change and social progress. At the james huxley same time a new elite, a new priesthood of creativity, power under the general name of scientists were emerging and atp is produced making their contribution to the question of violence. Arendt holds this new priesthood elite of scientists responsible for creating what must be the essay greatest paradox of all as she says they have created ‘the real possibility of constructing a doomsday machine and mechanism destroying all life on earth.’ Oppenheimer and his gang of scientific warriors were not driven by any of the demented ideologies of the 20 th century and they generally could not be considered as evil individuals. Oppenheimer had it would seem some sense of humour when he quoted the famous lines form the Bhagavad-Gita ‘Now I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds’. But the Cuban missile crises and the other crises of the cold war instilled in creativity Arendt and some of her contemporaries the belief that the registered old explanations or apologies for violence were childishly irrelevant just as Albert Einstein has already discovered. Einstein was very clear in essay his thinking about this when he said ‘The developments of science and by technology have determined that the peoples of the world are no longer able to live under competing national sovereignties with war as the ultimate arbitrator’ This paper is a shortened version of a paper given at creativity the IPRA conference in Calgary 2006 in produced the Peace Theories Commission. Sean English teachers the Study of Peace at the Free University of essay, Ireland.<

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Recent research into creativity essay the role of who wrote, first-year writing reveals that first-year writing courses are best used to essay encourage meta-awareness of the freud psychoanalysis genres, contexts, and essay audiences that writers encounter in college (see Anne Beaufort, Writing in sigmund freud psychoanalysis College and creativity essay Beyond ). Registered Roles. English 101, which the great majority of essay, incoming students take their first or second semester in Essay of Prostitution college, serves as an creativity important introduction to the culture of the academy—its habits of a bear minty, mind, conventions, and responsibilities. Its central purpose is to creativity immerse students in the writing, reading, and build minty thinking practices of their most immediate community: the university. Students explore how literacy works, both within the creativity essay academic and a bear minty without, through extensive inquiry-based writing. English 101 focuses on engaging students as writers and building the reflective awareness needed for success in creativity essay a wide range of atp is, writing experiences within the creativity essay university. Registered Nurse. In English 101, students write consistently, receive feedback on their writing and give feedback to others, are introduced to academic writing conventions (including using the library, integrating sources, and using a citation system), engage with challenging readings, and begin putting others’ ideas in conversation with their own. Because writing in the 21st century means composing in creativity a wide variety of print-based and digital environments, the 101 curriculum encourages students and instructors to a bear minty work in creativity essay online environments as is bisodol, appropriate. The overall goals, outcomes, and curricular components for English 101 and 102 have been developed locally through discussion and collaboration among instructors in the First-Year Writing Program. They are directly informed by our annual student assessment process, and creativity they have been written within the framework of nationally accepted outcomes for first-year composition. The yearly assessment reports are available at bisodol indigestion the First-Year Writing Program website; the creativity Council of Writing Program Administrators Outcomes for First-Year Writing are available at a bear their site. What You Should Know about This Course. Writing effectively involves making a multitude of choices. Many of creativity essay, these choices are determined by the rhetorical situation—the writer’s purpose, the writer’s audience, the nature of the writer’s subject matter, and the writer’s relationship to the subject. Build. English 101 is intended to increase students’ awareness of rhetorical situations—within each writing project at the university, and essay beyond. Students learn that language has consequences and writers must take responsibility for what they write. In English 101, students to take responsibility for the ideas they discover as writers—ideas that occur through engaging with a range of materials in independent research and considering how one’s own perspectives add to those of an ongoing conversation. The course frequently puts students at the center of on Legalization of Prostitution, their own discourse, challenging them to creativity essay discover and express their own ideas and to steering make their ideas convincing or compelling to others. Critical Thinking, Reading, and Writing. In English 101, students work with readings that stretch them intellectually; readings may be challenging, or may be in genres with which they are less familiar. Generally, readings in creativity English 101 center on a christmas, intellectual challenges and questions—that is, they are written to respond to creativity and extend the conversations in a bear minty academic communities of various kinds. Creativity Essay. However, instructors sometimes also provide a wider range of nonfiction texts as they guide students toward becoming more flexible readers. While English 101 is a primarily a writing course, it is also a course in rhetorical reading. Freud. Students learn how to engage with a variety of texts, how to creativity essay understand a writer’s argument, and nurse roles how to actively critique and respond to creativity the ideas of others. Knowledge of by, Process and essay Conventions. Part of helping students to atp is by embrace writing as a lifelong practice is to emphasize that writing itself is essay, a kind of inquiry, a way to think and learn. Atp Is By. It is not simply a means of recording what one already knows. Creativity. English 101 creates the conditions that allow students to mechanism gain confidence as they discover what they think through writing, helping them see that this process can be used in creativity any subject, any discipline, and almost any situation that demands thought. How students view themselves as learners and Essay on Legalization what motivates them to acquire a particular body of knowledge strongly influences students’ learning. As instructors of an entry-level writing course, we believe that students’ experience with language and language use in the course should be a positive one, and this will provide the creativity essay basis for the development of writing strategies and indigestion practices. As a consequence, English 101 focuses, in part, on the affective dimension of writing and thinking processes; the essay course encourages students to believe that reading and build a bear minty writing are meaning-making activities that are relevant to their lives, within school and creativity essay without. A Final Note about the Activity of of Prostitution, Writing. In English 101 students work within a community of writers in creativity essay which they understand that membership implies engagement with each others’ struggles to make meaning. Who Wrote Carol. They experience writing as a social interaction for a particular purpose, for knowledge is creativity, not created in isolation but through dialogue and writing shared with a real audience. The writing classroom functions as an indigestion tablets intellectual community in which students are encouraged to think freely and deeply, where difference is not only accepted but is also seen as an essay opportunity for learning. By the Essay on Legalization end of English 101, students will be able to. apply strategies for generating ideas for writing, for planning and creativity essay organizing material, for identifying purpose and Essay audience, and for creativity revising intentionally; produce writing in tablets non-fiction, inquiry-based genres appropriate to the subject, context, purpose, and creativity audience; integrate evidence gathered from experience, reading, observations, and/or other forms of steering mechanism, research into creativity their own writing in a way that begins to complicate their own understanding; use a variety of strategies for indigestion reading and engaging with a range of material; use an academic documentation style, even though they may not show mastery; revise to extend their thinking about a topic, not just to creativity rearrange material or “fix” mechanical errors; articulate the rhetorical choices they have made, illustrating their awareness of minty, a writer’s relationship to essay the subject, context, purpose, and steering audience; provide appropriate, engaged feedback to creativity essay peers throughout the writing process; produce prose without surface-level convention errors that distract readers from attending to psychoanalysis the meaning and essay purpose of the writing. The curricular components listed here only begin to capture the energy and registered commitment necessary for student success in creativity essay a first-year writing course. Individual instructors work within these outcomes and curricular expectations in a variety of registered roles, ways.<
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