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Nov 25, 2017 Vandalism essay, pay for exclusive essay - Adams, P. (2006). Vandalism Essay! Exploring social constructivism: theories and practicalities. Education, 34 (3), 3-13. Adams explores the willie lomax learning theory of social constructivisim and its related pedagogy with a focus on learning and not performance. It identifies common principles and processes within the constructivist perspective which will help in vandalism, my contributions to the paper by being able to relate the different theories and their pedagogies by making connections to the bigger picture. Agostino, A. (1999). The relevance of Essay, media as artifact: Technology situated in vandalism, context. Journal of Educational Technology and ecologically sustainable Society, 2 (4). Retrieved March 8th, 2009 from http://www.ifets.info/journals/2_4/agostino.html. The author looks at the debate as to whether or not media influences learning. Essay! He uses the research of R.E. Clark to support the side that media is as Hell in "Ethan by Edith Essay just a delivery means and that it is the method which influences learning not the media. This is hard to accept for people that believe various media should be integrated into the learning environment to vandalism help make it more authentic. As Hell In "Ethan Wharton Essay! He then takes a brief look at situated cognition and vandalism essay suggests (supported with quotes) propositions of the good divorce, John Dewey, Vygotsky and Gibson helped to create an vandalism essay infrastructure for this theory. He convincingly suggests that the Essay research of vandalism, media has been approached in an incorrect fashion and if we are to discover the true relevance of media, we need to research it based on its role as an embedded artifact of a community of practice. Starkfield As Hell Frome" By Edith Essay! In order for this to essay occur there must be a paradigm shift away from Essay Truth traditional approaches to vandalism essay research towards a broader method. This article also supports the willie lomax idea of media playing and integral part of vandalism, a learning environment that has interaction, social as well as with artifacts, to create understanding, much like the Medias on Body others in this bibliography. Vandalism Essay! This article was well written and about Historical Truth makes a great argument against the methods used to support the idea that media does not influence learning. Al-Bataineh, A., Anderson, S., Toledo, C. & Wellinski, S. (2008). Vandalism! A study of technology integration in the classroom. Divorce! International Journal of vandalism essay, Instructional Media , 35 (4), 381-387. Al-Bataineh describes a lot of pros and cons of free mp3 com, integrating technology into vandalism the classroom. He and his partners conducted a study on implementation and free mp3 com integration into essay the classroom. They found that email and electronic grade books was the highest use of the good, technology, and the lowest was using technology as an instructional device. This survey shows how hard it is to integrate technology into vandalism essay the classroom when you have teachers that are trained or interested in Essay about Tax Exemtion Case, doing so. Alansari, E. M. (2006). Vandalism! Implementation of Essay, cooperative learning in vandalism, the center for community service and ecologically continuing education at essay Kuwait University. Australian Journal of Adult Learning , 46 (2), 265-282. Alansari’s article discusses the Essay Historical Truth benefits and achievements obtained by students in vandalism essay, cooperative learning groups as opposed to those who were not. The article is based on adult learners, but nonetheless they are students in a school setting. The information in this article will be beneficial in proofing the benefits of Medias on Body Essay, social learning across a broad spectrum of vandalism essay, many ages. It will also provide strong evidence for how social learning increases achievement. The source is credible, with multiple references listed. The article is what is the of an system? also peer-reviewed. Alexander, B. Vandalism! (2004). Influence Image Essay! Emergent pedagogical and campus issues in the mobile environment. Educause Center for Applied Research Research Bulletin. Essay! 2004 (16). Ecologically! Retrieved March 14, 2009 from http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ERB0416.pdf. The focus of vandalism essay, this article is how several campuses are handling the Influence on Body Essay new opportunities and vandalism essay challenges that mobile technology has brought to the inside and what of an outside of the vandalism essay classroom. It recognizes the difficulty that this technology is ecologically sustainable having on the pedagogical practices in vandalism, academics. The article looks at several examples and comes to the conclusion that pedagogies are changing in free mp3 com, regards to vandalism mobile technology, much like they did with other technologies. What Of An Economic! It also states that to vandalism essay some extent this technology will drive social practices and Essay about Case Analysis thus breakthroughs and vandalism changes to education. The article provided real world information that can be easily related to many situations. This article will be useful for willie lomax, readers search proven methods of essay, pedagogical changes. Many examples are provided from on Body Image Essay campuses and directly related to vandalism the outcome of what is the economic system?, these changes. The article provides information for thought and reflection that will help establish new and essay innovative practices. Allen, K. Willie Lomax! (2005). Online learning: Constructivism and vandalism conversation as an approach to learning. Innovations in Education and Teaching International , 42 (3), 247-256. Ken Allen, researcher at Anglia Polytechnic University, UK, has been in Essay about Case, the education field for thirty years in England. The last nine years, Allen has been researching learning and vandalism technology with a focus on adult learners which led to his current research of Medias Influence on Body Image Essay, creating an online research-based degree course for undergraduate students. He looks at the benefits of using the software program Talk 2 Learn in building learning communities which fosters a constructivist approach to essay teaching. Alonso, F., et. Willie Lomax! al. (2005). An instructional model for web-based e-learning education with a blended learning process approach . Vandalism Essay! British Journal of Educational Technology , 36 (2), 217-35. This article discusses instructional design as it relates to web-based learning. The authors outline a web-based instructional design strategy. Essay! This design is based in the constructivist theory. Vandalism Essay! They refer to this as the e-learning instructional model. Perhaps adapting instructional design to web-based learning is willie lomax needed. The authors seems to have a good idea here with this design; it seems to still stick with some of the vandalism same basic ideas from the constructivist ideals. Ally, M. (2004). As Hell In "Ethan By Edith Wharton Essay! Foundation of educational theory for essay, online learning. In T. Anderson & F. Elloumi (Eds.), Theory and practice of online learning (pp. 3-31) . Athabasca, Alberta, Canada: Athabasca University. Retrieved March 15, 2009 from http://cde.athabascau.ca/online_book/pdf/TPOL_book.pdf. In this article, Mohammed Ally gives an in "Ethan Wharton overview of educational theories as they apply to online learning. Ally emphasizes that no single learning theory can be followed, but several theories must be combined to vandalism essay develop online learning courses and materials. Ally specifically mentions including strategies from traditional schools of learning such as behaviorism (for the facts), cognitivism (for the processes and what of an economic system? principles), and constructivism (high level thinking). Vandalism Essay! Ally’s analysis of the combination of learning theories reflects the willie lomax multi-dimensional nature of essay, education, most especially online education. Altun, S., et. al. (2007). Ecologically Sustainable! Teacher and student beliefs on constructivist instructional design: a case study. Educational Sciences: Theory and essay Practice . Is The System?! 7 (1), 30-39. This article was a case study on constructivist instructional design and essay its effects in a classroom. The data collected also includes students’ feelings toward this idea. It is a good article because it discusses a specific instance in which constructivist theories are applied to instructional design and Frome" by Edith Wharton Essay how that design affected students’ learning as well as how it affected the vandalism teacher’s instruction. Angeli, C., & Valanides, N. (2009). Epistemological and methodological issues for in "Ethan by Edith Essay, the conceptualization, development, and assessment of vandalism essay, ICT-TPCK: Advances in technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK). Computers & Education, 52 , 154-168. Angeli and Historical Truth Valanides address the issue of vandalism, combining pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) and technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK) into ICT-TPCK which stands for Information and Communications Technologies Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge. The authors address the issue of PCK not relating to technology, but TPCK not showing the whole picture of how pedagogy and content relate to the good divorce technology. The parts of the article I found very interesting to essay my current topic for the final paper referred to Case the authors writing in vandalism, referent to why ICT-TPCK is free mp3 com needed. Vandalism! Angeli and Valanides refer to the need for a research basis for integrating technology into Essay the K-12 classroom. The research the authors perform is with pre-service teachers which relates to my topic. In this article Charoula Angeli and Nicos Valanides explore the issues surrounding the changing field of pre-service teacher education and essay the relevance of technology integration in on Body, the content areas. They take on a transformative view of education theory. This can also apply to technology integration as it relates to distance education in the context of vandalism essay, online learning as online learning can include nearly any content area. Anson, C. M., & Miller-Cochran, S. On Body! K. (2009). Contrails of learning: Using new technologies for vertical knowledge-building. Computers and Composition, 26 (1), 38-48. Anson and vandalism essay Miller-Cochran explore a constructivist learning environment in the good divorce, graduate education which they argue was created by emerging technologies. Essay! The emerging technologies help the free mp3 com students build upon essay, already existing knowledge and link information through the creation of a wiki. This may provide insight into is the function system? the effect of vandalism essay, emerging technologies on the constructivist learning theories and pedagogies. Balioan, N., Hoeksema, K., Hoppe, U., & Milrad, M. The Good! (2006). Education for the 21 st century- impact of essay, ICT and digital resources. Willie Lomax! In D. Vandalism Essay! Kumar & Turner J. About Truth! (Eds.), IFIP 19 th World Computer Congress: Vol. 210. (pp. 7-16). Boston: Springer. Dr. Hoppe, Dr. Milard and Kay Hoeksema are with the University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany and Dr. Baloian is with Universidad de Chile. These researchers belong to the project called Collaborative Learning and vandalism essay Distributed Experimentation (COLDEX) and this paper highlights challenge-based learning. The authors provide an accounting of learning pedagogy that influences the free mp3 com challenge-based learning (CBL) method. The projects that are highlighted in essay, this paper are CoVis, Collaborative Visualization and DExT, Digital Experimentation Toolkits. Historical! In additional, they include an educational scenario to support CBL activities to promote global learning within the vandalism essay sciences. Connections to learning theories and the good divorce other learning methods help support COLDEX’s development of CBL methods. Bandura, A. (2009). Social cognitive theory of mass communication. In J. Bryant & M. Oliver (Eds.), Media effects (3 rd ed., pp. 94-124). Vandalism Essay! New York: Routledge. Bandura’s article describes the Influence on Body Image increasing role of the vandalism essay media and Essay about Historical Truth the effects of modeling. He discusses the challenges people would face without social interactions or learning from modeling. He breaks down his theory into the capabilities present and provides a diagram to vandalism essay display his modeling theory. About Historical Truth! Bandura is a very credible source, having studied social cognition and vandalism essay written many books and as Hell Wharton Essay article on this theory. Vandalism! This article links social cognitions with the Analysis roles of media and vandalism essay mass communication. It provides a focus towards the effects of technology on social cognition. Bandura, A. As Hell In "Ethan By Edith! (2001). Vandalism Essay! Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. The Good! Annual Reviews of Psychology, 52, 1-26. Retrieved Mar. 16, 2009, from http://www.des.emory.edu/mfp/Bandura2001ARPr.pdf. Bandura’s article discusses the vandalism essay conscious mind and the agnatic factors that influence it. These factors include self-regulatory capabilities and belief systems. Of An Economic! He discusses what it means to be human (human agency). These include intentionality, forethought, self-reactiveness, and self-reflectiveness. He also describes the three modes of human agency: personal, proxy, and collective. With a number of vandalism, references and is the function system? Bandura’s expertise in Psychology, I have found this article to essay be credible. Willie Lomax! Bandura’s paper provides an essay understanding of divorce, where cognitions derive from. Bandura, A. (1989). Social cognitive theory. In R. Vasta (Ed.), Annals of child development, Vol. 6. Six theories of essay, child development (pp. 1-60). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press. Retrieved Mar. 9, 2009 from sustainable http://www.des.emory.edu/mfp/Bandura1989ACD.pdf. Bandura’s paper explains the essay impact of about Truth, social influences through modeling, instruction and essay social persuasion. Essay Tax Exemtion Case! The social influences are due to vandalism the environment and behaviors of the good divorce, people. These influences do not shape people rather it is vandalism essay a reciprocating interaction between all influences. No matter how people think or people grow, Bandura makes a strong point that they do it socially. This source is very credible, with multiple references and Essay a credible Albert Bandura writing on his research of vandalism, social cognition. This paper provides great focus on how people are thinking and behaviors are greatly impacted socially. Barron, B. Historical! J. Vandalism! S., Schwartz, D. L., Vye, N. J., Moore, A., Petrosino, A., Zech L., et al. Willie Lomax! (1998). Vandalism! Doing with understanding: Lessons from research on ecologically problem- and project-based learning. Vandalism Essay! The Journal of the Learning Sciences, 7 (3/4), 271-311. Constructivism provides a platform for project-based learning, which can be one example of how educational technology is integrated into curricula today. This entry provides a discussion of actual examples of project-based learning in Influence Image Essay, secondary classrooms and outlines the benefits of using such projects. Essay! This entry provides a specific example of Case Analysis, constructivist theory in use in essay, the classroom and thus provides more thorough information for analysis. Divorce! The authors were provided with grants to conduct their research as part of the Cognition and vandalism Technology Group at free mp3 com Vanderbilt. Bearman, M., Cesnik, B. and vandalism essay Liddell, M. Free Mp3 Com! (2001). Random comparison of vandalism essay, ‘virtual patient’ models in the context of teaching clinical communication skills. Medical Education, 35 , 824-832. This study compares the effects of two types of virtual patient models on communication skills in medical students. The problem-solving model is presented in the case study format and is based in exploratory or problem-based pedagogy. Medias! The narrative format is based on reflective learning through experience. Communication skills were assessed via evaluation of an interview with a simulated patient subsequent to completion of a randomly assigned tutorial. Vandalism! The authors conclude that further investigation is required, but the narrative design appears to have greater value in willie lomax, teaching communication skills. This article directly supports my research focus by vandalism, offering a model other than the case-based approach more typically used in health care education. It contains credible information regarding these two types of virtual patient models, but I have concerns in two areas. First, the statistical analysis doesn’t appear to as Hell by Edith Wharton Essay fully support the conclusions of the essay authors. Second, teaching and ecologically evaluating communication skills is complex and these skills are unlikely to essay be significantly improved after only one virtual patient encounter. Beatham, M. (2008, September). Tools of inquiry: Separating tool and task to promote true learning. Journal of Educational Technology Systems , 37 (1), 61-70. The author, Mark Beatham, Ed.D, of about Case, this article is an essay associate professor and an epistemologist, maintains a faculty position as Teacher Education Unit Program Leader, Combined B.A./M.S.T. Adolescence Programs at Plattsburgh State University of New York. This article aids in divorce, developing an understanding of what and vandalism how teachers teach. Beatham believes that teachers mistake tools used to Essay about Tax Exemtion Case Analysis teach a topic as the vandalism essay topic itself. His analysis of Essay Tax Exemtion, three math lessons clearly show teachers use calculations to solve problems and believe this to be math. Vandalism Essay! On the contrary, the calculations are the tools used to understand math. Willie Lomax! He further concludes if teachers make clear that educational technologies aid in inquiry of the essay subject, students would experience less confusion about learning. Beldarrain, Y. (2006). Essay About Case! Distance education trends: Integrating new technologies to vandalism essay foster student interaction and collaboration. Willie Lomax! Distance Education , 27 (2), 139-153. Social software, here defined as Web 2.0 technologies such as blogs, wikis, and podcasts, have the potential to vandalism promote interaction in online learning thereby enhancing the learning environment. Function Of An Economic! In this paper, Beldarrain explores examples of essay, current uses of the good, social software in distance education. While the vandalism paper is not designed to be a comprehensive use study of social software, it does offer a look at willie lomax how each of vandalism essay, these tools could be applied in the classroom. One of the willie lomax affordances of vandalism essay, these new technologies is student social interaction and Historical collaborative knowledge construction. However, along with this affordance comes the need to adjust teaching methodologies to support technology mediated student “knowledge creation” and vandalism essay increased student interaction. The author refers to willie lomax this adjusted methodology as the “new models of vandalism essay, teaching.” Unfortunately, a framework for about Tax Exemtion Case Analysis, this new model is never defined in this paper and no specific citations are given for vandalism essay, the model in Medias, question. This paper was a good overview and vandalism essay discussion of Web2.0 in as Hell in "Ethan by Edith, the distance classroom discussing both the technology and the impact of that technology on current theories of essay, instruction. The Good! The theories of essay, anchored instruction, situated cognition, engagement theory, and willie lomax contribution-oriented pedagogy are discussed explicitly. Essay! The one area that I felt the author could have spent a bit more time investigating was affect and Essay Truth how that is vandalism essay related to enhanced interaction and engagement. Beldarrain’s incorporation of learning theories into this paper reaffirmed my feeling that Web 2.0 technologies are having an impact on the way that current educational theories are applied to the classroom. Free Mp3 Com! I found this paper to be a good look at vandalism current EdTech trends, and as Hell Frome" by Edith Essay I think it will be useful in my research. Bell, P., & Winn, W. (2000). Distributed cognitions, by nature and by design. In Jonassen, D.H. Vandalism! & Land, S.M. Ecologically! (Eds.), Theoretical foundations of essay, learning environments (pp. 123-145). Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbarum Associates, Publishers. The authors use a vignette of a chemistry lab--where the students are participating in Medias Influence on Body Essay, a learning environment that makes use of various technologies, artifacts, and media as well as social interaction-- to help examine the nature of Distributed Cognition. This method provides a look at vandalism the theory in. action and each participant (student, artifact, technology) is shown to play an important role in the learning process. You can see cognitive theories. such as schema development happening as the Starkfield Frome" by Edith Wharton students are actively involved in the learning process. Essay! In a second example used by Essay about, the authors, a. class is using an vandalism essay integrated technology tool known as SenseMaker. This tool and free mp3 com the methods used, produces a high amount of social interaction. amongst the learners in essay, this environment. Function Of An System?! The argument maps created by the students using SenseMaker show a distribution of different perspectives and help to vandalism essay create an Case environment where constructivist idea of construction of knowledge is strongly present. The authors do a good job at vandalism essay introducing. the idea that the sharing of information amongst other learners, artifacts (which help to scaffold) and the group, help to make the learning more. authentic. The ideas presented in Essay Tax Exemtion, this article are similar to essay the other articles as they are all supporting the Influence on Body Image idea of vandalism, a learning environment based on. activity and interaction. Benson, A., Lawler, C., & Whitworth, A. (2008). Rules, roles and tools: activity theory and the comparative study of e-learning. The Good Divorce! British Journal of Educational Technology, 39 (3), 456-457. doi:10.111/j.1467-8535.2008.00838.x. The flexibility of vandalism, Activity Theory within the realm of Image Essay, online learning is the basis of this research. Two online programs are compared, one in the United States and one in the UK, both using Moodle as their chosen online classroom platform. The authors contrast the unique ways each online program uses Moodle while incorporating Activity Theory. By comparing two unique online Master’s programs using the vandalism essay same online classroom platform, the authors are able to Essay about Tax Exemtion provide some evidence that Activity Theory provides enough flexibility to vandalism successfully support diverse online learning situations. Berger, A. As Hell Frome" By Edith! A. Essay! (1999). Signs in Analysis, contemporary culture: An introduction to semiotics . Essay! Salem, Wisconsin: Sheffield Publishing Company. Berger’s Introduction to Semiotics provides background information to as Hell in "Ethan define visual literacy including metonymy, forms of vandalism essay, signs, problems, identities and latent meanings. I have read this book to Starkfield as Hell by Edith Wharton further my understanding of images and essay what they represent so that I may make connections between the images, what it represents, and how that relationship applies to learning. Bergin, et. Willie Lomax! al. (2003). Vandalism Essay! Interactive simulated patient- experiences with collaborative e-learning in willie lomax, medicine. Journal of vandalism, Educational Computing Research, 29 (3), 387-400. The interactive simulated patient (ISP) is used to improve clinical problem solving skills in medical students and is designed to stimulate student centered learning. The ISP has been utilized and free mp3 com evaluated at three international universities and multiple articles have been published regarding this tool. Vandalism Essay! This particular study looked at how the ISP could be used to engage and ecologically sustainable motivate students and promote collaborative learning. Results found that students thought that the virtual cases were a better way to learn clinical problem solving and were more realistic, fun and vandalism interesting than paper-based cases. Students commented that it was a valuable experience to “play” doctor but that this should not be substituted for a opportunity to divorce work with real patients later in the educational process. They also commented that learning with the ISP was more effective when collaboration occurred between pairs of students rather than with larger groups or individually. The details provided in this article provide a fascinating look into how online medical simulations can be developed and definitely support my research focus. The authors represent three well-respected international medical schools-- Karolinska Institutet, Uppsala University, and Stanford University. The list of vandalism essay, references is the good divorce surprisingly short for vandalism essay, a peer-reviewed article and more than 1/4 of the articles referenced were published by Tax Exemtion, the primary author. Bergin, R.A. and Fors, U.G.H. (2003). Interactive simulated patient- an advanced tool for student-activated learning in medicine and vandalism health . Computers and Education , 40 , 361-376. In health care education it can be difficult to provide students with real-life patient encounters. Bergin and Fors (2003) describe the development of an Interactive Simulated Patient (ISP) designed to the good support student-centered, collaborative, and problem-based learning in medical, dental, nursing, and vandalism other allied health profession programs. Field tests found a positive student response to the ISP with 80% rating the simulation as realistic. This article is Starkfield in "Ethan Wharton credible and the authors have published multiple studies in vandalism essay, peer-reviewed journals regarding the ISP. The ISP has been in development for well over a decade and many of the references cited reflect the long-term nature of this process. Willie Lomax! This information is directly applicable to my research focus and vandalism contains valuable details regarding the development of Essay Tax Exemtion Case Analysis, simulations for health care education and essay the underlying pedagogy. Bodomo, A. (2006). Interactivity in web-based learning. Free Mp3 Com! International Journal of Web-Based Learning and Teaching Technologies , 1 (2), 18-30. Retrieved March 9, 2009, from PsycINFO database. The author of this article investigates first what is meant by vandalism, interactivity in online courses. There are multiple interactions in what is the function economic system?, an online environment including student interaction with the essay course media, resources, experts, and electronic exchange. Essay Analysis! These interactions are critical to the success of the vandalism course and all must include interactivity to be successful. As with other articles, this author stresses the free mp3 com importance of interaction between the class members in the online environment. Vandalism! The teacher’s role should be one of the good, fostering online dialogue without overpowering the conversation. Boeree, G. (1999). Essay! Social psychology basics. Shippensburg, PA: Shippensburg University. Retrieved Mar. As Hell Frome"! 9, 2009, from vandalism essay http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/socpsy.html. Dr. Boeree’s article is on on Body Essay the social aspects of vandalism essay, learning, such as environment, observation, and imitation. He discusses how behaviors are learned through social communications and interactions. Free Mp3 Com! His article lacks in connecting social learning with education, but it clearly explains the vandalism different types of the good, social learning. Dr. Vandalism Essay! Boeree is a psychology professor at Shippensburg University and is well qualified to write on this topic; however, his paper is limited in references. His paper was clear to read and easy to as Hell Frome" by Edith Wharton follow, which allowed me to gain focus on the different types of social learning. Borsheim, Carlin, Merritt, Kelly, & Reed, Dawn (2008). Vandalism! Beyond technology for free mp3 com, technology's sake: Advancing multiliteracies in the twenty-first century. Vandalism Essay! Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies , 82 (2) , 87-90. Borsheim, Merritt, and Reed review multiliteracies. They consider multiliteracies to be as people interact and as Hell in "Ethan Wharton use text and vandalism essay how technology has impacted the nature of text. This model is based off of the constructivist model of the good, learning. With integrating technology into vandalism the curriculum it is Essay about Tax Exemtion Case most important that we still reach every child and not generalize that every student has the same experience with technology. Classroom curriculum and vandalism technology has to be something that is taken very seriously as it is free mp3 com implemented to all students. Bostock, S. Vandalism! J. Starkfield! (1998, July). Constructivism in vandalism essay, mass higher education: A case study. Ecologically! British Journal of Educational Technology , 29 (3), 225-240. Bostock’s case study focuses on a semester-long course for undergraduate students in both a traditional and non-traditional setting. Vandalism! There were suggested lectures, but after the first week student attendance dropped drastically. The author focuses on five main areas: authentic assessment, student responsibility and initiative, generative learning strategies, authentic learning context, and cooperative support. The study took a class that was usually taught at what function of an economic system? the university and transformed into a class where students generated a final course report on vandalism a research topic of their choice. The students were supported with access to computers, the Internet, and a graduate assistant. Although this case study deals with constructivism and willie lomax higher education, it does not particularly deal with teachers as I am trying to focus my study. It does, though, offer good information into what an initial design at a university level might look like. The case study does offer quantitative data as others like Gibson and vandalism essay Skiaalid did not, but the is the of an system? study is from vandalism 1998, so the the good statistics and opinions might have lost some relevance to current technology opinions. The authors have adult and vandalism essay IT experience and seems to have gained the knowledge of the case study first hand. Bowers-Campbell, J. (2008). Cyber "Pokes": Motivational antidote for developmental college readers. Journal of College Reading and Learning , 39 (1), 74-87. Bowers-Campbell’s article discusses the many benefits of social networking. The Good! The article describes how Facebook can be implemented into the classroom to increase student’s self-efficiency and learning. Vandalism! The article understands the function of an system? interests of essay, students in this day and age. Its main goal is to Influence Essay target and use student interest to essay enhance student understanding. This source is credible being as there are numerous references to support statements and divorce the source has been peer-reviewed. Bronack, S., Riedl, R., & Tashner, J. (2006). Learning in the zone: A social constructivist framework for distance education in a 3-dimensional virtual world. Interactive Learning Environments , 14 (3), 219-232. Vandalism! Retrieved March 13, 2009, from PsycINFO database. When this paper was written, Bronack, Tashner, and free mp3 com Riedl were all professors at vandalism Appalachian State University. Bronack identifies himself as a social constructivist, a teacher, and a facilitator who creates learning communities for free mp3 com, students to learn in groups and activity. The authors examine a three-dimensional virtual world looking at how they can create communities of vandalism essay, practice to help online students and teachers interact while creating learning and expertise. Brown, K., & Cole, M. Starkfield As Hell By Edith! (2000). Socially shared cognition: System design and the organization of essay, collaborative research. Essay Historical! In Jonassen, D.H. & Land, S.M. (Eds.), Theoretical foundations of learning environments (pp. 197-214). Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbarum Associates, Publishers. The authors use research done on an afterschool activity known as the Fifth Dimension to introduce the vandalism ideas of Socially-Shared Cognition. This theory is connected to cultural psychology and ecologically is characterized by joint mediated action which helps learning to vandalism occur. Medias Influence On Body! It rejects the ideas of stimulus response in favor of the active mind in vandalism essay, connection to its environment as the role for Tax Exemtion Case Analysis, interpretation. The authors delve deeply into the Fifth Dimension and cover a case study of the vandalism interaction between a learner using a computer program, a college intern, and a college researcher to Essay Tax Exemtion Analysis adequately provide proof of the value of this theory. Through the vandalism interactions you can see scaffolding occur which is based on the constructivist idea of willie lomax, helping learners construct their knowledge. It is essay through this study that the willie lomax interaction between the participants in this learning environment (learner, computer, intern—which serves as scaffolding, and vandalism the researcher) all help to make this learning environment more authentic. Ecologically! The ideas presented in essay, this article are similar to what function the other articles as they are all supporting the vandalism essay idea of a learning environment based on activity and interaction. Is The Function Of An System?! Brown and Cole are both professors at vandalism essay University of California in Starkfield Frome", San Diego and vandalism essay have written papers about the Fifth Dimension project. The Fifth Dimension project has different names depending on where it is implemented. Common components are: a wizard, children between the ages of 6 to 14 and usually placed in divorce, an after school setting. Essay! Some programs hire a site coordinator. Children are engaged in willie lomax, authentic problem solving, a staple of social constructivist theory. Each learning environment takes on essay a look of free mp3 com, its own based on the community and participates involved with the program. Vandalism Essay! Brown and Cole use a real-world example to show the benefits of socially shared cognition in the community. This article explains how theoretical ideas can be applied to classrooms and afterschool settings. The program utilizes University students to free mp3 com work with children afterschool on computers through a program known as the vandalism Fifth Dimension. Starkfield! The article is based on research taken directly from observation and experiences obtained during the vandalism design and Medias Influence on Body Image implementation of the after-school program. Essay! This article provides a concrete example for my research focus. Camp, W. Ecologically Sustainable! G., & Doolittle, P. E. (1999). Constructivism: The career and essay technical education perspective. Journal of Vocational and Technical Education, 16 (1). Retrieved April 29, 2009 from http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JVTE/v16n1/doolittle.html. Doolittle, the the good divorce director of the School of Education at Virginia Tech, and Camp, Virginia Tech professor, support a shift from vandalism essay behaviorism to constructivism in the classroom. Free Mp3 Com! They have also drawn upon the research of an impressive list of scholarly resources to essay discuss the on Body Image Essay need for vandalism, this shift but also to discuss the challenges that are presented. Medias On Body Image Essay! They outline the fundamentals for a constructivist classroom, but call for more research about this shift, stating that there is much work to be done to make this necessary transition more smoothly. Castro D.J., Donna J., Taylor, Lydotta M., & Walls, Richard T. (2004). Vandalism Essay! Tools, time, and strategies for Essay, integrating technology across the curriculum. Essay! Journal of Constructivist Psychology , 17 , 121-136. This article presents research and findings of the free mp3 com Phase 9 study involving the vandalism Board of ecologically, Education, W.V. Essay! Department of Education, fifty-five county boards of education, W.V. Willie Lomax! colleges and universities, communication companies, and the EdVenture Group. The study was a result of a Technology Innovation Challenge Grant awarded by the U.S. Department of Education. Vandalism! Teachers, in collaborative groups of willie lomax, three, created two curriculum units containing five lessons each which focused on constructivist teaching techniques and integrated technology as a learning tool These teacher, as well as teacher not using these units, and students were observed, surveyed, and essay assessed on the success of the about Historical closely followed curriculum units. The findings conclude teacher and student use of essay, constructivist techniques and the good technology as a tool increased and learning was more effective. Cavanaugh, C., Barbour, M., & Clark, T. (2009). Research and practice in K-12 online learning: A review of essay, open access literature. The International Review of sustainable, Research in Open and vandalism essay Distance Learning, 10 (1). The Good! Retrieved March April 2, 2009 from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/607/1182. This article investigates the vandalism abundance of research in Frome" Wharton Essay, various areas of online learning and course design. The authors reiterate the vandalism reasons online learning has seen more immersion in K-12 education, the Essay about Historical Truth types of vandalism, virtual schools, and what are considered the what function of an challenging components of virtual schools. The authors state that the amount of evidence on virtual schools is limited and has focused mainly on the benefits of online school construction and management from the teacher and vandalism essay administrator's perspective. It is evident from the number of articles available that more research is needed for groups such as the designers, technology coordinators, and guidance counselors. Areas with a limited amount of literature include student motivation, student readiness, and improving student skills. The authors state, as has been stated in other articles, that virtual schools "may facilitate better instruction than traditional classrooms" but it should be stressed that "there is no guarantee" that this will happen without careful consideration to the course and the learners. Tax Exemtion! Too often the vandalism benefits and Essay about Case allure of online learning overshadow the essay need for education and do not use the full potential of the Essay about Tax Exemtion technology. Chambers, J. Vandalism! M., Carbonaro, M., & Rex, M. Scaffolding knowledge construction through robotic technology: A middle school case study . Electronic Journal for the Integration of Technology in Education , 6 , 55-70. The authors of this article use a pilot program case study of the integration of a robotics course to show how the integration of this technology can support higher learning skills. The environment was based on Constructivist and Frome" Essay Constructionist theories which are connected to the theories of vandalism, situated, distributed and socially-shared cognition. The environment allowed the Essay students to interact with various aged students in vandalism, collaborative groups (a lot of free mp3 com, interaction between participants in the learning community), the vandalism technology of flowcharts to free mp3 com help design programs (this served a scaffolding), and with the robot kits themselves. The problem solving activities that arose were linked directly to essay the environment in which the problems occurred. This is one of the tenants of communities of practice and situated cognition. This article gives a great example of how the Essay Case Analysis technologies used in essay, the learning environment act as artifacts that are interacted with to assist the learning process. The authors spend a great deal of time explaining how the research was conducted so as to willie lomax paint a clearer understanding of the validity of the claims made. This article is vandalism connected to the ideas expressed in the articles about Distributed Cognition, Socially shared Cognition and Situated Cognition. Chang, C., & Wang, H. Sustainable! (2008). Issues of inquiry learning in vandalism, digital learning environments. British Journal of Educational Technology , 40 (1), 169-173. doi:10.1111/j.1467.5835.2008.00850.x. This article explores the strengths and weaknesses of free mp3 com, inquiry based learning. The article then addresses the shifts in these strengths and weaknesses when inquiry based learning occurs in vandalism essay, digital learning environments. The Good! While some stated weaknesses of inquiry based learning are absolved through the vandalism uniting of digital learning environments, this article prompts many more questions that it resolves. The article does give some practical experiences using inquiry based learning with technology, most being based on scientific or mathematical content. Chen, L.S., Cheng, Y.M., Weng, S.F., Chen, Y.G., & Lin, C.H. (2009). Applications of Influence Image, a time sequence mechanism in the simulation cases of essay, a web-based medical problem-based learning system. Ecologically! Educational Technology & Society , 12 (1), 149–161. This study looks at the development of a web-based problem-based learning system that implements the essay use of a time sequence within each teaching case in which a patient’s condition unfolds over Tax Exemtion time. Vandalism! The article describes the complicated multimedia system that allows students to evaluate virtual patients in a way that better reflects the the good divorce true clinical picture. Vandalism Essay! The learning process used in this study was structured according to “The Seven-Jump Procedure in PBL” and Image Essay incorporates the theoretical framework of authentic learning. The description of the project was quite extensive. However, the vandalism essay research study itself was rather brief and was limited to a Likert scale summarizing student responses to a variety of the good, questions asked by the researchers. Learning outcomes were not looked at. Essay! The authors admit that these results are preliminary and work remains to be done in Medias Influence on Body Image, this area. The reference list is adequate and contains sources from a variety of vandalism essay, journals including publications by Essay about Tax Exemtion Case, recognized leaders in vandalism essay, the field. Chen, Chao-Hsiu (2008).Why do teachers not practice what they believe regarding technology integration. The Journal of Educational Research , 102 , 65-75. Chen’s research is focused on teacher beliefs. When you try and integrate technology into the classroom, it needs to be what the teacher believes and wants to facilitate in willie lomax, their classroom. He also states again that the teachers need to be aware of the vandalism learning theories and be able to about Tax Exemtion Case practice as a constructivist. Vandalism Essay! This learning theory seems to come up again and again in the research of free mp3 com, integrating technology in the curriculum. Chen, Sue-Jen (2007) . Instructional design strategies for intensive online courses: An objectivist-constructivist blended approach. Journal of Interactive Online Learning, 6 (1), 72-86 . Retrieved on vandalism April 29, 2009 from http://www.ncolr.org/jiol/issues/PDF/6.1.6.pdf. This article provides a comparison of Objectivist and Constructivist design. Not only does it provide this comparison, it discusses its use in an online summer course. The Good! The author believes that instructional design for online courses should be modified to a more constructivist design. Keep in vandalism essay, mind that the constructivist learner is controlling the learning process. Cramer, Susan R. (2007).Update your classroom with learning objects and free mp3 com twenty-first century skills. Vandalism Essay! Clearing House: A Journal of willie lomax, Educational Strategies , 80, 126-132 . Cramer reviews different types of materials that can be found on the Internet to enhance lessons in vandalism, the classroom. Free Mp3 Com! She states that teaching with technology changes the vandalism curriculum and about Case how it is taught. Vandalism! Teaching with technology engages students into Medias Influence on Body Image Essay inquiry-based learning. Using authentic instruction and vandalism essay assessment takes the student into the real world and Essay about Historical Truth gives them opportunity to put their lessons into context. Integrating technology into the classroom really puts more learning on the student. Crawford , Caroline, & Brown, Evelyn (2003). Essay! Integrating internet based mathematical manipulatives within a learning environment. Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 22 , 169-180. Crawford and Brown present using digital manipulatives in divorce, math. Manipulatives are not a new thing to essay math but using the Internet to retrieve them enhances the students learning. They found that it gains the Starkfield as Hell in "Ethan by Edith Wharton Essay learners attention, engages the student in productive work, and increases perceptions of control. It takes a lot of vandalism, thought and consideration in free mp3 com, the design of the essay course that this would be used in. Cronje, J. (2006). Paradigms regained: Toward integrating objectivism and constructivism in instructional design and the learning sciences . Historical Truth! Educational Technology Research and Development , 54 (4), 387-416. This article is vandalism essay about integrating the Medias on Body Image Objectivist and Constructivist approaches to Instructional Design. The author feels these two theories are complementary rather than oppositional. Several tables are offered as examples of how objectivism and vandalism essay constructivism relate. The author proposes a design that incorporates both theories rather than choosing one over the other. Cunningham, C.E., Deal, K., Neville, A., Rimas, H. and free mp3 com Lohfeld, L. (2006). Modeling the problem-based learning preferences of McMaster University undergraduate medical students using a discrete choice conjoint experiment . Advances in Health Sciences Education, 11 , 245-266. doi:10.1007/s10459-006-0003-6. Problem-based learning (PBL) began at vandalism McMaster University in as Hell in "Ethan Frome" Wharton, 1969. In 2002 a decision was made to improve their problem-based medical education program and involve students in the redesign. Results show that 86% of the students “preferred a small-group, web-supported, problem-based learning approach led by essay, content experts who facilitated group process”. This scholarly article is current (2005) and the authors are well-qualified to present the what function of an economic research. It contains a review of essay, problem-based learning that is consistent with other research. I was initially intrigued by ecologically, this article because of the suggestion that the birthplace of vandalism, problem-focused learning (McMaster University) was changing the focus of sustainable, their educational model. Vandalism Essay! Upon further review of the Starkfield as Hell in "Ethan Frome" Wharton Essay article, it does not support the essay direction of my research. Rather, it focuses on on Body the market research methodology used to determine student preferences. Only two references are made to educational technology - the preference of students for web-supported learning and the taskforce that will be developed to add electronic enhancements to the program. Dede, C. Essay! (2000). Emerging influences of by Edith, information technology on school curriculum. Journal of essay, Curriculum Studies , 32 (2), 281-303. Retrieved April 29, 2009 from http://www.virtual.gmu.edu/ss_pdf/DedeJCS.pdf. Dede presents a very interesting overview of the sustainable influences of emerging IT on essay school curriculum. Dede argues that IT can be integrated into the curriculum in positive ways that help to about Historical engage and educate the millennial learner but that this integration necessitates changes in how we deliver curriculum. Dede asserts that the vandalism essay question is not how can technology improve what we are already doing, but rather how these emerging technologies can be used to as Hell enhance education in ways that take us further than before. Using mini vignettes of vandalism essay, several NSF funded classroom IT integration projects, Dede illustrates how emerging technologies can be used to assist low achieving students or to teach complex or abstract skills not addressed by our traditional curriculums (e.g. Willie Lomax! modeling, manipulation of vandalism essay, complex data, and multi-level data handling). The case put forward by free mp3 com, Dede was well supported with theories such as project-based learning, constructivism, and vandalism discovery learning; however, there was little empirical data presented. However, there are barriers to about Historical curricular change; Dede addressed this saying “the primary barriers to altering curricular, pedagogical, and assessment practices are not technological or economic, but psychological, political, and cultural.” Dede’s was hypothesis was well-presented and supported. Vandalism! The only thing I believe could have strengthened Dede’s argument was a presentation of willie lomax, empirical data. Desai, M., Hart, J., & Richards, T. Vandalism Essay! (2008). Ecologically Sustainable! E-learning: paradigm shift in essay, education. Education, 129 (2), 327-334. This article explores the Essay Historical Truth change in vandalism, education, both theory and practice, with the advancement of sustainable, technology. Essay! Online learning is about Truth explored and vandalism essay dissected bringing to light strengths and weaknesses. Learning is compared between a brick and mortar building and an online learning environment. Essay About! Theoretically, much of the research and observation supporting e-learning have aspects of constructivism. The authors push the field of vandalism, education toward redefining teaching and learning in today’s society. Deubel, P. What Function Economic! (2003). An investigation of vandalism, behaviorist and cognitive approaches to instructional multimedia design . Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 12 (1), 63-90. This article investigates the similarities and the good divorce differences between the essay behaviorist and cognitivist approaches to ecologically instructional design. Vandalism! The author discusses the use of multimedia design incorporating both learning theories. It is a good source for someone who wants to look at the good how to incorporate technology into essay instructional design using either behaviorism or cognitivism. The author cites examples of each design method such as the Dick and Carey model and Gagne’s model. de Villiers, M. (2007). An action research approach to the design, development and evaluation of an interactive e-learning tutorial in sustainable, a cognitive domain. Vandalism Essay! Journal of Information Technology Education , 6 , 455-479. This article contains research about e-learning software designed in the cognitive domain. Divorce! This is vandalism essay a case study about the in "Ethan University of South Africa and some of their CAI software. This article is a good article because it provides a good example of the use of cognitive theories in instructional design. Dillon, P. (2004). Vandalism Essay! Trajectories and tensions in the theory of Case, information and communication technology in vandalism essay, education. British Journal of Educational Studies, 52 (2), 138-150. Dillon explores the assumptions and influence constructivism on information and communication technology in Case Analysis, education. Vandalism Essay! He also looks at what is the of an economic system? how the different forms of constructivism are interacting with technology and information. Dillon magnifies the vandalism current issues regarding the about Tax Exemtion Case Analysis field of ICT which includes information and communication technology and vandalism essay educational technology, and the good finding coherent theoretical guidelines in the context of vandalism, acquiring knowledge. Free Mp3 Com! He dissects social constructivism, situativity, action-theoretical constructivism, and the information transmission approach and their uses in vandalism, the ICT field. He makes apparent glaring holes in the theoretical fabric defining ICT under one learning approach. Willie Lomax! Dillon promotes an “ecology of essay, ideas” where “competing ideas can exit simultaneously” as research continues and the theory behind ICT in education evolves. This article focuses on ecologically the use of portable digital media players, especially iPods in essay, education platforms. Free Mp3 Com! It explores the use of vandalism, this technology along with the individual use and individual learning environments. Information is provided on current research and sustainable establishes that current research focuses on the use of mobile technologies infused within the classroom or outside learning environment. The article goes on vandalism essay to provide various studies and Essay about Tax Exemtion implementations from many different areas of education. Each of these examples included a short synopsis of the research results. Essay! In conclusion, the article states that iPods are being used and are the main pedagogy of choice and that students are learning from them. It also goes on to establish that little research has been done that demonstrates the efficiency of the willie lomax mobile devices. This article provided a great deal of information for the reader. Vandalism Essay! The portion of the willie lomax article that seems to have the most relevance was hidden in vandalism, the article. As Hell In "Ethan Frome" By Edith Wharton Essay! The discovery of high and low working memory in vandalism essay, regards to the efficiency of iPods was provided at the very end of the article which may not be the best place for the information. Ely, D. (2008). Frameworks of educational technology. British Journal of function economic system?, Educational Technology, 39 (2), 245-250. Ely reviews the way in vandalism essay, which learning theories have contributed or amended the what function of an system? field of educational technology. Through this review, Ely explains how this causes difficulty in defining the field of essay, educational technology. The article answers many questions regarding why confusion exists behind learning with technology and theoretical foundations. Essay Tax Exemtion! The article points out essay, that many find disagreement in what educational technology actually is and explains why defining the field is is the function of an system? difficult. This paper examines different ID models such as ASSURE and Robert Gagne. Vandalism Essay! This paper is the good divorce a good resource when researching different Constructivist design models. It is important to note the essay differences between these models. This paper is a good analysis of these models and the theories that drive them. Felten, P. (2008). Free Mp3 Com! Visual literacy. Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning , 40 (6), 60-64 . Felten examines the connection between visual literacy and essay emerging technologies and how they are becoming central to communication. It also reviews the study of physiological and cognitive systems involved in visual perception. Ecologically! The exploration of vandalism, visual cognition and perception will support the the good divorce relationship between visual literacy and cognitive learning theories. Fox, E. J. Vandalism! (2006). Functional contextualism in learning and instruction : Pragmatic science or objectivism revisited . Educational Technology Research and Development, 54 (1), 5-36. This article suggests the idea of constructivist instructional design is free mp3 com not as effective as functional contextualism. The author advocates this new theory, not as a replacement but as an upgrade to essay constructivism. The author feels that constructivist instructional design is over used. Is contextualism merely an objectivist idea renamed? Some critics of this article suggest it could be. The author advocates functional contextualism over constructivism, however this view is not a widely held view by willie lomax, a majority of instructional designers. Freitas, S. d., & Neumann, T. (2009). The use of ‘exploratory learning’ for essay, supporting immersive learning in what function of an, virtual environments. Essay! Computers & Education , 52 (2), 343-352. The use of willie lomax, ‘exploratory learning’ for supporting immersive learning in vandalism essay, virtual environments presents an overview of an exploratory (or experiential as the authors use both terms) learning model (EML) developed by as Hell Frome" by Edith Wharton, the authors. The EML was designed to vandalism essay assist instructors in Influence on Body Essay, reevaluating how they teach in essay, virtual environments and in producing more engaging curricula. Developed based on Kolb’s constructivist experiential learning model, the willie lomax EML endeavors to shift the classroom focus from just content delivery to looking at essay entire learning experiences. About! According to the authors, "Teaching in vandalism, these contexts provides less emphasis upon willie lomax, curriculum and more emphasis upon sequencing learning experiences, meta-reflection, peer assessment and group work.” The authors presented a very thorough overview of the EML model and its relationship to essay prior theories; however, the case studies and willie lomax conclusions presented were not as strong. Vandalism Essay! The authors presented two case studies, both medically themed games. While the the good authors relate the case studies back to vandalism essay the EML model, I do not feel that they did a very good job in what is the of an system?, breaking down the vandalism game to match the about Tax Exemtion Analysis various components of their theory; they took a broad stroke approach to the comparison rather than a granular one. Vandalism! Overall the paper presented a strong background and support base for their EML model, further research on the effectiveness of the Essay about Case theory would be a nice addition to the support of this model. Vandalism! Like several of the other papers presented in this bibliography, the willie lomax EML is rooted in vandalism, constructivist principals, and I believe it will be a nice tie in Essay about Tax Exemtion Case, with my research topic. Freitas, S., Oliver, M. Mee, A. & Mayes, T. (2007). Vandalism Essay! The practitioner perspective on the modeling of by Edith Wharton, pedagogy and practice. Vandalism! Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 24, 26-38. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2729.2007.00241.x. This article evaluates the Becta (British Educational Communication Technology Agency) learning model MEEL (Modeling Effective E-Learning) as explored by K-12 teachers, Post-16 educators, and community learners. Starkfield As Hell By Edith Wharton! This model, being presented as a work in progress, was molded and vandalism apprised by divorce, the three different groups both prior to vandalism essay and after using the model. Garris, R., Ahlers, R., & Driskell, J. E. (2002). Games, motivation, and learning: A research and practice model. Truth! Simulation & Gaming , 33 (4), 441-467. Vandalism Essay! DOI: 10.1177/1046878102238607. In this paper Garris et al. provide a through overview of the current state of educational gaming research, their proposed model based on Essay that research, as well as a comprehensive discussion of their model and vandalism future directions. Educational games have been poorly defined since their incorporation into the classroom, however as we shift towards a more student centered approach to learning, they are becoming more popular. This article sought to sustainable explore how and why games interest and motivate students as well as how they impact student achievement. Through a well-cited literature review the authors identified six aspects that are important to the success of an essay academic game’s ability to foster intrinsic motivation, flow, and learning. The characteristics identified were: fantasy, rules/goals, sensory stimuli, challenge, mystery, and is the function control. Vandalism! A game that adequately addresses all six of willie lomax, these characteristics should be better equipped at essay helping a player to enter, what the willie lomax authors have called, and a game cycle. A game cycle is a cyclical process involving user judgment, an elicited behavior, followed by immediate feedback through which the vandalism user gains some knowledge. I found this paper to be well-written and what is the system? very thorough. The educational gaming model they suggest appears to be soundly rooted in vandalism essay, theory aligning nicely with Kolb’s theory of experiential learning, the Case zone of vandalism, proximal development, as well as other theories of constructivist learning. Due to Essay Historical Truth the nature of this paper, the vandalism impact of the good, games on learning theory is essay not directly investigated but the findings of this paper reinforce the materials presented in the good divorce, Digital game-based learning: Towards an essay experiential gaming model (Kiili, 2005). Garrison, D.R. (1993). Quality and access in Case Analysis, distance education: Theoretical consideration. In D. Essay! Keegan (Ed.), Theoretical Principles of Distance Education (pp. Medias On Body Essay! 9-21). New York: Routledge. In this article, D. Essay! Randy Garrison proposes that discussion and debate of function of an system?, distance education centers around two main topics: quality and accessibility. Vandalism Essay! Garrison argues that these concerns are really not helpful and can even distract from is the of an economic both theoretical and practical understanding of essay, distance education. He states that the distance or separation is overemphasized, and willie lomax the only essay real difference between distance and ecologically non-distance learning is that there is a mediator in distance learning. The quality and essay accessibility of education are not determined by the distance between teacher and free mp3 com student, but the essay methodologies that are employed in instruction. Gemino, A., & Parker, D. (2009). Use case diagrams in support of use case modeling: deriving understanding from the willie lomax picture. Vandalism! Journal of Database Management , 20 (1), 1-24. Gemino’s study uses UML use case modeling and about The Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning to hypothesize that the essay inclusion of the good, a diagram (visual) in instruction enhances learning. The paper supports the vandalism use of graphic representations in conjunction with text to create more effective learning environments. Sustainable! This paper relates to my research topic by vandalism essay, introducing a theory that applies to ecologically digital visual literacy. Gerber, S., & Scott, L. Vandalism Essay! (2007). Designing a learning curriculum and technology’s role in free mp3 com, it. Educational Technology Research & Development , 55 (5), 461-478. This article details the process that was undertaken in essay, developing and Wharton online master’s course. The course designer’s and the author’s give insight into their decisions for the course construction using social constructivism. Essay! Students were asked to participate and consider themselves JPF’s or “Just Plain Folks” as the course was designed to ecologically introduce students to research methodologies. Vandalism! The authors point out that often online courses, specifically the constructivism approach, focus too much on the technology and the curriculum is designed around the technology instead of ecologically sustainable, using the technology. The authors took an vandalism interesting approach in using cell phones to facilitate spontaneous answers. They sent text messages to students at on Body Essay random times. The students were to leave a voicemail with their response. Essay! The voicemail was then transcribed and is the of an economic made available to the rest of the class. This was an interesting approach and vandalism was designed to sustainable make the student’s responses more spontaneous. Essay! Other approaches were the use of bulletin boards and sustainable online reading assignments. Gibson, S., & Skaalid, B. Essay! (2004). Teacher professional development to promote constructivist uses of the Internet: a study of one graduate-level course. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 12 (4), 577-592. Gibson and Skiaalid describe a case study of educators in about, a graduate level course experiencing and vandalism essay learning about the good divorce constructivism. The teachers were engaged in activities based on constructive theory then challenged to vandalism create activities for their classrooms. The course challenged the teachers’ views of as Hell in "Ethan by Edith Essay, constructive or student centered learning particularly dealing with the Internet. Vandalism Essay! The study offers opinions of in-service teachers dealing with constructivism in the classroom. The article lacks specific statistics and focuses more on sustainable a qualitative research. Gokool-Ramdoo, S. (2008). Beyond the vandalism theoretical impasse: extending the as Hell in "Ethan Frome" by Edith Wharton Essay applications of transactional distance theory. International Review of Research in essay, Open and the good Distance Learning, 9 (3), 1-17. This article discusses Transactional Distance Theory which is vandalism a theory that in mainly connected to ecologically distance learning. Vandalism Essay! The author proposes that TDT can be adopted as a global theory for distance learning. The Good! These claims are supported by the use of essay, comparing other theories within this field with TDT and showing that these other theories can be placed under TDT successfully. The author also suggests that TDT can also help with the creation of Medias on Body Essay, policy and quality control issues in distance education. Vandalism! As TDT is connected to the area of distance education it is what of an economic very much connected to the use of technology as this is the manner of content distribution. Vandalism Essay! This theory also supports the idea that learning will occur based on a give and take between the teacher and learner where the Tax Exemtion Case learner takes on more responsibility for their own learning. Vandalism! The communication and the good interactions between the learner and vandalism essay teacher make the transactional distance between them shorten and willie lomax thus improves learning. The overall result of this process is the essay creation of an autonomous learner. This paper mentions some connections with other learning theories but doesn’t do it that well. I include this paper as it discuses TDT which is a theory that relies heavily on the good divorce technology and its use to vandalism essay promote learning. Essay About Historical! In this article Sushita Gokool-Ramdoo, of the University of South Australia, proposes that Transactional Distance Theory, or TDT, be accepted as a global theory in development of distance education programs. Gokool-Ramdoo claims that TDT is the vandalism essay most comprehensive theory, incorporating other widely-discussed theoretical perspectives and expanding further. In demonstrating how TDT transitions learning from ecologically a behaviorist to vandalism constructivist, Gokool-Ramdoo appeals to a broader audience of theoretical opinion. She also contends that TDT can be applied to other approaches to learning such as ADDIE. Gold, S. (2001). A constructivist approach to ecologically sustainable online training for online teachers. Vandalism Essay! Journal for Essay Tax Exemtion Case Analysis, Asynchronous Learning Networks, 5(1), 35-57. Retrieved February 28, 2009 from http://www.aln.org/publications/jaln/v5n1/pdf/v5n1_gold.pdf. Sanford Gold earned his M.Ed. in Instructional Technology and Ed.D in Politics and Education from Teachers College, Columbia University. He has served has Project Manager in the Distance Learning Department at Prudential Securities University. This article analyzes a two week workshop taken by vandalism essay, professors who are beginning the transformation from teaching in about Tax Exemtion Case Analysis, a traditional classroom to vandalism teaching an online course. The workshop is based on constructivist teaching methods. Essay About Analysis! The creators of the workshop felt an vandalism essay effective online teacher needs to about Historical Truth experience taking an online course first or they will just continue teaching the same way online as in vandalism essay, their traditional courses. Essay About! A result of taking the workshop was professors shifted to vandalism more of free mp3 com, a constructivist learning environment and vandalism reported feeling an online environment was actually more interactive than their traditional classrooms. The article identified three key fundamental roles of online moderators: organization, social, and intellectual. Huang (2002) identified the need for what is the function of an system?, instructors to address the problem of vandalism essay, social isolation of the Essay about Truth online learner to vandalism ensure quality learning environments. Gulati, S. (2008). In "Ethan Frome"! Compulsory participation in vandalism, online discussions: Is this constructivism or normalization of learning? Innovations in Starkfield as Hell Frome" Wharton, education and teaching international , 45 (2), 183-192. This article gives an vandalism overview of the philosophy of constructivism in education. The author stresses that there is Essay Historical Truth a shift from facts to models where learners are to vandalism rely on Essay Historical Truth their experiences in acquiring new knowledge. Vandalism! Education should move from a linear approach where content is free mp3 com delivered and assignments are given in vandalism, which the willie lomax learner receives instruction from the teacher and essay gets tested on their retention. Figures for the linear and the more complex constructivist approach is the good given and illustrated. Essay! Instead learners should be given the Case opportunity to essay be more active in the learning process. One way this is willie lomax often accomplished is through online discussions whether chats or message boards. Vandalism Essay! The author investigates the silent observer and reasons why this type of learner does not feel comfortable enough to post to the class forums. As Hell In "Ethan Frome" Essay! Careful consideration should be paid to the learning environment and making the vandalism learners feel safe and part of an divorce online group. This article points to essay the teacher’s role as a facilitator specifically in how they relate to online discussions. If a goal of constructivism is for learners to Essay Historical form knowledge, then the participants should feel free to voice their opinions. Vandalism Essay! The role of the teacher, if too restrictive or overburdening, may hamper this discussion. Who has the Influence “power” in vandalism essay, the online courses, as with all forms of free mp3 com, education, will have an essay effect on about Historical the impact and the learning that takes place. Although structure may be required, the vandalism learners should be free to Essay about Tax Exemtion select topics and feel free to add to online discussions. Gulbahar, Y. (2008). Improving the technology integration skills of vandalism essay, prospective teachers through practice: A case study. What Economic! Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology , 7 (4) , 1-11. Essay! Retrieved on April 29, 2009 from http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01/0000019b/80/42/a0/1b.pdf. Gulbahar did a study on the perspective of teachers and Essay about Truth integrating technology. Vandalism! His results where done from pre-service teachers and their beliefs and attitudes of having technology in the classroom. The overall thought of about Truth, pre-service teachers was that technology had to vandalism essay be part of free mp3 com, their classroom. Hannafin, M. Vandalism! J. (2006). Functional contextualism in learning and ecologically sustainable instruction : Pragmatic science or objectivism revisited? Educational Technology Research and Development , 54 (1), 37-41. This article argues that the essay constructivist approach to instructional design may not be as effective as the traditional design models. Medias On Body! It also suggests that several designers have taken a bandwagon approach to constructivist instructional design. The commentary also proposes this new idea of functional contextualism may be a revisit of vandalism essay, objectivism. Hannafin, M. The Good! J., & Land, S. Vandalism Essay! M. Truth! (2000). Student-centered learning environments. In D. Essay! Jonassen & S. Land (Eds.), Theoretical foundations of learning environments (pp. 1-23). Willie Lomax! Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Through their individual research as professors, Hannafin and Land collaborate to use constructivist theories to build a better connection between teaching, learning, and technology. They make comparisons between existing learning environments and provide a framework for utilizing those most consistent with constructivism. However, they provide information about essay concerns with inquiry-based learning as well, a specific example being learned helplessness. Starkfield By Edith Wharton Essay! Hannafin and Land demonstrate through their own research that students have become so dependent on vandalism essay traditional learning/teaching practices that they rely heavily upon about, external sources and vandalism essay that inquiry-based learning can fail the learner if there is not proper scaffolding. This is an argument for Medias on Body Image Essay, more of vandalism, a blending of sustainable, methodologies. This chapter explores the vandalism essay similarities and differences of student-centered learning environments with the ecologically renewed interest in vandalism, constructivist learning environments. Willie Lomax! It also addresses technology as both enabling and extending pedagogical approaches such as the creation of vandalism essay, graphical images to illustrate a system however cautions that the free mp3 com capabilities of technology may yield to problems in grounding designs with established theories. Hansford, D., Adlington, R. Vandalism! (2009). Digital spaces and young people's online authoring: Challenges for free mp3 com, teachers. Vandalism! Australian Journal of willie lomax, Language & Literacy , 32 (1), 55-68. In Digital spaces and young people's online authoring, Hansford and Adlington argue for the inclusion of multimodal text in education. Citing research from authors such as Gee and Prensky, Hansford and Adlington assert that it is pedagogically important that students of this generation to be able to express themselves with digital text. The argument if also made that digital texts are engaging and poses a level of social relevancy to the lives of students making digital texts a great target for leveraging in the classroom. This article calls for essay, teachers to reevaluate their current definitions of effective writing and sustainable reconsider writing assessment. Essay! Multiple scenarios are outlines where instructors have successfully harnessed wiki writing within their classrooms and a set of challenges to educators are outlined. While this was a fairly interesting read I found the paper to be a bit biased towards the incorporation of new media into the classroom, perhaps at Essay Truth the expense of the old, without a thorough consideration of the ramifications of moving away from conventional definitions of essay, literacy. Willie Lomax! While I feel that we do need to consider new forms of essay, literacy I am not sure I am yet willing to Essay about Historical sacrifice the old to bring in the new; perhaps a more tempered approach that leverages the vandalism affordances of divorce, new digital texts while still conveying the concepts of syntax, grammar, etc. Vandalism Essay! would be more appropriate. The paper also failed to directly address why digital texts would be beneficial for students learning; aside from arguing that students are already participating in Truth, this type of vandalism essay, activity and willie lomax like it, Hansford and Adlington fail to vandalism present a model of Case Analysis, learning that could support their argument. Harper, B., Squieres, D., and McDougall, A. (2000). Constructivist simulations: A new design paradigm. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia , 9 (2), 115-130. Simulations were first used in education in the late 1950’s, but until recently, their popularity had declined. Vandalism! The first simulations were classified as “symbolic”. They were passive in nature and did not support constructivist learning. Starkfield As Hell In "Ethan! New multimedia technologies allow for essay, experiential simulations in which the learning can carry out an Medias Influence on Body Essay authentic role more closely replicating real world tasks. In this article the authors suggest that a hybrid pedagogy combining aspects of both the symbolic and experiential simulations has evolved. This article supports my research focus by vandalism, providing additional information the is the economic system? educational theories that educational simulations are based on. Other articles discussed experiential simulations but not symbolic ones. This source is a bit outdated but still provides valuable information. Specific credentials of the essay authors are not noted, this would have been helpful for Essay about Historical, evaluating the credibility of the information. Hayne, S. C., & Smith, C. (2008). The relationship between e-collaboration and cognition. In L. Tomei, Online and vandalism Distance Learning: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications (pp. 601-617). Hershey: Information Science Reference (an imprint of IGI Global). The authors of this article makes several proposals that will help to Starkfield as Hell Wharton Essay facilitate e-collaboration. Essay! The article discusses theories such as Distributed Cognition, Transactive Memory, Stimulating structures, Template Theory and memory chunks to paint a picture of Historical Truth, how to create an e-collaboration system that will ultimately reduce the amount of cognitive load for its participants. Vandalism Essay! This allows more cognitive power to Frome" Essay be directed to solving problems and therefore the group becomes more productive. The information in vandalism, this article is relevant because it discusses the willie lomax idea within Distributed Cognition that certain information can be off loaded from the cognitive processors onto vandalism an artifact for easy retrieval when needed. It also suggests that a technology-based collaboration system may allow, with the proper set up, groups to become more productive, thus supporting the on Body Image idea that technology rich learning environments are helpful to the cognitive process. Vandalism! The author uses many examples to ecologically sustainable support his distributed socio-technical system which is essay a learning environment that promises to improve group performance. This article relates to methods for evaluating learning environments from the viewpoint of constructivism. Is The Function! An evaluation of social constructivism is given and vandalism related to how learners are challenged to the good solve problems. Vandalism! The author relates a method for willie lomax, evaluating the vandalism essay learning environment using a scorecard with the following criteria: Interactive Learning, Collaborative Learning, Facilitating Learning, Authentic Learning, Learner Centered Learning, and ecologically High Quality Learning. Vandalism! The scorecard assigns points to each of the Essay Truth criteria to evaluate how strictly the environment adheres to the constructivist approach. Vandalism Essay! This scorecard was evaluated and the results shown for what system?, an online masters course. This article and the scorecard presented is useful as a starting point for vandalism, evaluating online content and gives some solid recommendations on establishing an online learning environment. Willie Lomax! Teachers are to facilitate learning and essay create a safe environment for students to dialogue. This is sometimes a fine line as teachers can disrupt the critical safe environment by not being able to manage the learning environment. This is the good a shift in thinking as teachers are challenged to vandalism move from willie lomax teacher-centered to teacher as facilitator. Higdon, J., & Topaz, C. (2009, Spring2009). Essay! Blogs and about Tax Exemtion wikis as instructional tools: A social software adaptation of just-in-time teaching. College Teaching , 57 (2), 105-110. Blogs and Wikis as Instructional Tools: A Social Software Adaptation of Just-in-Time Teaching is an overview of how emerging Web2.0 technologies can be used to support the vandalism Just in what is the function, Time Teaching (JiTT) methodology. Higdon and Topaz propose a generalized approach to JiTT that leverages blogging as a means of student data gathering and vandalism aggregation. The article focuses on educator concerns that arise from the good making the shift to a model such as blogging enhanced JiTT and therefore spends a bit of vandalism, time providing “tips” on how to make the Essay model work in the classroom. The tips seem appropriate; however they are anecdotal and vandalism essay seemed a bit out of the good divorce, place in vandalism, the article. The authors also spend some time relating the free mp3 com blogging enhanced JiTT model to constructivist learning theory. Vandalism Essay! In general this paper seems sound, but it is what is the function economic extremely under-cited; the authors rely almost exclusively on a single source for vandalism essay, the entire paper which makes the Starkfield in "Ethan by Edith Wharton paper seem under-researched. Hill, A. Essay! M., & Smith, H. E. Starkfield In "Ethan By Edith Essay! (1998). Vandalism Essay! Practice meets theory in technology education: A case of authentic learning in in "Ethan Frome" Wharton, the high school setting. Vandalism Essay! Journal of Technology Education, 9 (2), 29-45. Hill and Essay about Truth Smith are among the faculty at Queen’s University in Ontario, Canada. They received a grant to sponsor their studies of how specific secondary schools have successfully integrated technology into curricula and of the underlying educational theories involved. Drawing information from their case studies and essay data collection, they concluded that constructivist practices led to more meaningful learning. Their case studies were specific to the science classroom, however, and Starkfield as Hell in "Ethan Essay did not summarize findings about project-based learning in vandalism essay, any of the sustainable other disciplines. Hilty, D.M., Alverson, D.C., Alpert, J.E., Tong, L., Sagduyu, K., Boland, R.J., Mostaghimi, B.S., Leamon, M.L., & Fidler, D. (2006). Virtual reality, telemedicine, web, and data processing innovations in medical and psychiatric education and vandalism essay clinical care. Academic Psychiatry, 30 (6), 528-533. Technology alone is not sufficient to as Hell in "Ethan Frome" Wharton Essay support the vandalism learning process and the importance of the divorce underlying learning pedagogy cannot be ignored. This article discusses the pros and essay cons of several emerging technologies including virtual reality and willie lomax telemedicine applicable to psychiatric education and vandalism essay clinical care. An important point brought up by this article not addressed in others that I have reviewed is the potential use of simulations in Medias Influence Essay, supplementing objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) commonly used for clinical assessment in vandalism essay, medical and willie lomax psychiatric education as well as recently implemented at chiropractic institutions. This article supports my research focus and vandalism provides specific examples of simulation technologies utilized in various universities. It is free mp3 com a good starting point for exploration of various simulation technologies through the essay high quality peer-reviewed references. These authors are highly credentialed, associated with reputable medical universities and the article appears in a peer-reviewed publication. Hodgkinson-Williams, C., Sieborger, I., & Slay, H. (2008). Developing communities of practice within and outside higher education institutions. British Journal of the good, Educational Technology, 39 (3), 442-443. This article discusses collaboration within the vandalism experiences of what of an system?, two African higher education institutions involved in the e-Yethu project. Essay! The collaboration addressed in this project included students of two universities, government, communities, business, and educators. The article is based in Influence on Body Essay, social constructivism. Vandalism! The authors present both the challenges and opportunities found when higher education institutions use information and communication technologies in Starkfield as Hell Essay, a collaborative effort through the introduction of a new educational technology project, e-Yethu. Vandalism Essay! Following the ecologically C4P framework for communities of vandalism, practice, the authors dissect the project within the sustainable areas of conversation, content, connections, and essay context. Hoic-Bozic, N. Influence! (2009). A blended learning approach to course design and essay implementation. IEEE Transactions on Education, 52 (1), 19-30. This article is is the system? very comprehensive in its description of how learning theories can be applied to online course design and in vandalism, the various approaches to as Hell Frome" by Edith Wharton Essay implementing the essay learning activities. In addition to constructivism, the ecologically authors tie in the theories of vandalism essay, behaviorism and cognitivism. The authors argue that all three theories are applied to successful online learning environments. Divorce! Pedagogical foundations are investigated and vandalism essay methods for integrated online learning into courses are discussed including courses that are offered wholly online. The authors detail their research with an ecologically online course management system called AHyCo. Vandalism Essay! It is willie lomax not necessary to vandalism essay use this learning managements system in order to find the article applicable to other systems. As Hell By Edith Wharton Essay! They use the system in a blended approach in which some content is vandalism offered online while there is still face to as Hell in "Ethan Frome" Wharton Essay face interaction between the course members. The article states that this blended approach can be used where there is vandalism essay a desire to undertake online learning in a more traditional classroom. This article makes a valid point that more than one learning theory can be integrated in order to make online learning successful. It is what of an certainly not enough to take traditional lecture and tests and add them online. An emphasis on essay activity on the student’s part is one of the willie lomax tenants of the theories discussed. Holzinger, A., Kickmeier-Rust, M.D., Wassertheurer, S., and Hessinger, M. Essay! (2009). Learning performance with interactive simulations in medical education: Lessons learned from as Hell Frome" Essay results of learning complex physiological models with the HAEMOdynamics SIMulator. Computers & Education , 52 , 292-301. This study compared learning outcomes between medical physiology content taught via textbook only, simulation only and combined simulation/additional support material. Results showed equivalent results between simulation and textbook and significantly better learning outcomes with the combined approach. This article is very pertinent to my research focus and provides evidence that can be used to enhance learning occurring with the use of vandalism, simulations. On Body! The authors of this peer-reviewed article are highly qualified and the reference list is peer-reviewed and extensive. Much of the information in this article is comparable to other works I have reviewed. However, this is the only article that compares learning results obtained teaching with simulations alone to vandalism essay textbook or combined methods and ecologically sustainable emphasizes the importance of the knowledge the student brings into the simulation experience as well as the importance of vandalism, guidance provided by the instructor. Hratinski, S. (2008, June). A theory of Essay about Historical, online learning as online participation. Computers & Education, 52 , 78-82. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2008.06.009. In this article Stefan Hratinski proposes his theory of vandalism, online learning as online participation. He bases his theory on about Historical both constructivist and essay social perspective of learning. He argues that these are often pitted against Medias Essay each other in theoretical discussion, but in the context of vandalism, online participation they can actually work together: individuals’ engagement in learning experiences in Medias, enhanced by social interaction. Hratinski defines participation as interaction not only vandalism essay between instructors as learners, but also as interaction between learners and internal dialogue learners have with themselves. By Edith Wharton! Hratinski presents research concluding that “learners participating in collaborative or group learning were related with as high or higher learning outcome as those in vandalism, traditional settings” and divorce measured learning as “perceived learning, grades, tests, and quality of essay, performances and assignments.” Hratinski presents his conclusions as based on empirical evidence, although some may see “perceived learning” as subjective. Huang, H. Is The Of An Economic System?! (2002). Toward constructivism for adult learners in online learning environments. British Journal of Educational Technology , 33 (1), 27-37. Hsiu-Mei Huang is an vandalism essay Associate Professor of the good, Management Science at National Taichung Institute of Technology in vandalism, Taiwan. There are seven issues facing online educators trying to free mp3 com provide a constructivist learning environment to vandalism essay distance learners. These barriers can cause social isolation which is willie lomax the opposite of what social constructivism learning environments should be providing its learners. When instructors are aware of the barriers, they can take steps to vandalism address them when designing their course materials and choosing a course management system. Huitt, W. What Of An! (2006). Vandalism Essay! Social cognition. Educational Psychology Interactive . Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved Mar. 13, 2009, from http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/soccog/soccog.html . Huitt provides a brief but concise explanation of ecologically, social cognition. He mentions the vandalism essay many theorists associated with social cognition and willie lomax briefly mentions their theories. The article is well cited by credible resources. Vandalism Essay! The purpose of this article is to define and about Historical Truth introduce social cognition. This article provides a starting point for my research focus. Hung, D., Looi, C.K., & Koh, T.S. Vandalism Essay! (2004). Medias Influence Image Essay! Situated cognition and essay communities of practice: First-person "lived experiences" vs. Free Mp3 Com! third-person perspectives. Educational Technology & Society, 7(4), 193-200. The authors of this article use the vandalism ideas presented in the good divorce, Being and Time , a book by Martin Heidegger, to vandalism essay connect the ideas of Communities of Practice with the learning theory of Situated Cognition. What Function Of An! They even go as far as to say that theoretical foundations for Situated Cognition can be given by his writings. This article presents enough examples to support their claims and weaves an interesting and thought- provoking web of ideas which leave one wanting to know more about Situated Cognition. Vandalism! They then delve into the implications of Educational Technologies such as communicative technologies, such as the one created on the Internet, Virtual worlds, video technologies and concept and mind mapping technologies. Divorce! For each technology they provide a brief statement as to how it is helping cognition in the learning community. This article presents a lot of the same information on Situated Cognition as do the vandalism others but at a deeper level. The implications for educational technology section give ideas for Starkfield as Hell in "Ethan Frome" Wharton Essay, uses and integration by learners in the learning community. Jonassen, D.H. Essay! (2006). Free Mp3 Com! Revisiting activity theory as a framework for designing student-centered learning environments. Vandalism! In Jonassen, D.H. Influence! & Land, S.M.(Eds.), Theoretical foundations of learning environments (pp. 89-121). Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. This chapter deals with the activity theory and student-centered learning environments. Student-centered learning is a basis of constructivism. Vandalism Essay! One of the basics of free mp3 com, web-based instructional design is making the vandalism design student-centered. This idea follows closely with other constructivist ideas. Even in the instructional design field it is willie lomax important to essay keep in mind the student-centered learning environments and Essay about Truth how the activity theory would apply. Even though activity theory may seem like the best idea for learning, the author stresses the analysis of the essay activity needs to be conducted to make sure no contradictions are evident. Free Mp3 Com! Based upon the data collected through the essay development of his own student-centered learning environment (SCLE), Jonassen concludes that the as Hell Frome" Wharton more engaging the student experience is, the better the understanding of the experience. The SCLE that was developed in order to arrive at vandalism essay this conclusion was made in order to Starkfield Essay provide students in a college of business with practice in vandalism essay, aggregate planning. Sustainable! Jonassen argues that SCLEs are technology-supported learning environments which support collaboration among learners. SCLEs are described in vandalism, terms of free mp3 com, activity theory, which argues that students cannot understand something without acting on it. This is actually an argument against other entries in this bibliography, as it goes against the theory that students must have a knowledge base before learning to use the knowledge. Jonassen reflects upon the works of vandalism essay, many resources, and draws upon his own published research as well. What Function Of An System?! Chapter 4 in this text defines activity theory, discusses how this theory relates to student-centered (constructivist) learning environments, and vandalism essay outlines a process for as Hell in "Ethan by Edith Essay, applying activity theory to these environments. Certain aspects of this chapter are related to my research focus. Essay! For example, there is a great deal of information on constructivist theories as related to free mp3 com case-based learning and simulations in health professional education are often related to cases. Essay! However, activity theory is supported with a business education model quite different from the health care model of the good divorce, my research focus. This is vandalism a credible source and the author of the chapter (Jonassen) has published extensively in peer-reviewed literature on divorce constructivist theories in vandalism, education. The constructivist information contained in this chapter is consistent with other sources I have reviewed, but I do not recall activity theory being mentioned elsewhere. Although the book is willie lomax somewhat dated (2000) , this does not appear to essay affect the validity of the basic concepts that it describes. More up-to-date examples based on new software applications would have been helpful. The Good Divorce! Also, comparison to models other than the business model may have helped with understanding. In this article David H. Vandalism Essay! Jonassen discussed activity theory within the framework of Image, student centered learning environments. Jonassen describes activity theory as the interdependence of conscious processes of the mind and performance of activity. Activity theory relies on the cooperation of learners, learning context and community, expectations and tools. Online learning can be assumed to vandalism be one of these tools that subjects of learning may utilize. Jonassen, D.H. (2006). Distributed cognitions, by nature and by Starkfield as Hell in "Ethan Frome" Wharton, design. In Jonassen, D.H. Vandalism Essay! & Land, S.M. (Eds.), Theoretical foundations of sustainable, learning environments (pp. 123-146). Vandalism Essay! Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Distributed cognition is Essay about Tax Exemtion Case a theoretical framework for vandalism, the investigation of learning communities composed of willie lomax, both humans and technologies. Essay! The theory of distributed cognition is similar to social constructivism; however, unlike social constructivism distributed cognition considers, and is sensitive to, the needs of both the individual learner and the group. Divorce! Jonassen expressed this idea by stating that the focus of the “the distributed cognition framework is that is argues for shifting the vandalism essay designer’s unit of analysis away from that of the individual engaged in Medias Influence Image, cognition-in-the-mind to essay a consideration of individuals engaged in cognitive activity within social and ecologically sustainable material contexts” (p. Essay! 133). I think distributed cognition has an interesting relationship with web 2.0 technologies in particular. Wikis and blogs offer a phenomenal resource for individuals participating in the good, distributed cognition as they can serve as technological mediators and repositories. I think the framework of vandalism essay, distributed cognition was an interesting tie in with the paper by Beldarrain (2006) because it gave me a new way to look at Essay Tax Exemtion Analysis the information that was presented in that paper. Jung, I. (2001). Building a theoretical framework of web-based instruction in vandalism, the context of distance education. Influence Image! British Journal of Education Technology , 32 (5), 525-534. In this article, Insung Jung attempts to move away from the traditional theories of cognitive flexibility, constructivism, and vandalism essay information process theory and develop a new framework for web-based instruction within the context of the more recently emerging transactional distance theory. Transactional distance theory provides a more context specific theoretical base for free mp3 com, web-based distance learning environments and allows facilitators to vandalism essay find a better focus for appropriate instruction. Kafai, Y. The Good Divorce! B., & Resnick, M. Vandalism! (1996). Constructionism in practice: Designing, thinking, and learning in a digital world. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Kafai and free mp3 com Resnick’s book is on the theory of vandalism essay, Constructionism; however, they do discuss social influences on Medias Influence Essay learning and mention the importance of vandalism essay, implementing computers with social interactions as opposed to the student learning directly from the willie lomax computer. They also incorporate and agree with theories of vandalism, Piaget and his assimilation and accommodation. The book is very credible. It contains many references and Truth has been published. I find this book useful in essay, pulling some resources from free mp3 com a constructionist’s point of vandalism, view on social learning. Keengwe, J., Onchwari, G., & Onchwari, J. (2009). Technology and willie lomax student learning: Toward a learner-centered teaching model. Association for the Advancement of vandalism essay, Computing in Education Journal, 17 (1), 11-22. Keengwe, Onchwari and Onchwari argue in ecologically, favor of the vandalism successful implementation of what is the system?, educational technologies in order to promote student-centered learning. They also emphasize, however, that this new shift must be integrated into curricula while preserving the best of traditional learning methods. Essay! They provide specific examples for Starkfield by Edith Wharton, successful integration of student-centered learning through the use of technology as part of vandalism essay, a framework. Keengwe, Onchwari and free mp3 com Onchwari draw upon the published research of other experts in the field to arrive at vandalism essay their conclusions that student-centered learning environments, when utilized with meaningful technology integration that focuses on the diversity of learners, can make the Frome" Wharton learning process much more meaningful. Kiili, K. (2005). Vandalism! Digital game-based learning: Towards an Essay about Case experiential gaming model. The Internet and essay Higher Education , 8 (1), 13. In this paper, Kiili presents a model for educational game development that tie together learning theory, objective driven design, and game development. Case Analysis! With objective driven design at the heart, this experiential gaming model attempts to define the key factors in good educational game design. According to the author, the three largest factors in vandalism, good educational game design are that players are provided with clear objectives, immediate feedback, and about Truth challenged at a level that is within their zone of vandalism, proximal development. Essay About Historical Truth! Kiili postulates that attention to these three areas will increase the vandalism essay probability of a user experiencing flow during game play. Free Mp3 Com! Flow can be described as the ultimate gaming experience, the essay experience of being lost in the moment, and the state of sustainable, flow has been said to vandalism have a positive effect on learning and the good divorce motivation. Kiili does a nice job neatly summarizing his model , and while he focuses greatly on the concepts of games and game play, he never strays too far from vandalism essay his educational focus, neatly tying in Essay about Case Analysis, a great deal of learning theory. Essay! Games are a fantastic medium for problem based, discovery, and experiential learning as they present students with semi-open-ended problems, often in novel environments, which they are then intended to solve. The model presented is intended to be a framework for pedagogically sound game design encompassing these three areas, not the basis for a whole game design process and as such there is function economic little attention paid to the traditional gaming aspects such as: storylines, game balance, and cognitive load. Koetting, J. R., & Januszewski, A. Essay! (1991). Theory building and free mp3 com educational technology: Foundations for vandalism essay, reconceptualization (Report No. Willie Lomax! IR-015 158). Paper presented at the 1991 Annual. The authors Koetting and Januszewski present new thoughts and vandalism essay ideas to the way theories both in general and within educational technology are created. One of the first points that author portray is a reminder that all knowledge and the good learning is essay affected by Essay Truth, who someone is what they already know. These prior knowledge and experiences then make everyone non-neutral when it comes to vandalism new thoughts or ideas. The article continues by focusing on three main points: Why use theory? What is theory? and What kinds of theories are there? The authors seem to be promoting the audience for an open mind and free mp3 com new thoughts on theories in vandalism essay, education technology. This progress would then hopefully lead to a new definition of Medias Influence Image, education technology. Essay! This article relates to my topic because it is a about theories in general, but it does not specifically deal with constructivism or teachers. Free Mp3 Com! This article details the framework necessary to develop a theory for educational technology. Vandalism Essay! The authors draw on research of how theories are developed and Essay Truth how this can be applied to the area of essay, Educational Technology. The Good Divorce! They describe how language has the power to bring about change and essay how theories can be written to free mp3 com also bring about change or to be statements that are not agents for change. Of the vandalism essay four types of theories developed by Ernest Nagel, the authors categorize Educational Technology as fitting into the fourth type, "a systematic analysis of a set of related concepts" that describe "how a given society operates". They argue that this understanding is not in itself a theory but could lead to is the economic the development of a theory. Essay! The authors do not give their definition to the theory Educational Technology, but they do offer an explanation in the difficulty in forming an Starkfield in "Ethan Frome" by Edith Essay accepted theory in the field. Vandalism Essay! As Educational Technology defines itself it is divorce important to keep in mind the main ideas of this article namely is the theory of Educational Technology designed to cause change and essay the development of a theory. Koh, E., & Lim, J. (2008). Free Mp3 Com! The emergence of educational technology. In Impagliazzo, J. (Ed.) Proceedings of the essay Third IFIP Conference on the History of Computing and Education (pp. 99-112). Milano, Italy: Springer. Dr. John Lim and doctoral candidate Elizabeth Koh, from the willie lomax National University of Singapore, focus their research on the history of educational technology or information technology (IT) for education. Vandalism! They trace the function of an beginnings of educational technology and the culture influence of essay, its emergence. They provide a historical account of traditional and modern learning and Essay about instruction theories. Lim and Koh also compare traditional forms of learning and instruction with virtual and modern forms. Vandalism Essay! In addition, they summarize the three main learning theories that influence educational technology, behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism. Willie Lomax! Finally, the authors arrange technology in education into four generations to vandalism easily gain an divorce understanding of vandalism, its influence in modern learning and instructions theories. Kop, R., & Hill, A. (2008). The Good Divorce! Connectivism: Learning theory of the vandalism essay future or vestige of the free mp3 com past? International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 9 (3), 1-13. In this article the vandalism authors discuss the idea of willie lomax, connectivism as a possible learning theory of the vandalism essay digital age. They delve into the question, “Is connectivism a learning theory?” To answer this question the authors look at what previous learning theories are the basis for these new ideas and divorce also use research from vandalism others to Starkfield as Hell by Edith Essay look at what makes a learning theory well constructed. They even go into vandalism essay how learning theories are aligned with epistimologies. At the end they conclude that while connectivism supports new pedagogical practices and helps to Essay about Tax Exemtion create student- centered learning environments, it cannot be considered a new learning theory in itself yet. While connectivism is not a learning theory per se, it does share a lot of the same ideas presented by Distributed Cognition, Socially-Shared Cognition as well as Situated Cognition. Vandalism Essay! In connectivism “learning is the Truth network”. This means that because of the network and the participants that are connected to each other as well as the vandalism essay network itself, learning occurs. You must be actively connected to the learning community in divorce, order for learning to occur. Vandalism Essay! This is yet another theory that supports communication between participants as the best way to learn. In this article, Rita Kop and Adrian Hill analyze the emerging theory of Connectivism. In their analysis, Kop and ecologically Hill question the emerging theory of Connectivism on its validity as a theory and vandalism its relevance to education. Is The Function Of An Economic System?! They question whether a new theory such as this, encompassing new technologies is really necessary, or if traditional theories will suffice. Kop and Hill cite the vandalism essay thoughts of sustainable, Bill Kerr, a critic of Connectivism, in that the theory behind connectivism, internal and external knowledge, has already been addressed in vandalism, Vygotsky’s theory of ecologically, social constructivism. Essay! This point is countered by the work of Downes and Siemens, in that connectivism is the set of willie lomax, connections between internal and external knowledge which could possibly be considered just an argument of semantics. This article investigates the possibility that connectivism is vandalism essay a new learning theory by giving an what function overview of other learning theories including: behaviourism, cognitivism and vandalism essay constructivism. The authors provide a detailed history of learning frameworks and how these theories apply to the good connectivism. In basic terms of learners "connecting to essay and feeding information into Essay Truth a learning community" online learning lends itself very well to this framework. The authors argue that connectivism can be based on previous learning theories. The authors conclude that connectivism should not be considered a new learning theory but should be considered a part of a shift to another learning theory. This article relates to the difficulty of essay, forming an Educational Technology theory. Essay Case Analysis! Based on the article by Koetting and Januszewski, connectivism could also be considered the vandalism essay fourth type of theory that describes a process but does not in itself define a new theory. Presented in the blogosphere in 2005, connectivism is Essay Historical Truth a learning theory which to date has received only minimal attention in peer reviewed literature. Vandalism Essay! One potential for sustainable, the limited number of publications surrounding this concept is the debate over whether or not connectivism constitutes a new learning theory. In “Connectivism: Learning Theory of the Future or Vestige of the Past?” Kop and essay Hill thoroughly explore the current view of as Hell Essay, Constructivism both in the field and in essay, the classroom. A large portion of the paper is focused on willie lomax the theory debate surrounding connectivism, but regardless of the debate outcome, one theme keeps emerging: the learning needs of the millennial generation are not being met in the classroom. Vandalism Essay! Connectivism is one theory that aims to rectify this perceived issue. Kop and Hill explore both the free mp3 com pros and cons of vandalism essay, this theory as well as the Essay challenges with integrating such a theory into an educational system that is vandalism essay not set up to handle such a system. This paper is a nice connection between constructivism and the connective affordances of emerging technologies. Kop and Hill’s article discuss the Medias Influence Image learning theory of connectivism. This theory is essay based on making connections with the Essay about Tax Exemtion Analysis community and vandalism essay networking online in on Body Image Essay, order for learning to occur. It is using social networks to vandalism enhance learning. What Is The Of An System?! Though the learning theory has a different name than my paper’s topic, it still provides proof on the benefits of and vandalism the importance of social interactions. I found this article to Case be a very credible source. This article is peer-reviewed and essay contains multiple sources to support its statements. Kress, G. Essay Historical Truth! (2005). Gains and losses: New forms of texts, knowledge and vandalism learning. Willie Lomax! Computers and Composition , 22 (1) 5-22 . Kress explores issues relating to vandalism essay learning and divorce knowledge as the primary form of vandalism, communication moves from text to image. He also discusses apt theories of learning, writing, and meaning and ecologically that the vandalism traditional theories no longer apply. Land, S., & Hannafin, M. (2000). Student-centered learning environments. What Is The Economic! In Jonassen, D.H. & Land, S.M. (Eds.), Theoretical foundations of vandalism, learning environments (pp. Starkfield Frome" By Edith Wharton! 1-23). Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. This chapter defines constructivism and discusses how constructivism fits or fails to essay fit into learning frameworks. Free Mp3 Com! Of key interest is vandalism if the framework is grounded. The authors detail several constructivist methods including Blueprint, in which students are given open-ended problems and Starkfield in "Ethan Frome" by Edith Essay must solve using playground design, and vandalism essay Model It, in which students can model scientific phenomenon. The role of technology to extend the learning possibility is also covered. Technology has often led away from grounded teaching as the learning activities lack a link to constructivism. Essay About Truth! The authors provide a wide variety of examples that are relevant to the classroom especially in terms of technology. They provide several specific programs that explain how these programs can work for vandalism essay, students. The work also shows areas in ecologically, which the constructivist approach may fall short especially where students make incorrect assumptions about what is being seen. As the authors state a shift to this type of vandalism essay, instruction involves, in some cases, a change of the divorce entire educational system to truly function as a grounded constructivist environment. Land and Hannafin offer an introduction to student-centered learning environments through the prospective of vandalism essay, grounded design. The Good! The authors point out what main ideas are needed like verified and practiced methods. Also in this chapter are some of the downfalls of constructivism and vandalism student centered learning environments. A main road block being students wanting to know what the answers are and if it will be on the test. On Body! Land and vandalism Hannafin offer some K-12 classroom examples of student- centered learning environments. Although the chapter does not focus on the good teachers, I feel that it gives a good basis for essay, a definition of constructivism as well as the positives and negatives. The chapter will not become the main focus of the research, but will help define and sustainable summarize constructivism. Lee, M. Essay! J. W., Miller, C., Newnham, L. (2008). RSS and sustainable content syndication in higher education: Subscribing to vandalism a new model of Medias on Body Image, teaching and essay learning. Educational Media International , 45 (4), 311. RSS, often dubbed the willie lomax poorer cousin of the Web2.0 family, and its use in higher education is explored. In this article, by Lee et al . the authors explore the potential of essay, RSS to sustainable support student-centered learning environments stressing the theories of connectivism, socially constructivism, and vandalism communities of practice. Using several examples of small learning units, the sustainable authors demonstrate how RSS could be used to support student centered learning environments. While I agree with the vandalism essay authors acceptations that RSS is Essay about Historical Truth not being used to its full potential in education, I do not feel that they made a very strong case for vandalism, the ‘need.’ The authors clearly demonstrate some uses of RSS, but most of the Essay examples they provided could be achieved with alternative technologies. I also feel that Lee et al. failed to demonstrate how incorporation of RSS in particular into the higher ed classroom would constitute a new model of teaching and vandalism essay learning especially when they state: “The examples presented also emphasize that RSS should not be viewed in Essay about, a decontextualised fashion, or in vandalism essay, isolation from free mp3 com other technologies and applications. In fact, syndication technologies may be seen as the conduit connecting or joining the vandalism various “pieces” in a Web framework”. Lewis, T. (2005). What Function Of An Economic! Creativity—A framework for the design/problem solving discourse in technology education. Vandalism Essay! Journal of Technology Education, 17 (1), 35-52. Lewis draws upon the research of an extensive list of resources to draw conclusions about the benefits of learning creatively through educational technology. Lewis outlines theoretical background information which leads to Starkfield Wharton a discussion about the implementation of vandalism, problem-solving practices in Medias Influence on Body Image Essay, education, while summarizing the implications that these practices have on technology education. While no background information about vandalism essay Lewis is provided in by Edith Essay, the article, he is a Professor Emeritus at Ohio State University and vandalism essay is highly acclaimed, with a multitude of published, award-winning works. The Good Divorce! This article is an argument for constructivist practices in the secondary education classroom. Liaw, S. S. (2004). Considerations for developing constructivist web-based learning. Vandalism! International Journal of divorce, Instructional Media , 31 (3), 309. This article provides some ideas in creating instructional design in vandalism, web-based learning. The constructivist approach lends itself to willie lomax web-based learning because it centers on the learner. Vandalism! Constructivism calls for the learner to control the learning process. This is very evident in web-based learning. Instructional designers can apply these ideals to instruction. Liu, Y., & Ginther, D. What Is The Function Of An System?! (1999). Cognitive styles and vandalism distance education. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration , 2. Retrieved March 15, 2009, from http://www.westga.edu/ This review provides an is the function of an system? overview of cognitive styles and its application to vandalism essay the design of distance education taking into consideration sensory preferences and aligning the use of images with teaching styles and cognitive styles. This will support my research by matching digital visual literacy with cognitive styles. Lunenberg, F. Willie Lomax! C. (1998). Constructivism and vandalism essay technology: instructional designs for successful education reform. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 25 (2), 75. Lunenberg discusses the willie lomax theory of essay, constructivism and the principles of constructivist pedagogy. Lunenburg argues that with the free mp3 com integration of technology a constructivist learning environment would allow greater student achievement. He also recognizes the essay current state of education still being in the Industrial Age and not the willie lomax Information Age. Moore, M. Vandalism Essay! G. The Good! (2004). Research worth publishing. The American Journal of Distance Learning, 18 (3), 127-130. Retrieved March 9, 2008 from http://www.ajde.com/Documents/pp127-130.pdf. This editorial is very focused in its message. Those submitting research for publication should include a rationale for essay, their research that is based on the work of other researchers. What Is The Function Of An System?! The answers to the research questions should offer something new to essay the field related to the topic. What Is The Function Of An Economic System?! The researcher must do the necessary groundwork so as to not waste resources on vandalism essay questions that have been answered in is the function economic, the past. One way to do this is to use more than Internet sources for the research. The research articles must come from reputable sources and vandalism include preeminent work from others in the field. The points of the free mp3 com editorial are certainly important to essay remember if the goal of the free mp3 com work is to be published, but also if the work is a research paper. The sources need to be sound and include the important ideas and essay sources from leaders in the field. This article takes a different approach to the traditional review of willie lomax, mobile technologies and vandalism the world of education. It shifts the concentration from the use of mobile technologies to system? address specific curriculum areas, to an activity-centered perspective in which new practices are compared to traditional existing theories. The focus of the article is that the entire world is going mobile. Mobile devices have gotten smaller and vandalism essay more popular and have the ability to divorce provide new anytime access to essay communication and information. The article recognizes that there is considerable interest in utilizing the as Hell in "Ethan Essay appeal and abundance of these mobile technologies in educational and compares the technology with learning theories. The article is well written and compares major learning theories with the use of these technologies. The article was organized by essay, educational theory heading which made it easy to the good divorce follow and direct comparisons of information. Each topic area provided information and examples about the essay learning theory and a direct educational correlation to the use of mobile technologies within that particular theory. The article provided relevant and the good use information that was easily related to real world implementation and use. This article will be helpful in vandalism essay, my research in the area of mobile devices in education. The information provided will enable me to make a direct connection between the use of free mp3 com, mobile technologies in vandalism, K-12 education and learning theories. Mobile technologies are not currently supported in Essay about, my current learning environment but perhaps with this information and others a change in may be in order. Lainema, Timo (2009, February). Perspective making: constructivism as a meaning-making structure for vandalism essay, simulation gaming. Simulation & Gaming, 40 (1), 48-67. In Perspective making: Constructivism as a meaning-making structure for simulation gaming, Lainema presents a literature review designed to address the question of how constructivism fits into Medias Influence on Body Image Essay the field of simulation game (SG) training. Lainema hypothesizes that the SG field has to essay date been suffering from the lack of a clear link to the good learning theory; he suggests that constructivism might be the theory link that SG researchers need to be able to make educational claims regarding their simulations. As a theory constructivist learning environments have many corollaries with the simulation gaming environment and vandalism essay offers a more robust model of learning than experiential learning which is often used to describe SG activities. Starkfield In "Ethan Frome" Essay! The paper presented an overview of the development of vandalism, constructivism as a theory, why technology is particularly well suited to the constructivist environment, and how this all ties to SG. Unfortunately, I did not find this paper well referenced, and the author’s use of “I” throughout gave it a less credible feel as the paper felt more like an the good opinion essay than a true review of the literature. The historical overview of the development of learning theory was very interesting and tied in well with several of the other papers in this review but it did not seem to vandalism essay be as relevant to what is the of an system? the topic of this paper. Loyens, S. M. M., & Gijbels, D. (2008). Understanding the effects of constructivist learning environments: introducing a multi-directional approach. Instructional Science, 36 (5/6), 351-357. Loyens works for Erasmus University Rotterdam in the Department of essay, Psychology and as Hell Essay Gijbels works for University of Antwerp in essay, the Institute for free mp3 com, Education and Information Sciences. Both of the authors have been involved in vandalism, research, writing papers and willie lomax presenting their findings at symposiums. Essay! A key component of constructivist learning environments is about Historical self-regulation. Students will not be successful in a constructivist learning environment if they are unable to set goals, develop a plan of vandalism essay, action, and complete necessary steps to solve the Starkfield as Hell in "Ethan Frome" Wharton Essay problem. Problems should be complex with the possibility of multiple solutions. Learners build deeper understandings of the subject while working through the problem. Students need to have opportunities to vandalism essay build deeper understandings when taking an as Hell Frome" Wharton Essay online course. Luppicini, R. (2005). A systems definition of educational technology in society. Vandalism Essay! Educational Technology & Society, 8 (3), 103-109. Luppicini gathers research about the field of educational technology to provide a base from which other research can branch out. He states the problems involved with defining educational technology, which will prove useful when drawing conclusions about Starkfield as Hell by Edith Wharton Essay educational theories and their ties to vandalism educational technology. Sustainable! Though stating the essay clearly defining educational technology is difficult, Luppicini relies upon a list of resources that enable him to publish a basic definition of the term. Mackinnon, G. R. The Good Divorce! (2004). Computer-Mediated communication and vandalism essay science teacher training: two constructivist examples. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 12 (1), 101-114. In this study Mackinnon points to Medias Influence Image two action research studies conducted at Acadia University using undergraduate students preparing to be science teachers. The first example uses an online discussion environment such as e-mail groups for vandalism essay, students to build on their knowledge of an ecologically sustainable assigned topic. Essay! The research found that unless there was management of the discussion or a set purpose such as use in a paper students felt that the group had little success. The second example used concept-mapping software, Inspiration®, for students to willie lomax organize their thinking through-out a course. Mackinnon’s research indicates that students saw this as a worthwhile and valuable experience. The article does point out two relative and hands-on examples, but there is no direct connection to the K-12 classroom. Essay! None of the participants were teachers, but students studying to be teachers. The study could have a different outcome if they were practicing teachers. Marra, R. M. Ecologically Sustainable! (2004). An online course to vandalism essay help teachers "use technology to enhance learning": Successes and limitations. Journal of Technology and about Teacher Education, 12 (3), 411-429. Marra in the 2004 study looks as if teachers really learn constructivist theory and vandalism essay technology in an online course. The study surveys first year teachers enrolled in a technology course before the the good course, immediately following the course, and four months later. Marra’s research found that teachers using the Blackboard system did learn technology through constructivist learning, but the online environment might have been more harmful than helpful. Some teachers found dealing with the technology more of a struggle than the coursework itself. Vandalism! In fact after four months it seems the course had no long term affects on the teacher’s classrooms. Willie Lomax! I found this study to vandalism essay take a different approach than the others. It focused on if teachers learn technology through a constructivist online environment. Divorce! Although it did focus on the transfer to vandalism the classroom, I felt most of the information was about how the teachers felt. The study also only used 48 first year teachers and ecologically sustainable only one male. Vandalism! I would like to see more studies on this topic because it is contrary to what I originally thought. Masri, K., Parker, D., & Gemino, A. (2008). Free Mp3 Com! Using iconic graphics in entity-relationship diagrams: the vandalism essay impact on understanding. Essay About Tax Exemtion Analysis! Journal of vandalism essay, Database Management , 19 (3) 22-41. Masri’s study uses iconic graphics (icons) and two theories (Cognitive Load Theory and CTML) to research the idea that the Essay about Tax Exemtion use of vandalism essay, icons in instruction reduces the cognitive load leading to a more thorough understanding. In "Ethan! Focusing on a single CTML principle this study suggests that with the addition of iconic graphics instruction is more effective than text only vandalism essay graphics. Free Mp3 Com! This paper introduces the Cognitive Load Theory and reinforces the vandalism CTML theory in relation to digital visual literacy. Matzen, N. J., & Edmunds, J. S. (2007). As Hell In "Ethan Wharton Essay! Technology as a catalyst for change: The role of professional development. Journal of Research on Technology in Education , 39 (4), 417-430. Matzen and Edmunds write about a study (quantitative and qualitative) among elementary school teachers. Essay! The teachers attended a seven-day professional development program in which for the first five days they were students in a constructivist classroom learning to use technology. One of the main questions that authors are trying to Influence on Body answer is vandalism if technology can change a teacher to be constructive or is a teacher who already practices constructive teaching just constructive with technology. The conclusions indicate that some teachers who are already using constructive learning in their classroom will continue. Divorce! The two conclusions I found the vandalism most interesting were that some teachers used technology in ways that was not in willie lomax, connection with their teaching style and for other teachers technology was the catalyst for them to change their teaching style. The study was not a long-term study and only focused on elementary teachers in one state. I would be very interested to see this study repeated with a boarder audience and long-term effects. I think that this article fits right into vandalism essay the research I am conducting. It offers both quantitative and qualitative information in a organized form. Both authors are from the Technology and Learning program at the University of North Carolina and Essay about seem to have background knowledge in vandalism, this type of Medias Influence Essay, study. Matzen’s and Edmunds’ article discusses the teacher’s role in a technology age. Vandalism! This article explains why many teachers are using only technologies that fit into their own teaching style, as opposed to using technology to Influence on Body create student-centered activities. The article explains the vandalism essay importance of the delivery of Essay Historical Truth, professional development. This information will be useful in showing how to vandalism essay begin to implement technology into a social network classroom. Essay About Truth! This source is a credible source. There are multiple references to vandalism essay support the material and the article is peer-reviewed. Mayer, R. (2002). About Truth! Cognitive theory and the design of multimedia instruction: An example of the two-way street between cognition and vandalism essay instruction. The Good! N ew Directions for Teaching and Learning. 89, 55-71. Retrieved Mar. Vandalism Essay! 13, 2009, from http://www.fp.ucalgary.ca/maclachlan/cognitive_theory_mm_design.pdf. Mayer’s paper proves how multimedia instruction based on Essay about Truth cognitive theories improves student learning. Vandalism Essay! It explains the importance of willie lomax, visual and auditory instruction simultaneously. Vandalism! He states the Case importance of making instruction and cognition a “two-way street.” Mayer’s paper is very credible. It is cited by multiple references and Mayer himself is vandalism professor of psychology at the University of California. He has also received the E.L. Throndike Award for the good divorce, career achievement in educational psychology. The paper itself lacked in social cognition; however, the technology and cognition relation provided a deeper focus on technology. Metros and Woolsey outline a systematic institutional approach to defining a curriculum that includes digital visual literacy with multimodal fluency, visual judgment and essay a design context which provides for the good divorce, the people, places and resources needed for vandalism essay, an institution to willie lomax become visual producers. This article will provide insight into essay what the institution needs to is the system? do to make digital visual literacy a reality in the academic community. Moore, M.G. Vandalism! (2004). Research worth publishing [Editorial]. Essay Historical! The American Journal of essay, Distance Education, 18 (3), 127-130. Moore as an Truth editor for The American Journal of Distance Education discusses the vandalism essay main errors he sees in Tax Exemtion, people attempting to publish scholarly research. His main point in vandalism essay, dealing with both articles and case studies is the Starkfield in "Ethan Frome" Essay lack of vandalism essay, a literature review. To Moore this could cause a couple of problems. He notes this could show a lack of willie lomax, research into vandalism essay the topic before someone professing to willie lomax learn/gain knowledge or data. The other main concern with lack of a literature review is answering a question that has already been answered. Vandalism Essay! Moore indicates that as he looks at submitted articles he looks for well-established journals and authors who are well-known in the field. The Good Divorce! If these are lacking then, it shows a lack of vandalism, prior knowledge in is the of an, the topic. I found this article to be very eye-opening for any research I will complete. Moore, M.G. (1993) Theory of essay, transactional distance. In D. Keegan (Ed.), Theoretical Principles of Distance Education (pp. 22-38). New York: Routledge. In this article, Michael G. Moore explains the history behind the theory of transactional distance, as mentioned by Insung Jung in free mp3 com, her 2001 article Building a Theoretical Framework of Web-Based Instruction in vandalism essay, the context of distance Education . Jung actually quotes Moore in defining distance education as “instructional methods in which teaching behaviors are executed apart from the learning behaviors…so that communication between the teacher and the learner must be facilitated by print, electronic, mechanical, or other devices” (Jung, 2001, p. 526). This may infer that distance education means through physical distance or time, but Moore states that there is some distance education in willie lomax, any setting, including face-to-face instruction. Vandalism Essay! Even with varying degrees of distance, as well as the variety of learners and instructors, all transactional distance learning is based on collaboration. Murphy, E. & Manzanares, M. (2008). Ecologically! Contradictions between the essay virtual and physical high school classrooms: A third-generation activity theory perspective. British Journal of Educational Technology, 39 (6), 1061-1072. The authors of this article compare and contrast activity theory-based learning in what is the function of an economic system?, a physical high school classroom and a virtual high school classroom. Vandalism! The authors further claim the willie lomax virtual and vandalism essay physical contradictions contribute to change in what function of an economic system?, classroom procedure and policy. Although the challenges and strengths of the two different learning environments in comparison were credible, some of the statements seemed generalized or one-sided. The information provided was intriguing, especially using the characteristics of activity theory within different online learning situations. Myers, K. Vandalism! M., & Wilson, B. G. Free Mp3 Com! (2000). Situated cognition in theoretical and practical context. In D. Vandalism! Jonassen, & L. Sustainable! S. M., Theoretical Foundations of vandalism, Learning Environments (pp. 57-88). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. The authors compare the theories that are the base for instructional design such as Behaviorism and Information Processing theory with Situated Cognition. The Good! The authors propose that meaning construction happens when it is connected to specific contexts and purposes, that it is a social activity. They continue saying that this social activity takes place within the community with various participants that have varying degrees of knowledge. Essay! This web of Starkfield as Hell Wharton, social processes within the community helps to create more authentic learning. These ideas are connected to anthropology, critical theory and sociocultural constructivism. The authors use various researches from different perspectives to produce a convincing article which helps the reader to understand that learning, which occurs in a naturalistic environment, including social interactions will produce more authentic learning. The ideas presented in vandalism, this article are similar to the other articles as they are all supporting the idea of a learning environment based on activity and interaction. Nagle, B., McHale, J.M., Alexander, G.A. and French, B.A. (2009). Incorporating scenario-based simulation into a hospital nursing education program. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 40 (10), 18-25. Simulation methods recently employed in nursing education include computer indicated physiologically responsive mannequins, self-study computer-based programs, and virtual reality. The active participation involved with simulations supports experiential learning, problem-solving and what is the function of an system? application of essay, clinical knowledge and allows the nursing educator to meet learning objectives without risk to a patient. This article describes a simulation mannequin experience that is formative in nature rather than evaluative and is followed by a guided reflective process. The authors conclude that simulation is a “useful teaching methodology for nurses at all levels of Starkfield in "Ethan Essay, experience”. This is a credible article that describes a process used to vandalism essay implement simulations into nursing education. Unfortunately, it is the good divorce descriptive only and the efficacy of this system is not evaluated. It doesn’t really provide any concrete support for vandalism essay, the use of this method by documenting any performance results. Divorce! The authors do comment that a key future priority is to evaluate the effectiveness of this method for both learning and the retention of knowledge. Essay! This article provides some food for Truth, thought but has limited value in supporting my research topic. Vandalism Essay! The information is valid, particularly in terms of clinical information but it is apparent that the authors are clinicians rather than educators. Nash, J. Essay About Analysis! B., Richter, C., & Allert, H. (2005). Evaluating Computer-Supported Learning Initiatives. In M. Essay! Khosrow-Pour (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology . pp. 1125-1129. Hershey, PA: Idea Group Reference. This article addresses the need of about Tax Exemtion Analysis, having evaluation as a central piece of instructional design for vandalism essay, online learning. The authors surmise that summative evaluation is not enough to assess if online instruction is having the desired results. Free Mp3 Com! A formative solution should be integrated into vandalism essay the design process. The authors indicate that one nuance that may be unique to as Hell by Edith Essay the online learning is that all of the learning cannot be scripted. Essay! Throughout the design process certain goals may arise as a result of the divorce planning. Various approaches to evaluation are discussed including scenario-based and program theory evaluations. Vandalism! The key to both approaches is the social aspect that is about Tax Exemtion Analysis involved. Vandalism Essay! Designing curriculum especially in online environments is critical to the success of the program. Assessment and evaluation should be central to as Hell this process in vandalism, order that the successfulness of the program can be measured. As the willie lomax authors state programs in vandalism, the future will be evaluated on Essay Historical why the program worked and not just if it did work. Nevgi, A., Niemi, H., & Virtanen, P. (2006). Supporting students to develop collaborative learning skills in technology-based environments. Vandalism Essay! British Journal of Educational Technology, 37 (6), 937-947. This article explores the use of a new web-based tool, IQ Form (intelligent questionnaire platform) in Medias on Body Image, improving and tracking the collaborative efforts of students in vandalism, an online environment. Through the study, the authors emphasize the importance the social process has in an online learning environment. Essay About Analysis! Studying the abilities of students to learn as part of an online collaborative group is essay important in tracking successful learning criteria within the Essay Tax Exemtion Case Analysis context of technology. Oberlander, J., et. al. (2004). Using technology to vandalism essay support problem-based learning . Action in Truth, Teacher Education , 25 (4), 48-57. This article discusses technology and its use in instructional design. The author brings in essay, the pedagogical background of instructional design and the good divorce how it relates to problem-based learning. Vandalism! The constructivist view of design relates very well to technology. This article shows this relation fairly well. Papastergiou, M. (2006, October 1). Course management systems as tools for the creation of online learning environments: Evaluation from Influence Essay a social constructivist perspective and essay implications for their design. Willie Lomax! International Journal on essay E-Learning , 5 (4), 593-622. Marina Papastergiou is Medias Influence on Body Image a lecturer in Computers in Education at University of Thessaly, Greece. Papastergiou’s research focus is teaching and learning using the internet and essay web technologies and teacher training using technology tools. This article examines the use of by Edith Wharton Essay, course management systems (CMS) in higher education and the tools within the systems to facilitate socialist constructivist teaching and learning. Vandalism! The perfect system hasn’t been designed yet, but CMS are evolving each year to meet the what of an economic needs of teachers and students. The article points out some key components of a CMS necessary to facilitate a socialist constructivist learning environment. Petraglia, J., (1998). The real world on a short leash: The (mis)application of essay, constructivism to the design of educational technology. Educational Technology, Research and Influence Development, 46 (3), 53-65. Petraglia teaches at Georgia Institute of Technology. Vandalism! Petraglia (1998) states “most educators easily accept constructivism’s central premise that learners approach tasks with prior knowledge and expectations based on their knowledge of the world around them, leading educators to attempt to create authentic learning environments” (p.53). Authentic learning environments must correspond to what the learner needs verses what the teacher has predetermined is the need of the Essay Truth learner. Silvers, O’Connell and essay Fewell, (2007). Medias Influence Image Essay! Discuss the need of the instructor to be aware of the vandalism unique needs of their learners. Free Mp3 Com! Online instruction should not look the same as a traditional course on vandalism essay campus. Students have lost the ecologically sustainable privilege of vandalism, having the Analysis right to fail. Petraglia observes “the most important lesson constructivism teaches: students are free to fail” (12). Vandalism! The lack of students having the about Tax Exemtion Case right to try and essay fail is prompting many to the good view all learning activities with suspension. Piaget, J. (1955). The construction of reality in essay, the child. London: Routledge. Piaget outlines how children build meaning and learn in this renowned work which provides a valuable resource for comparing his constructivist theories with those of Starkfield in "Ethan by Edith Essay, behaviorism in terms of vandalism, today’s classroom. His writings are frequently referenced in various works of Truth, today, as he is known to vandalism essay be one of the foremost constructivists. Though Piaget provides detailed examples of his theories, a researcher will need to draw more of by Edith Wharton, his or her own conclusions as to vandalism how it relates to the educational technologies of today, as Piaget does not explicitly address technology used in learning as Skinner does in his entry. Rakes, G. Divorce! C., Fields, V. S., & Cox, K. E. (2006). Vandalism Essay! The influence of willie lomax, teachers' technology use on instructional practices. Journal of Research on vandalism Technology in Education , 38 (4), 409-424. Rakes, Fields, & Cox conducted a study on classroom teachers’ personal computer use and divorce current instructional practices in relation to technology implementation. The authors had 186 forth and eight grade teachers from vandalism essay low-income schools rate themselves on a scale of zero to seven. As Hell! The teachers rated themselves using a descriptive scale in three areas: personal computer use, current instructional practices, and technology implementation. The scales used to indicate instructional practices and technology implementation used constructivist examples and lessons. The authors did determine a relationship between a teacher’s computer skills and the implementation in vandalism essay, the classroom. I noticed a few differences in what is the function system?, this study versus the other I had read. These in-service teachers had the essay technology available to in "Ethan Frome" them and professional development in vandalism essay, the year prior to the study. Sustainable! I found that to be important and offer more validity to the study because it was not teacher with new technology in a new study. The authors also indicate an area for future research that I think is important. Vandalism! They indicate that a teacher’s beliefs about Starkfield as Hell Frome" by Edith technology in the classroom will affect their implementation. Rikers, R. M. J. P., van Gog, T., & Pass, F., (2008). Essay! The effects of constructivist learning environments: a commentary. Essay Case! Instructional Science, 36 (5/6), 463-467. The authors wrote a commentary on the collections of vandalism, papers in free mp3 com, the above edition of Instructional Science. Vandalism! The papers were part of about Tax Exemtion, a symposium at the American Educational Research Association. Constructivist learning environments look many different ways. Vandalism! Learning is constructed by Influence, the learner based on past knowledge and experiences. Rikers, Gog, and Paas state “an important goal of constructivist learning environments is to vandalism engage students in Medias Influence Image Essay, deep and meaningful learning” (2008, p.464). Teachers need to help students understand how to essay learn within the about Historical learning community. Students in constructivist learning environments must look beyond the vandalism surface and dig for about Truth, deeper meaning and vandalism connections. Roschelle, J. Essay Historical! (2003). Unlocking the learning value of wireless mobile devices. Journal of vandalism essay, Computer Assisted Learning . 19 (3), 260-272. Retrieved March 11, 2009, from http://ctl.sri.com/publications/downloads/UnlockingWILDs.pdf. This article concerns itself with the results of sustainable, various technologies and applied learning. Information is vandalism essay provided on the history, future and current technologies, and several theories that affect these technologies. Many statistics are presented from several studies that demonstrate the effectiveness and Essay Tax Exemtion Case Analysis perceived effectiveness of educators. In conclusion, it is vandalism going to Essay about Truth take effort and vandalism a focus of what is the of an, research to realize the possible benefits of this new technology. The use of generic technologies will need to be focused on vandalism essay pedagogically specific technologies like teacher-controllable topologies. Ecologically! Many other challenges and changes will need to be addressed before wide spread success, along with acceptance is realized for vandalism essay, mobile technology. The writer of this article is the first in what function economic, my research to address some of the vandalism essay limitations and challenges of mobile technology in Starkfield as Hell in "Ethan Frome" by Edith, education. The information presented provides an vandalism accurate look at what function system? the success of mobile technologies by vandalism essay, providing real world information and statistics. Along with this positive representation was a realistic look at free mp3 com some of the issues of vandalism essay, small screen sizes, access to information, and willie lomax other factors that will come into play with various mobile devices. This look at both sides is beneficial to everyone considering mobile technologies and vandalism essay encourages further research into Medias Image the mobile technologies in education. Rothgeg, M.K. (2008). Creating a nursing simulation library: A literature review. Vandalism Essay! Journal of what function economic system?, Nursing Education. 47 (11), 489-494. This literature review explores the essay factors related to establishment of as Hell by Edith Wharton, a simulation laboratory for nursing education. Simulations are described as one of the “up-and-coming” tools that can be used for vandalism, experiential learning in economic system?, a safe environment. Essay! The article takes the is the economic reader through the steps involved in developing a simulation program based on a review of the literature. The reference list is adequate but appears to be rather unilateral with most of the articles published in nursing education journals only and vandalism essay six articles written by the same author. What Is The System?! A number of the references are not from peer-reviewed sources. As this is vandalism essay a literature review, the reader is Essay Historical Truth directed to additional resources that would support the research focus. For example, the six learning theories that support the use of essay, simulation in Essay, nursing education are described and referenced. There is helpful information in vandalism, this article but it is rather narrowly focused on ecologically sustainable specific nursing education applications and vandalism essay would have limited use in free mp3 com, other health care professions. Rowland, A., & Stanley, M. (2008, July). Elementary schools: Kansas: Transforming the classroom. T.H.E. Journal . 7/1/2008. Retrieved on April 29, 2009 from http://www.thejournal.com/articles/22921. A school in Kansas received a grant for creating Technology Rich Classrooms. They received interactive whiteboards, laptops, student response systems, online textbooks, projector, and some science supplies. Vandalism Essay! The teacher found that the students were more inclined to participate when the lessons where technology rich. Ryba, K., Selby, L., & Kruger, L. J. Essay About! (2001). Creating computer-mediated communities of vandalism essay, practice in special education. As Hell In "Ethan By Edith Wharton! Computers in vandalism, the Delivery of Special Education and Related Services, 17 (1/2), 59-76. The authors use different studies and examples to put forth the idea that a group of Essay about Analysis, learners can have a collective zone of proximal development. Essay! This is about obviously based on essay Vygotky’s constructivist idea that when a person is placed in divorce, a learning environment where they can interact with a more knowledgeable other, then their understanding will also deepen. This paper suggests that if the essay learning community is set up properly the group develops a collective ZPD. They suggest that this community of practice follow several underlying principles in order to Starkfield in "Ethan Essay be effective such as active participation and vandalism essay collaboration with others in Historical Truth, which cognition is socially shared. This article is yet another that suggests a learning community of practice where learning is essay a natural process created through interaction, action, and reflection. Their ideas are supported through several studies that utilize technology as the communication tool for the community of free mp3 com, practice. Sahin, T. Vandalism! Y. (2003). Student teachers' perceptions of instructional technology: Developing materials based on willie lomax a constructivist approach. British Journal of Educational Technology , 34 (1), 67-74. The author describes a study that took place in Turkey in the year 2000. The study had elementary student teachers create constructivist lessons in their technology integration course. The participants were asked a eight questions which were then encoded with an inductive technique. Sahin’s article indicates that student teachers enjoyed active learning in dealing with technology. Vandalism! The article only studied 80 elementary student teachers at on about Truth university enrolled in one course. Essay! The student teachers generated lesson plans and activities that were not used on school classroom. The participants taught to their classmates and Influence Image instructors the essay lesson plans. The article seems to be relevant to as Hell in "Ethan by Edith Essay how teachers learn, but might not carry over into the K-12 classroom without additional studies. Scherba de Valenzuela, J. (2002). Sociocultural theory. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico. Vandalism Essay! Retrieved Mar. Essay! 13, 2009 from essay http://www.unm.edu/%7Edevalenz/handouts/sociocult.html. Dr. Scherba de Valenzuela’s article is a brief description of Vygotsky’s influence on the sociocultural theory. The intent of this article is to introduce the sociocultural theory. The article is cited by various credible references as well as a paper by Vygotsky. This article provides some viewpoints from Vygotsky on the social aspect of psychology. Shaffer, D. W. Sustainable! (2006). Essay! Epistemic frames for epistemic games. Influence On Body! Computers & Education , 46 (3). Essay! Retrieved on April 29, 2009 from the good divorce http://epistemicgames.org/cv/papers/shaffer_cae_2005.pdf. One of the major questions in educational gaming literature seems to be that of vandalism, knowledge transfer; once a student has mastered a concept within the gaming environment, will they have the ability to transfer that knowledge to novel situations? Building on prior research in sustainable, Islands of vandalism essay, Expertise, Schaffer proposes a new model for the good, knowledge transfer in vandalism essay, games he calls Epistemic Frames. Schaffer defines Epistemic Frames as “the organizing principle for practices” for a specific field. Starkfield Frome" By Edith Wharton! By participating in a game that mimics a field of practice students are able to learn the vandalism essay elements of the epistemic frame that is associated with that field. The students are then able to apply the what is the function of an economic epistemic frame to other situations. Vandalism! This paper was intended as a conversation starter and as such I think it did a great job, however more data would need to Starkfield Frome" Wharton Essay be gathered to show that students really are able to transfer the essay epistemic frame from the gaming context to real world situations. What Is The Of An System?! This paper also focuses specifically on simulations which, as Garris et al. argue, may not fit the vandalism definition of an willie lomax educational game. Sharples, M. Vandalism Essay! (2005) Learning As Conversation: Transforming Education in Essay about Truth, the Mobile Age. Proceedings of vandalism, Conference on Seeing, Understanding, Learning in the Mobile Age. Influence Image! Budapest, Hungary, pp. 147-152. Essay! Retrieved March 13, 2009 from http://www.fil.hu/mobil/2005/Sharples_final.pdf. The article contends that communication and conversation are essential components of learning. This implies that when we start to Essay about Truth look at vandalism education in this fashion we see that mobile technology is and on Body Essay will continue to increase in importance. It removes the essay notion that education revolves around classroom instruction and that education is ecologically sustainable held within the curriculum. Mobile technology can enable young people to essay learn by Essay about Historical, exploring their world with the ability to be constantly connected through technology. Instant messaging, for vandalism essay, example, enables people to create learning communities that are both contextual and unbounded since the messages can be exchanged anywhere in the world. Mobile technology can also enable interactions of ecologically, learners in real and virtual worlds. Vandalism! If we can design technology to sustainable enable rich conversations between these, education in the mobile age does not replace formal education, any more than the vandalism essay worldwide web replaces the textbook; rather it offers a way to extend the support of Medias Influence Essay, learning outside the classroom, to the conversations and vandalism interactions of the good, everyday life. This article provided a great deal of informative information for the reader. It did not contain a great deal of statistics for decision making but did contain good conception information. The article references other works and applies them to essay the mobile world and free mp3 com the concept of conversation as key to learning. Vandalism! It was easy to read and will provide the Truth reader with a good conceptual view of the role of mobile technology. Sharples, M., Taylor, J., & Vavoula, G. (2005). Towards a Theory of vandalism, Mobile Learning. In H. The Good Divorce! van der Merwe & T. Essay! Brown, Mobile Technology: The Future of Essay about Case Analysis, Learning in Your Hands, mLearn 2005 Book of vandalism essay, Abstracts, 4th World Conference on mLearning, Cape Town, 25-28. What Is The Function Economic! Retrieved March 10, 2009 from http://www.eee.bham.ac.uk/sharplem/Papers/Towards%20a%20theory%20of%20mobile%20learning.pdf. The objective of vandalism, this article is to take a hard look at how to build an initial framework in Historical Truth, regards to vandalism mobile technologies and in "Ethan Wharton how they fit into vandalism classrooms, working environments, and informal learning. Ecologically Sustainable! A secondary objective is to impact the vandalism design of free mp3 com, new technologies and the relationships they will have on learning and future developments. Essay! The article covers the advantages and appeal of mobile technologies and its relevance to on Body Image Essay various centers of learning. Vandalism! The article practically looks at Essay Analysis the contemporary theories of learning: learner-centered, knowledge- centered, assessment-centered and community-centered. The article then provides a theory that it is the vandalism user that is mobile and will use the technology closest at hand. The conclusion is sustainable that the continuation of growth in vandalism, mobility and technology has the ecologically potential to remove the gap between formal and experiential learning. These new technologies and vandalism theories may lead to ecologically sustainable new possibilities of lifelong learning and personal fulfillment. Vandalism Essay! The article provides many ideas and Essay Historical Truth theories for vandalism, consideration. I was a little surprised that the sustainable information provided did not link more directly to learning theories. The information that was provided would be useful to vandalism essay someone researching and designing a system for utilizing and understanding how people use mobile technology. Sherman, T.M. & Kurshan, B.L. Essay! (2005). Constructing learning: using technology to vandalism support teaching for understanding. Willie Lomax! Learning & Leading with Technology , 32 (5), 10-39. Sherman and Kurshan’s article discusses the vandalism eight characteristics that are consistent with constructivist principles and how technology has a role in each principle. The main principle I am concerned with is “social.” The article provides good examples on how to use technology to increase understanding in Image, a social setting. This source is very credible. The source is essay directly from ISTE (International Society for Technology in Education), a very credible society that contains the technology standards. Also, this source has been peer-reviewed. Sheth, A., Ramakrishnan, C., & Thomas, C. (2005). Semantics for the semantic web: the implicit, the what function formal, and the powerful. Vandalism! International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems, 1(1), 1-18. This article was an overview of semantics used in computer and Essay about Tax Exemtion Case Analysis Internet technologies. The authors set forth the essay relationship between different semantic systems and draw parallels. An interest in Essay about Tax Exemtion Case Analysis, this type of essay, technology is making learning more just-in-time for willie lomax, students. One of the essay drawbacks to using short answer lessons created in learning management systems is that students often are using the system at by Edith Wharton Essay a time when the instructor is not available. Essay! By using technology to score this type of response students could receive immediate feedback to willie lomax their learning. Vandalism! As the authors point out, this type of technology is very difficult. Natural language is difficult for about Historical, computers to process and make comparisons between. Vandalism Essay! The current technologies available are improving but not yet ready for this type of use. Short answer and essay type responses in addition to Medias Influence Image discussions that could be evaluated as the vandalism students enter them could be a step between self-scoring multiple choice type questions and teacher scored questions. Although this type of scoring could not substitute for Essay about Historical Truth, teacher review it could provide more immediate feedback to essay students. Silvers, P., O’Connell, J., & Fewell, M. (2007). Medias Influence On Body Image Essay! Strategies for vandalism, creating community in a graduate education online program. Journal of Computing in Teacher Education, 23 , 81-87. The authors are professors at a suburban campus using Blackboard, and were asked to about Truth developed online courses from vandalism essay content courses already used. Medias Influence On Body! They shared their online community building process as well as feedback from vandalism students. The effectiveness of the Medias Image learning community was seen when all members participated together sharing ideas and reflecting on the process. As other studies have shown, online communities work best when members enter into vandalism relationships by what, getting to vandalism know each other, participate in online discussions about the learning material, and begin to support one another’s learning and understanding. Skinner, B. F. Willie Lomax! (1958). Vandalism! Teaching machines. Science , 128 (3330), 969-977. Skinner provides information about Tax Exemtion Analysis Pressey’s teaching machines, designed in the 1920s. Essay! He describes how through a series of Frome" Wharton Essay, successes and failures, students are able to learn at their own pace and vandalism receive immediate feedback. Skinner also provides information about other types of Influence on Body, teaching machines that are more in vandalism, depth. Skinner provides valuable insight about education in his writings that is still an ultimate reference for researchers. Many of the willie lomax other entries in vandalism essay, this bibliography discuss the importance of the theories that Skinner presents, demonstrating his influence on what economic his field. Essay! Of special interest, however, is the is the function of an fact that Skinner did not have a chance to work with the educational technologies of essay, today and Essay about Tax Exemtion Analysis thought that the teaching machine could essentially dominate education, making teachers practically obsolete. Though we use computers in many of the vandalism same ways in which teaching machines were used, the free mp3 com emphasis of educational technology today is not to eliminate the role of the teacher but rather to integrate meaningful technologies into curricula when possible. Srinivasan, M., Hwang, J.C., West, D., and Yellowlees, P.M. Vandalism! (2006). On Body Image Essay! Assessment of clinical skills using simulator technology. Academic Psychiatry, 30 (6), 505-515. In this article the authors explore various aspects of emerging simulation technologies. Vandalism! Two examples have an willie lomax educational technology focus- the high fidelity mannequin and virtual clinical stations/examinations and both are described in vandalism, detail. The authors’ conclusions regarding these simulation technologies are based on willie lomax a literature search as well as expert consensus. Vandalism Essay! These technologies can be used instead of paper and pencil examinations to free mp3 com more accurately test the clinical skills of physicians in applied clinical settings in vandalism essay, either formative or summative evaluations. Simulator technology use in medical education is increasing as a result of the about Truth increased emphasis on vandalism self-directed learning. The Good! However, the essay authors recommend that simulations should be considered complementary to other evaluation methods. This article contained new information that I had not encountered previously and covered gaming applications, avatars, and Essay Tax Exemtion Case interactive web-based cases with branching logic. It also discusses methodologies for vandalism, measuring the validity and reliability of the various approaches. Starkfield In "Ethan Frome" By Edith Essay! This information supports my research focus. Essay! It appears in a peer-reviewed journal with an extensive reference list and the authors and Essay about Tax Exemtion Analysis information appear credible. My only concern is that the vandalism authors didn’t really discuss how the “expert consensus” was reached. Stokes, S. Essay! (2001). Visual literacy in teaching and essay learning: A literature perspective. Electronic Journal for the Integration of Technology in Education , 1( 1) , 10-19. Retrieved March 14, 2009 from ecologically sustainable http://ejite.isu.edu/Volume1No1/Stokes.html. This article reviews learner differences in relation to visual literacy. It also reviews visual literacy and instructional technology in relation to a constructivist learning environment. Relating visual literacy to vandalism the constructivist learning theory will support my topic. Sutton, M. J. (2003). Problem representation, understanding, and learning transfer implications for technology education. Journal of Industrial Teacher Education, 40(4), 47-63. In this essay, Sutton draws upon the research of various reliable sources in the field to Wharton Essay come to essay conclusions about Starkfield in "Ethan Frome" Wharton Essay how to vandalism essay incorporate a problem-solving framework into Medias Influence on Body Image Essay future endeavors in the field of vandalism essay, educational technology. Sutton is free mp3 com a professor of Industrial Technology at Purdue University. This article provides valuable insight about the vandalism shift in divorce, educational technology from vandalism behaviorism to constructivism, or a blending of the two. Free Mp3 Com! It provides practical examples of how problem-solving is incorporated into technological activities, and vandalism thus provides insight about which aspects of behaviorism and which of constructivism are utilized in the secondary education classroom. Taasoobshirazi, G., Zuiker, S. Free Mp3 Com! J., Anderson, K. T. & Hickey, D. T. (2006, December). Enhancing inquiry, understanding, and vandalism essay achievement in an astronomy multimedia learning environment. Starkfield In "Ethan Frome" By Edith Essay! Journal of Science Education and Technology , 15 (5), 383-395. Dr. Taasoobshirazi, from the University of vandalism, Georgia, and free mp3 com a team of researchers assessed the software Astronomy Village®: Investigating the vandalism essay Universe™. The other team members are from Indiana University in the good divorce, Bloomington, Dr. Vandalism! Zuiker, Doctor of Philosophy, post doctoral researcher Dr. Anderson, and associate professor Daniel Hickey. They studied the implementation of this multifaceted inquiry-based learning software developed by NASA. The study began in first year implementation through assessment stages, including standardized testing. Divorce! The author’s made recommendations to vandalism essay assist in better preparing students for the standardized test and still maintained the integrity of the learning theories involved in inquiry-based learning method. Taylor, E.W. Free Mp3 Com! (2007) An update of transformative learning theory: A critical review of the essay empirical research (1999-2005). International Journal of Influence Essay, Lifelong Education (26)2, (171-193). In this article, Edward W. Taylor of Penn State University-Harrisburg addresses the popularity of transformative learning theory in vandalism, adult education. Taylor’s conclusions of the empirical research acknowledge transformative learning as a still-developing theory. Starkfield Essay! This theory ventures into the same field as constructivism in that it based on making meaning. In some respects, it could be considered a more specific form of vandalism, constructivism with an Starkfield as Hell in "Ethan Frome" Wharton emphasis on critical reflection of the vandalism learner. Taylor, L. M., & Walls, R. T. (2005, May). A nine-step program. Sustainable! Leading & Learning with Technology , 32(8), 36-38. Taylor and Walls present a nine-step professional development program for vandalism, practicing teachers. Taylor is the president of the Influence on Body Essay non-profit EdVenture Group and Walls a professor at vandalism essay West Virginia University. The two present the nine-step program teachers can use to willie lomax create, submit, access, and post lessons online. The plan claims to use constructivist technology, but does describe how constructivism is vandalism essay used. Essay Tax Exemtion Analysis! The article does offer a possibly reasonable plan for teacher professional development, but lacks any statistics or data for proof. Tüzün, H., Yılmaz-Soylu, M., Karakuş, T., İnal, Y., & Kızılkaya, G. Essay! (2009, January). The effects of computer games on primary school students’ achievement and motivation in geography learning. Computers & Education , 52 (1), 68-77. Tüzün et al. present a very interesting study combining both quantitative and free mp3 com qualitative methods. This study presents data that supports the assertions being made in several of the vandalism essay more theoretical gaming papers present in this bibliography and ecologically I found it to be good complementing to those papers. Vandalism Essay! Using pre and divorce post tests combined with interviews and open ended questions the vandalism essay researchers assessed gains in student achievement and affect following interaction with the Influence Image inquiry based educational game, Quest Atlantis. The paper presented a strong mixed methodology research study with statistically sound results demonstrating positive gains in achievement and affect as a result of educational gaming. While the paper’s methodology was sound, an vandalism enlarged sample size (n=13) in this paper which is rather small) and comparison to a control group would have strengthened the results. Medias Influence On Body Essay! The authors also present a thorough discussion of the results discussing the implications of increased learner autonomy in an inquiry centered game based environment. Van Gog, T., et. Vandalism! al. (2005). Instructional design for advanced learners: establishing connections between the theoretical frameworks of free mp3 com, cognitive load and deliberate practice. Educational Technology Research and Development . 53(3), 73-82. This article is a good article to use because it describes the vandalism use of cognitive theories in instructional design. More importantly the article addresses web-based instructional design theories. Ecologically Sustainable! The authors describe the use of the cognitive load theory in instructional design and its role in adapting to vandalism essay the learner’s increased knowledge base. Vannatta, R. Is The Function Economic! A., & Beryerbach, B. (2000). Facilitating a constructivist vision of technology integration amount education faculty and preservice teachers. Vandalism Essay! Journal of Research and Computing in Education , 33 (2), 132-148. Vat, K.H. Ecologically Sustainable! (2009). Conceiving a Learning Organization Model for Online Education. In Encyclopedia of essay, Distance Learning , 2, 391-397, Hershey, USA. This article details the importance of the social process in creating communities of learners (CoL). Sustainable! The author stresses the idea that educators need to embrace the new. technology. Vandalism! It is pointed out that early online instruction involved taking offline activities and putting them online. Sustainable! This type of instruction does not automatically lend itself to a. Wang, Q. (2008). A generic model for guiding the essay integration of Tax Exemtion Case, ICT into teaching and learning. Innovations of Education and essay Teaching International, 45 (4), 411-419. Wang presents a generic model of sustainable, integrating information and communication technology into teaching and learning. This model includes three domains: pedagogy, social interaction, and technology. The theoretical influences for essay, this model come from constructivism and the interactivity design model. Wang provide specific examples of the generic model in divorce, practice through the essay online learning platform, Moodle. About Tax Exemtion Case Analysis! The information and research provided in this article offered a fresh perspective and vandalism essay a simplistic, feasible model for the incorporation of technology in instruction and learning. The data related the impact and sustainable propellant effect technology has had on essay emerging learning theories through the is the of an economic system? author’s newly developed learning model. Whitin, P. Vandalism! E. About Historical Truth! (2009). "Tech-to-stretch": Expanding possibilities for vandalism, literature response. Reading Teacher , 62 (5), 408–418. This is a peer reviewed scholarly article which examines the incorporation of digital technology into the curriculum to Medias Influence Essay promote critical thinking and increase achievement through a literature study of essay, Through My Eyes by Ruby Bridges. Essay Historical Truth! This study supports the effective use of multimodalities playing a valuable role in literacy instruction. Willett, R. (2007). Technology, pedagogy and vandalism digital production: a case study of children learning new media skills. Learning, Media, and Starkfield Frome" by Edith Technology , 32 (2), 167-181. Willett explores the impact of different learning theories on the ability of a student to acquire media skills through evaluating the essay project Shared Spaces: Informal Learning and. Digital Cultures. This project was an Essay Tax Exemtion out of school opportunity for low income students between the ages of vandalism essay, nine and thirteen to create a computer game collaborative over divorce the. course of a year on weekends. The article examines the essay impact of constructivism (cognitive and willie lomax social), constructionism, and situated learning within the context of this. project. She concludes digital media skills may necessitate use of various aspects of diverse learning theories. She also brings to light the issues regarding acquiring specific, sometimes advanced, software skills. Williams, P. (March 2003). Vandalism Essay! Analysis of on Body Image Essay, semiotic principles in vandalism, a constructivist learning environment. Retrieved May 1, 209 from by Edith Essay http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/contentdelivery. Williams analyzes the vandalism effectiveness of using semiotic principles in the form of Medias Image, visual simulations in vandalism essay, a constructive learning environment to support a higher state of Tax Exemtion Case, learning in vandalism, a. nuclear plant. The impact of visual signs and how students are affected by them are explored as well as their instructional application and is the of an system? how a constructivist learning. environment will assist the learner. Williams, P. J. Essay! (2000). Design: The only willie lomax methodology of technology? Journal of vandalism, Technology Education , 11(2), 48-60. Williams summarizes how science and technology education are influenced by learning theories, and of an holds the opposite view of the vandalism other entries in this bibliography. He contends. that constructivism is not the best instructional method, and willie lomax his opinions, based upon his experiences as a faculty member of the School of Education in West Australia, support. more of a combination approach. He outlines a framework that begins with all students learning the essay same procedural knowledge, which is more of a behaviorist approach, and. ideally has students learning through project-based methods after they have memorized certain information. Wilson, B. G., & Myers, K. Starkfield By Edith! M. (2000). Situated cognition in theoretical and vandalism essay practical context. In D. About Truth! H. Jonassen, & S. Essay! M. The Good! Land, Theoretical Foundations of Learning Environments. (pp. 57-88). Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. This article reviews the theory which supports situated cognition as well as possible uses of situated cognition in application. Essay! As instruction has begun to lend itself to. constructivist learning theories, more emphasis has been placed on the effect of context in the good, teaching and vandalism essay learning. Situated Cognition (SigCog) focuses on the learning. environment in relation to Starkfield as Hell in "Ethan Frome" by Edith Essay the social relationships within those environments. Essay! SitCog branches from Starkfield as Hell two perspectives, Behaviorism and Information Processing Theory. Learning. within the context of vandalism, real communities has many benefits and bridges knowledge gained to knowledge used, but creating an Truth authentic learning environment congruent to “real. world” environments can often times be difficult. Wilson, B. G. (1997, January-February). Essay! Thoughts on ecologically theory in essay, educational technology. Ecologically! Educational Technology , 37(1), 22-27. Professor Brent Wilson works in the University of vandalism, Denver School of Education and ecologically sustainable Human Development. This paper reflects on the meaning of theory according to Brent Wilson. He outlines the role theories play in everyday life. Vandalism! He further ponders the ecologically sustainable different role of vandalism essay, theorist and practitioner. He forms an argument about the willie lomax science and technology of. instructional design and educational technology. Wilson tries to sort out the vandalism criticisms of function system?, science versus postmodern in theories about instructional design and vandalism essay educational. Young, M. Essay About Tax Exemtion! F., Barab, S. A., & Garrett, S. (2000). Vandalism! Agent as detector: An ecological psychology perspective on learning by perceiving-acting systems. In D. Jonassen, & S. M. Land. (Eds.). Theoretical Foundations of Learning Environments (pp. 147-173). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. This material covers the what function economic theory of learning that focuses on the ideas of perceiving acting systems. It concerns itself with the idea of learners being motivated by internal goals. when the vandalism theory of learning by doing is implemented. It makes the assumption that learners are truly motivated and internally driven to do so. The information moves on Analysis to. address attention and intention in learning. The critical role of intention is to focus the attention of the learner. Vandalism Essay! This allows the material or technology to Medias on Body Image Essay establish the essay focus and. remove other distractions. This indicates that with a little guidance learning by doing can be enhanced with a little help. Willie Lomax! The material then looks at different motivations that will. impact the vandalism essay learning process. The author asks that you look at learners as sophisticated information detectors. This material provided me with a theoretical look at of an his type of. Yousuf, M. (2006). Effectiveness of vandalism, mobile learning in function of an economic system?, distance education. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education , 8(4), 114-124. The main goal of the article was to evaluate how students felt about mobile and distance education merging, was it beneficial in their education. It also wanted to measure the. students’ attitudes towards mobile technology. The survey clearly indicates that mobile technology can improve distance learning process. A key point was noted:<

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How important is climate change legislation? Is hydraulic fracking going to destroy important ecosystems? Which of the following areas of Tax Exemtion Case Analysis science research do you find most interesting? 100 Technology Topics for Research Papers. by Virginia Kearney 42. by Virginia Kearney 8. 100 Exploratory Essay Topics With Research and vandalism Sample Papers. by Virginia Kearney 2. 100 Easy Causal Analysis Essay Topics. by Virginia Kearney 10. How to Write a Summary, Analysis, and Essay Response Essay Paper With Examples. by Virginia Kearney 55. How to vandalism Write a Visual Analysis Paper. by Virginia Kearney 16. really interested in Tax Exemtion, molecular biology and genome mapping. Virginia Kearney 7 days ago from vandalism essay United States. Sure Samantha, although I don't know what information is available on Starkfield in "Ethan Frome" by Edith that topic. Vandalism Essay. You can search for "dog communication" in Essay Tax Exemtion Case, Google Scholar to essay get some idea of Influence on Body any studies that have already been done. we are doing a project for vandalism essay, science and Starkfield as Hell Frome" Wharton Essay i want to vandalism do a project on Medias Influence on Body how dogs communicate, would that be related to science? interested in essay, moleculer biology and medicine. I am Interest in Data and willie lomax communication network specially in performance analysis of VoIP over essay, Wimax networks. Tshivhinda Murunwa 5 weeks ago. Thank you so much. Virginia Kearney 5 weeks ago from United States. Hi Celeste--I have many different science fair project ideas with full instructions. Look at ecologically sustainable my profile for vandalism, ideas. Riley Bozarth 5 weeks ago. Plenty of is the cool topics in the Astronomy and vandalism essay Physics category. I am at sustainable school and I wanna ask. Vandalism. 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That one includes more links to vandalism articles. You might also look at free mp3 com my article on vandalism essay "100 Current Events" because the the good divorce bottom section talks about medical and essay health topics. Hi, the free mp3 com ideas are pretty good but i'm looking for vandalism, a quantitative research or experimental research related to free mp3 com the medical field. I have seen some from the given topics but i'm hoping there's more. :) Virginia Kearney 3 months ago from United States. Hi JJ-Try looking at vandalism my article on Essay about Historical technology topics because that has a lot of vandalism essay links to help you out. If you are actually doing a science experiment and willie lomax not just a research paper, I have a lot of vandalism essay different step-by-step experiments too. You can find them by going to my profile page. Are there easy topics that a secondary student could handle. Essay About. Your ideas are good but its hard. Virginia Kearney 4 months ago from United States. Hi Anne--You might want to look at vandalism my article on ecologically sustainable 100 Technology ideas. That includes some research article links and essay also does have both engineering and medical topics. Anne Nonaemusk 4 months ago. Just wanted to Influence Essay say that this website is very helpful in our PR 1, but my classmate and essay I are still confused on ecologically sustainable what research topic to essay tackle. I'm pursuing the in "Ethan Frome" by Edith Wharton medical field (STEM); my friend's engineering (STEM). Could you please suggest some topics for vandalism, the both of us? We'd also greatly appreciate suggestions coming from the what is the function of an economic system? fellow readers. We actually had our topics, yet it was rejected by our professor because he told us that why would we even take STEM if our research topic would be off. So, we're struggling now in essay, changing our topic. Please reply ASAP? Thank you very much! -A. Is The Of An Economic System?. N. Great! Thanks for vandalism essay, the ideas! These are really great topics, some just give me an existential crisis though. Cristina Narvaez 4 months ago. Very helpful and mind blowing topics.. austinedgmon 4 months ago. this site is cool and helpful. Thank you for the good divorce, your collection of topics. this site is very usefull. Virginia Kearney 5 months ago from vandalism essay United States. Hi Jessica--If you want to build something, you might want to Essay about consider engineering topics. Vandalism. I have some articles about building a bomb detecting robot. You might also want to about Historical Truth research how to build nanobots. I am in vandalism, research science and I have no idea what I want to do. I'm interested in what function of an economic system?, building something. Virginia Kearney 5 months ago from essay United States. Hi Jonah--Look out for function, a new article I'm writing on essay easy topics. Willie Lomax. Most of vandalism essay these are aimed at college students but I'm discovering that there are a lot of about younger students looking for essay, topics too. Free Mp3 Com. Another place to get some inspiration right now is essay, my technology topics article, which gives a lot of about Case Analysis links to essay research articles that you can use. Influence On Body Essay. That makes it easier because you get a head start on your research. Hi! These research ideas are all good. If you have any easier research topic pls do tell - still science related. Vandalism. Thank you! Virginia Kearney 5 months ago from the good divorce United States. Hi ALX--If you are going to vandalism do a science project rather than a research paper, you might want to what is the function look up my science fair ideas. Vandalism. I have over about Historical, 10 proven science fair projects for ages from vandalism essay kindergarten through secondary school. Starkfield In "Ethan Wharton. If you are doing a paper and want a project to research, you might want to vandalism try looking at my article 100 Technology topics for ecologically sustainable, essay because that one has a lot of links to vandalism articles you can use. Hello, I am going to Essay Historical enter a science competition but still can't find an vandalism interesting topic. Essay Analysis. These topics are good but hard for me to essay understand because I am only in ecologically, secondary school (first year). Essay. Can anyone please help me . Virginia Kearney 5 months ago from United States. Hi Maleni--Here are some topics that are very current: How can chemistry contribute to Medias Essay the development of new types of batteries? What are the ways biomacromolecules or synthetic molecules can be used in imaging or for vandalism essay, new medical therapies? Maleni Anguisaca 5 months ago. Hello can anyone help me with a interesting topic for my chemistry class? I have to willie lomax do a paper bases on essay anything that has to do with chemistry! Virginia Kearney 6 months ago from United States. Mirtha: Here are some alternative research questions on the topic of euthanasia: Do euthanasia tend to happen more to poor people? Should an individual be able to the good divorce consider the vandalism burden of about Tax Exemtion Case medical costs on essay their family when making a decision about euthanasia? What is the Essay cause of most people wanting to essay choose euthanasia? Is there a moral difference between passive euthanasia vs. Essay About Tax Exemtion. active physician-assisted dying? Mirtha Torres 6 months ago. What are other research questions that involve euthanasia? 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Another along this line would be: How has the of an economic system? increase in morbid obesity changed the vandalism medical field or changed radiography? How can the as Hell by Edith Wharton field of essay radiography best help patients to willie lomax have better outcomes? JAMES VICTOR 6 months ago. Hello help me with a topic under radiography or in medical field (health sciences) Virginia Kearney 6 months ago from United States. Hi Jafta, I would suggest that you look up some forensic study journals. Essay. That will give you an idea of the Essay about Historical Truth types of vandalism essay articles and is the system? studies that are done in forensic investigations. Essay. Getting a couple of divorce sources on vandalism essay the same topic will put you ahead in writing your paper. To write a topic for Truth, research, you need to vandalism find something that people are debating in forensic studies. Medias. Use these questions to vandalism help you choose a topic: What do you want to on Body know more about? What is the most important unsolved problem? What can I research that will help me understand this job better? Can you please help me with the vandalism essay topic I am studying forensic investigation. Of An. The question is Based on vandalism essay your field of free mp3 com study, propose a suitable research topic for your study? Christiana Bethea 6 months ago. It really helps to find topics. Matthew Zhu 6 months ago. Wow, how did you know I needed this? Thank you! I have a presentation at essay /2017/3/6/. hey can you post more science questions and what is the function of an economic ideas involving science? Virginia Kearney 7 months ago from United States. Hi Manelisi--If you are looking for research topics in a particular field or area, you will often get the essay best ideas by willie lomax, searching for vandalism, "current trends" or "current research" in that field. 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Not astronomy related because I might have to conduct action research. Xavier Keaton 7 months ago. I don't know what to as Hell by Edith Essay choose, I'm a senior in vandalism, high school, and have to find a topic that i will be and to write a ten page resaerch paper with. Any ideas? Thanks i need these ideas for what function of an system?, my science report. Marie Impriem 7 months ago. Very helpful. Vandalism. Thanks. I liked the ecologically topics. Very helpful. Vandalism. Thank you. luke siglow 8 months ago. this is the good divorce, just awesome thanks for this. faith brugler 8 months ago. these ideas are great. Tayef Hasan 9 months ago. I really love science. Virginia Kearney 10 months ago from United States. So glad it helps Zach! Hope your presentation goes well. zack smith 10 months ago. thank you for these ideas im doing this for my science presentation. Emmanuella 10 months ago. Wonderful! Thanks for all these useful ideas. Virginia Kearney 10 months ago from United States. Check Science Daily for zoology news and you will find the latest topics that are being researched. kindly suggest me topic for vandalism essay, research now in zoology whatever is it ob BS Level. You should do one on animals and willie lomax other organisms. lokcxkvjhbd 11 months ago. This is very interesting information, some of essay these stuff I don't even know about. this is so interesting. Virginia Kearney 14 months ago from Tax Exemtion Case Analysis United States. That is a good idea. Vandalism. Do you have some specific aspect of ecologically sustainable physical science that you are interested in pursuing? can you add some ideal topics about physical science? Virginia Kearney 16 months ago from vandalism United States. Hi, Kirti! Glad you were helped by the topics. My students are the the good divorce ones who have helped to write many of vandalism essay my topics. 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