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Nov 25, 2017 Harry terwilliger, write my paper me free - I’m an Android developer (at Aviary) and a New Yorker since late 2010. Harry. I’ve been also an actionscript and discipline of the python developer for terwilliger more than 10 years. I hear this every day. Your New York based company is desperately looking for an Android developer, and dorian it’s damn hard to harry terwilliger, find one. And you know what? This is discipline the birth, your fault . Terwilliger. I mean you, tech startup. E. Andersen. Yes, you. Almost all the startups I know here in NYC have launched their core product for iOS first (most of the PMs I’ve spoken with have said that was because of lack of harry people or time). And then, maybe, if there’s time… they start to realize they need to have an Android version of The Decision: Finding Essay their app. But by harry this point the job is not to “create” something, it’s just a “porting” job. Which, for obvious reasons, is discipline, a much less attractive job for terwilliger developers, just as it would be for a PM or a designer. Continue reading → Android – Create a Vignette effect. Let’s say you want to they form, want to harry, dynamically apply a “vignette” on Essay on The Fund Collapse, an ImageView. Something like this: These are basically 4 steps we need in order to terwilliger, accomplish the task: I’ve just created this simple Android library, inspired from the recent changes to the Google+ app, which introduced a floating action item to produced, the bottom. Terwilliger. In G+ the arthur action item appears and harry terwilliger disappears based on arthur e. andersen, the page scrolling. In the same way I’ve created this library, with some more customization options, like the gravity and harry direction of the floating menu items. Here’s a video of dorian a sample implementation: Source code and terwilliger documentation can be find on blanchard, the github project page: java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError workaround. If you ever worked with native shared libraries in harry terwilliger Android you’ve probably already faced the blanchard “java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError” java exception which randomly seems to happen on certain devices ( actually it’s happening on harry, xperia phones mostly, based on prison, my reports ). The problem is that Google basically marked all of them as “resolved”, even if developers are still complaining about harry terwilliger it. I recently added more changes to my forked version of the the things they good form Picasso library. Added withDelay(long ms) method in harry the RequestCreator class. Basically it will delay the load of the greek gods relationships passed resource by harry n milliseconds. In the Finding College original Picasso code all the harry terwilliger “complete” events are dispatched using a batch operation, this means that you can have at the same time 3/4 “complete” events being triggered, which eventually can cause lags in the UI. In this fork the batch is dorian blanchard, disabled by harry terwilliger default and can be re-enabled by the things they form using: Fork or download the harry terwilliger source from dorian GitHub: Link the library in your build.gradle: Recently I started using this nice library, Picasso, for my Android projects. Basically it’s a library which allows you to load any type of images (local or remote, assets or resources) asynchronously into terwilliger your ImageView. The Things. It will load them in terwilliger background for you, this not blocking the dorian blanchard UI. Harry Terwilliger. It has also an The Decision: College Essay, internal cache system and harry it also comes with some useful features like “fade” ( when an image is loaded into Bayou Hedge the view it will automatically create a fade in effect ), “transform” ( you want to harry, post transform the loaded bitmap ), “resize”, “fit” and more. You can find a better explanation of the project here: http://square.github.io/picasso/ By the way, long story short, as often happens, when you start to use a 3rd party library you also find it’s limitations and you want to Finding the Right Essay, make your own changes to harry terwilliger, fit your particular needs. In fact I made a fork of greek relationships this library starting adding my changes. Here’s a first list of changes I made: Added the terwilliger possibility to use an of the prison, external cache instance per terwilliger request. Cache cache = new LruCache( 1024*1024*1 ); Picasso.with( this ).load( file ).withCache( myCache ).into( imageView ); Remember to clear the discipline and punish: prison cache when you don’t need that anymore ( using cache.clear() ) Generators can be used to harry terwilliger, load images which cannot be loaded using the common scheme convention. From Little A Brief History Of The Post Dam. There are different situations when you need to harry terwilliger, generate a Bitmap which is e. andersen, not directly related to a file or url or even a real bitmap resource. In this case you can use the scheme “custom.resource” with a Generator. A Generator is a simple interface with only one method: Bitmap decode( String path ) throws IOException; So you can use a generator in harry this way: .load( Uri.parse( "custom.resource://" + file ) ) .withGenerator( new Generator() public Bitmap decode( String path ) throws IOException. Both the gods original Picasso methods resize and terwilliger resizeDimen have been modified in the followings new methods: public RequestCreator resize(int targetWidth, int targetHeight, boolean onlyIfBigger); basically you can pass an good form, option to terwilliger, skip the arthur resize operation if the terwilliger loaded bitmap is smaller than the the Right passed `targetWidth` and terwilliger `targetHeight` Picasso uses a default BitmapFactory.Options object, every time, to decode the good required Bitmap. I’ve added a method `withOptions` in harry terwilliger the RequestCreator which allow you to atp is produced by, pass your own Options object which will be used to decode the terwilliger image. Obtain styleable fields at runtime. Ususally, when we want to get some “R” attributes at Little Falls History Falls runtime, we use the harry terwilliger Resources getIdentifier method, which is useful for getting strings, drawables and College ids at harry runtime. Unfortunately this method cannot be used to get the styleable fields. However, using java reflections, there’s another way to blanchard, solve the terwilliger problem. A Brief Post. With this snippet you can get styleable fields at harry runtime in your code: // use reflection to and punish: of the, access the resource class. Field field = Class.forName( context.getPackageName() + ".R$styleable" ).getField( name ); if ( null != field ) return (T) field.get( null ); > catch ( Throwable t ) Which can be used in harry this way: array = context.obtainStyledAttributes( attrs, styleableArray, defStyle, 0 ); As you may have noticed I’m not working with flash and actionscript anymore. However I still receive some requests regarding the purePDF library I published, well I don’t remember when exactly 🙂 By the way, I decided to move the Power Post Falls code to github, thus it will be easier for terwilliger anyone still interested in that library to fork and add modifications and share to other people.<

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Harry Terwilliger (Character) - IMDb

Nov 25, 2017 Harry terwilliger, writing my research paper - The current Common Application, CA4, launched on August 1st, 2013, have been expanded and revised for harry, the 2017-18 college application cycle. Two new essay options have been added, and the things they carried, some of the harry, old questions have been revised. When CA4 launched, one of the biggest changes from the the things good, previous version was the essay section. Gone were the six essay prompts from the past decade, and harry, college applicants no longer had the discipline the birth of the, Topic of Your Choice option. With the harry terwilliger, 2017-18 udpates, that popular option is the Right College Essay, back again. The current prompts are the harry, result of much discussion and gods, debate from the harry terwilliger, member institutions who use the dorian, Common Application. With CA4, the length limit for harry terwilliger, the essay was increased from atp is by 500 words to harry terwilliger, 650 (the minimum is 250 words), and e. andersen, students will need to choose from the harry, seven options below. Essay? The new prompts are designed to encourage reflection and harry terwilliger, introspection. If your essay doesn't include some self-analysis, you haven't fully succeeded in responding to relationships, the prompt. Below are the seven options with some general tips for terwilliger, each: Some students have a background, identity, interest, or talent that is greek gods relationships, so meaningful they believe their application would be incomplete without it. Harry Terwilliger? If this sounds like you, then please share your story. "Identity" is at atp is produced by the heart of terwilliger this prompt. What is it that makes you you? The prompt gives you a lot of College latitude for answering the question since you can write a story about your "background, identity, interest, or talent." Your "background" can be a broad environmental factor that contributed to harry terwilliger, your development such as growing up in a military family, living in e. andersen an interesting place, or dealing with an harry unusual family situation. You could write about an event or series of Bayou events that had a profound impact on harry terwilliger, your identity. Dorian? Your "interest" or "talent" could be a passion that has driven you to harry, become the The Decision: the Right Essay, person you are today. However you approach the prompt, make sure you are inward looking and explain how and why the story you tell is so meaningful. The lessons we take from harry terwilliger obstacles we encounter can be fundamental to later success. Arthur? Recount a time when you faced a challenge, setback, or failure. Terwilliger? How did it affect you, and atp is produced, what did you learn from the experience? This prompt may seem to harry, go against everything that you've learned on your path to college. It's far more comfortable in the Right an application to celebrate successes and harry terwilliger, accomplishments than it is to relationships, discuss setbacks and failure. At the same time, you'll impress the college admissions folks greatly if you can show your ability to harry, learn from atp is your failures and harry terwilliger, mistakes. Be sure to atp is produced by, devote significant space to harry, the second half of the question—how did you learn and grow from the discipline and punish: the birth prison, experience? Introspection and honesty are key with this prompt. Reflect on a time when you questioned or challenged a belief or idea. Harry? What prompted your thinking? What was the outcome? Keep in Bayou Hedge mind how open-ended this prompt truly is. The "belief or idea" you explore could be your own, someone else's, or that of a group. The best essays will be honest as they explore the terwilliger, difficulty of working against the status quo or a firmly held belief. The answer to the final question about the "outcome" of your challenge need not be a success story. Sometimes in retrospection, we discover that the cost of an e. andersen action was perhaps too great. However you approach this prompt, your essay needs to reveal one of your core personal values. If the harry, belief you challenged doesn't give the greek gods, admissions folks a window into your personality, then you haven't succeeded with this prompt. Describe a problem you've solved or a problem you'd like to solve. It can be an harry intellectual challenge, a research query, an ethical dilemma--anything that is of personal importance, no matter the scale. Blanchard? Explain its significance to terwilliger, you and what steps you took or could be taken to identify a solution. Here, again, the blanchard, Common Application gives you a lot of options for approaching the harry, question. With the ability to write about an "intellectual challenge, a research query, an atp is ethical dilemma," you can essentially write about any issue that you find important. Harry? Note that you do not have to have solved the problem, and discipline and punish: the birth of the prison, some of the best essays will explore problems that need to terwilliger, be solved in the future. Essay On The Bayou Hedge? Be careful with that opening word "describe"--you'll want to spend much more time analyzing the terwilliger, problem than describing it. Essay On The? This essay prompt, like all of the options, is asking you to harry, be introspective and share with the admissions folks what it is arthur, that you value. Discuss an harry accomplishment, event, or realization that sparked a period of personal growth and Falls Power A Brief History of the Post Falls Dam, a new understanding of harry terwilliger yourself or others. This question has been reworded for atp is produced by, 2017-18, and the current language is harry terwilliger, a huge improvement. The prompt use to Power Producer: History Post Falls Dam, talk about transitioning from childhood to adulthood, but the harry, new language about Essay Bayou Fund Collapse a "period of terwilliger personal growth" is dorian blanchard, a much better articulation of harry terwilliger how we actual learn and mature (no single event makes us adults). The Decision: Finding The Right College? Maturity comes as the harry, result of they good a long train of events and harry terwilliger, accomplishments (and failures). This prompt is an excellent choice if you want to Essay on The Hedge Fund, explore a single event or achievement that marked a clear milestone in your personal development. Be careful to harry terwilliger, avoid the "hero" essay—admissions offices are often overrun with essays about the gods relationships, season-winning touchdown or brilliant performance in terwilliger the school play (see my list of dorian bad essay topics). These can certainly be fine topics for harry, an essay, but make sure your essay is analyzing your personal growth process, not bragging about an discipline and punish: the birth of the accomplishment. Describe a topic, idea, or concept you find so engaging that it makes you lose all track of time. Why does it captivate you? What or who do you turn to harry, when you want to blanchard, learn more? This option is entirely new for 2017, and it's a wonderfully broad prompt. In essence, it's asking you to identify and discuss something that enthralls you. The question gives you an opportunity to identify something that kicks your brain into high gear, reflect on why it is so stimulating, and reveal your process for terwilliger, digging deeper into something that you are passionate about. Note that the central words here—"topic, idea, or concept"—all have rather academic connotations. While you may lose track of time when running or playing football, sports are probably not the From Little Falls to Major Producer: A Brief of the Falls, best choice for this particular question. Share an essay on harry, any topic of your choice. Little To Major History Of The Dam? It can be one you've already written, one that responds to a different prompt, or one of your own design. The popular "topic of your choice" option had been removed from the Common Application between 2013 and harry terwilliger, 2016, but it's now back again for the 2017-18 admissions cycle. Use this option if you have a story to share that doesn't quite fit into discipline and punish: the birth of the prison any of the harry, options above. Dorian? However, the terwilliger, first six topics are extremely broad with a lot of flexibility, so make sure your topic really can't be identified with one of them. The Things Carried Form? Also, don't equate "topic of harry terwilliger your choice" with a license to write a comedy routine or poem (you can submit such things via the discipline prison, "Additional Info" option). Essays written for this prompt still need to harry terwilliger, have substance and tell your reader something about you. Discipline The Birth Of The Prison? Cleverness is fine, but don't be clever at terwilliger the expense of meaningful content. Some Final Thoughts: Whichever prompt you chose, make sure you are looking inward. Good? What do you value? What has made you grow as a person? What makes you the harry, unique individual the The Decision: Finding, admissions folks will want to invite to harry terwilliger, join their campus community? The best essays spend significant time with self-analysis, and they don't spend a disproportionate amount of time merely describing a place or event. Analysis, not description, will reveal the dorian, critical thinking skills that are the terwilliger, hallmark of gods a promising college student. The folks at terwilliger The Common Application have cast a wide net with these questions, and dorian, nearly anything you want to harry terwilliger, write about could fit under at gods least one of the options.<

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Harry Terwilliger | People/Characters | LibraryThing

Nov 25, 2017 Harry terwilliger, do my essay for me - First published: 9 December 2004 Full publication history DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-1842.2004.00543.x View/save citation Cited by harry terwilliger (CrossRef): 4 articles Check for dorian blanchard, updates. Alison Alborz, National Primary Care Research and harry, Development Centre, 5th Floor, Williamson Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK. E-mail: alison.alborz@man.ac.uk. Objectives:  To develop methods to facilitate the blanchard, ‘systematic’ review of harry, evidence from Finding Essay a range of methodologies on harry terwilliger diffuse or ‘soft’ topics, as exemplified by ‘access to health care’. Data sources:  Twenty-eight bibliographic databases, research registers, organizational websites or library catalogues. Reference lists from From Little Producer: History Falls identified studies. Terwilliger! Contact with experts and service users. Essay On The Hedge Fund Collapse! Current awareness and contents alerting services in harry, the area of learning disabilities. Review methods:  Inclusion criteria were English language literature from gods 1980 onwards, relating to harry terwilliger, people with learning disabilities of any age and dorian, all study designs. The main criteria for assessment was relevance to Guillifords’ model of access to harry terwilliger, health care which was adapted to the circumstances of people with learning disabilities. Selected studies were evaluated for scientific rigour then data was extracted and the results synthesized. The Decision: The Right College Essay! Quality assessment was by an initial set of ‘generic’ quality indicators. This enabled further evidence selection before evaluation of findings according to terwilliger, specific criteria for greek gods, qualitative, quantitative or mixed-method studies. Results:  Eighty-two studies were fully evaluated. Five studies were rated ‘highly rigorous’, 22 ‘rigorous’, 46 ‘less rigorous’ and terwilliger, nine ‘poor’ papers were retained as the sole evidence covering aspects of the the things they carried good, guiding model. The majority of studies were quantitative but used only descriptive statistics. Most evidence lacked methodological detail, which often lowered final quality ratings. Conclusions:  The application of a consistent structure to quality evaluation can facilitate data appraisal, extraction and synthesis across a range of harry terwilliger, methodologies in gods relationships, diffuse or ‘soft’ topics. Synthesis can be facilitated further by using software, such as the microsoft ‘access’ database, for managing information. The evidence base to harry terwilliger, inform methods for carrying out systematic reviews is From Little Power Producer: of the Post Falls, developing rapidly. The Health Technology Assessment programme has funded a number of studies to further our understanding of the harry terwilliger, application of aspects of the and punish: the birth of the prison, systematic review process. 1–4 The growth of the harry terwilliger, Cochrane Methodology Register, 5 which conducts and monitors this research, also reflects the development of arthur, this subject. This is the second of terwilliger, two papers on literature review methodology in diffuse subject areas. The first focused on and punish: of the identification of terwilliger, relevant literature. The Birth! 6 This paper describes an approach to the evaluation of harry terwilliger, quality across research employing different methods, used for greek relationships, a review of harry, a ‘diffuse’ topic—‘access to health care’. As the amount of published research evidence increases exponentially, syntheses of From Little to Major Producer: A Brief of the Post, evidence are an important resource in harry terwilliger, informing decision making by policy makers, practitioners and health service users. 7 The evaluation of literature described here was part of From Little Falls to Major Power Producer: History Falls, a literature review funded by the National Co-ordinating Centre for Service Delivery and Organization research programme (NCCSDO), which has itself produced guidance on methods for harry, researching the the things they, organization and delivery of terwilliger, health services. 8 The purpose of review in this context is to summarize the available evidence to inform decision-making within health care services, while identifying areas where research is lacking. It is against Finding the Right, this background of harry terwilliger, increased commissioning of literature reviews in the things they good form, diffuse topics 9 that the harry, role of the librarian in the systematic review process is arthur e. andersen, now being highlighted. 10. Literature reviews that examine services must place the research evidence in context. Harry Terwilliger! To this end, the review included a consultation (described in greek gods relationships, the first paper 6 ) to gather evidence on barriers to, and harry terwilliger, facilitators of, access to health care for greek gods, people with learning disabilities. The challenges in developing systematic review methods include how to incorporate evidence using different research methodologies into a single review 11 and how to terwilliger, include different types of ‘knowledge’, such as that gathered from produced consultation, generated to meet the need of terwilliger, stakeholders. 12 We felt it was important to Essay on The, discriminate between different types of harry, ‘evidence’ and ‘knowledge’ as research evidence, in itself, is Essay Bayou Fund, of limited value unless stakeholders are able to harry terwilliger, translate it into their own context and use it to dorian blanchard, support their practice or decision making. Only when this translation has taken place can research evidence be said to harry terwilliger, have become ‘knowledge’ either tacitly or formally within organizations. Different types of evidence are recognized as being more or less valid, depending on their quality and the purpose for greek gods, which they were gathered. The consultation exercise gathered non-written forms of evidence and was designed to capture the tacit and experiential knowledge of harry terwilliger, service users. Identification of evidence context is arthur e. andersen, one area where the harry, librarian can make a significant contribution to Essay on The Bayou Hedge, the review process. The concept of terwilliger, ‘access to health care’ is multi-faceted with barriers and The Decision:, facilitators operating both outside and across health services. Capturing the available evidence, therefore, required identification of literature across a range of harry, disciplines, as well as consideration of its concern to a range of stakeholders. Relationships! Details of the model of access used and search strategy are given in the previous paper. 6 The full report is available on the SDO website. 13. There are two ways in which the rationale for the methods employed in this review differed from a systematic review of harry, effectiveness. Firstly, it was deemed inappropriate to e. andersen, adopt criterion for study design, or ‘hierarchy of evidence’ 14 because research evidence on diffuse topics is likely to reflect a plurality of harry, methods and approaches, in keeping with their multi-faceted nature. We, therefore, made no value judgements about the relative merits of discipline and punish: the birth prison, qualitative vs. Harry Terwilliger! quantitative method, but reasoned that it was possible and justifiable to not limit evidence to blanchard, a particular methodological approach or study type. Secondly, as a key purpose of the review was to harry terwilliger, identify gaps in the evidence base and practical interventions to promote ‘access’, it was important not to exclude research solely on on The Bayou Fund Collapse the basis of poor methodological quality. It was acknowledged that such research could be substantive in illuminating the underpinning model, or ‘innovative’ in terms of potential for future service development. A conscious decision was therefore made to balance the ‘signal’ of terwilliger, a publication (i.e. our judgement of its potential value to discipline and punish: prison, illuminating access to health care for people with learning disabilities) against its ‘noise’ or poor methodological quality. 15. Quality evaluation tool development. Critical appraisal of the literature in harry terwilliger, this review draws on blanchard a number of harry, established criteria 16,17 and approaches. 18–20 There is some agreement on the most important elements of dorian blanchard, research that embody methodological and epistemological quality that should be appraised to establish the credentials of evidence. In diffuse topics, many titles and/or abstracts retrieved are inadequate, there can be an harry terwilliger, extensive grey literature and, almost certainly, use of a wide range of methodologies. Finding! It is, therefore, preferable to use a parsimonious tool that provides opportunities to decide further analysis is unproductive. The quality evaluation tool described here was designed to incorporate the terwilliger, multifarious nature of arthur e. andersen, research evidence on ‘access to health care’ and harry terwilliger, provide two opportunities for e. andersen, data rejection before appraisal of findings and final quality rating. Quality evaluation tool summary. Use of the harry terwilliger, tool is Falls Producer: Post Dam, dependent on an adequate appreciation of the terwilliger, issues denoting rigour in qualitative and greek gods relationships, quantitative research. These are alluded to terwilliger, in the description of this tool, however, the Essay Fund, reader is terwilliger, recommended to see the work of Popay, Rogers and atp is by, Williams 18 and Mays and Pope 19 regarding evaluation of qualitative research, and Gomm 21 for harry terwilliger, a discussion of the issues affecting quality in From Little Falls to Major Power Producer: History of the Falls Dam, quantitative research. Phase 1—paper identifiers and assessment of relevance. Fields—author(s), title, source, year, study type.  Paper identifiers (noted above) were recorded for every paper. Those not relevant to our model on harry terwilliger examining the the things they carried, full text were discarded and terwilliger, the reason noted. Bayou Hedge Collapse! Full details of selection criteria are given in the first paper. 6. Phase 2—evaluation of methodological rigour. Part 1. Method—fields: design, aims, participants, instruments.  Methodological details were recorded for remaining papers. The design and other details informed assessment of terwilliger, methodological quality, and enabled the carried form, reviewer to interpret the findings in terwilliger, context during synthesis. Adequate description of Essay on The Bayou Hedge Fund, methodological detail in research papers is crucial to evaluation of quality. 22. Part 2. Methodological quality indicators—fields: clarity of aims, appropriateness of design, clarity of terwilliger, context/setting description, sampling adequacy, data collection technique adequacy, data analysis techniques adequacy.  These indicators were applied to both quantitative and qualitative papers as they have been identified as central to methodological rigour in The Decision: the Right, both types of research. 18,19,21. It is a prerequisite of harry terwilliger, any piece of Little to Major A Brief of the Post Dam, rigorous research that the harry terwilliger, aim of the study, hypothesis or research question is clearly stated as this is the yardstick against dorian, which findings are considered. Terwilliger! The design of the study should then be capable of carried form, providing evidence to harry terwilliger, answer the question, support or refute the hypothesis. The reader is unable to adequately assess the on The Fund Collapse, extent to which findings provide answers to terwilliger, research questions without knowledge of the context within which the research was conducted. Discipline And Punish: The Birth! Settings may exert significant influence on outcomes. For example, interviews conducted in terwilliger, participants’ own homes may allow more reflective and open comment than those either conducted in the high street or in greek gods, the presence of an authority figure such as their manager, doctor or teacher. Issues of harry terwilliger, sampling also have a bearing on research outcome. Little To Major History Post Falls Dam! In quantitative research, considerations of harry terwilliger, statistical power 23 often mean that large numbers of participants must be included in the things carried good, order to detect statistically significant effects. In qualitative research, the absolute number of harry, participants is less significant than the range 18 whose experiences reflect different perspectives on the research subject and greek gods, therefore allow a more considered analysis of the topic. Methods used to collect data also influence outcome. Face-to-face interview, telephone interview, postal survey, using structured, semi-structured or grounded questioning/interviewing will all produce data, but with varying levels of harry terwilliger, detail. Data collection must be appropriate to the aims of the greek gods, study and its participants. Data analysis, therefore, whether conducted on terwilliger conclusion of greek, data collection, as in much quantitative research, or concurrently, as is harry terwilliger, common in qualitative research, needs to be appropriate to the sample, type of data collected and the question it is trying to answer. Part 3. Relationships! Review organisers—fields: area of terwilliger, model, age group, severity of disability.  Details were recorded of atp is by, which aspects of the model were covered in the paper, participants’ age group and harry terwilliger, disability range. The review aimed to atp is by, reflect differences in access to health care across the terwilliger, lifespan and any effect severity of disability had on access. These details were recorded at this point to aid decisions on the usefulness of including the Essay on The Bayou Fund, paper where the indicators showed the harry, study to be lacking rigour. The remaining analysis was differentiated by method, however, the From Little to Major Producer: A Brief History Post, overall structure for each section was consistent. Part 1. Key findings.  Findings from the research paper, relevant to harry, the review topic, were recorded. Part 2. Evaluation of findings by greek gods method.  Whether the harry terwilliger, findings connected with existing bodies of knowledge, or generated new research evidence, was considered and formed the Little A Brief History Post, ‘knowledge indicator’. Such connections were considered to signify rigour by terwilliger positioning the Hedge, findings within the harry terwilliger, wider evidence base. This involved reflection on the findings and their relation to evidence cited in the introduction to gods relationships, the paper, as well as other ‘bodies of knowledge’ that the terwilliger, reviewer became aware of through the the things they carried good, process of review. Quantitative studies were assessed with respect to the aim of the terwilliger, research and gods relationships, particularly whether confounding may offer an alternative explanation to the findings and whether there had been attempts to control for, recognize and terwilliger, address, confounding. Atp Is Produced By! 20 Confounding occurs where statistical significance, or association, is apparent between an harry, independent and dependent (or outcome) variable, but may in fact be attributable to produced, a third factor, or variable, that is harry terwilliger, related to both. For example, research may demonstrate a statistical relationship between socio-economic status (SES) and by, computer literacy amongst 8-year-old children. Further investigation may suggest that an harry terwilliger, intermediate factor—access to carried, a computer—may mediate the relationship between SES and harry terwilliger, computer literacy. The research is therefore confounded, as it is Essay, unclear whether SES relates to aptitude or opportunity differences between the harry terwilliger, children. Qualitative research was assessed using established standards 18,19 with particular consideration given to discipline and punish:, the validity and adequacy of studies. This was judged through theoretical and harry, conceptual adequacy—clarity of description, logic of analysis, imagination in interpretation, coherence, fairness, honesty—and transferability of relationships, findings. For both types of study, consideration was given to its policy relevance—the extent that the study addresses issues of concern to practitioners and policy makers and empowers service users. Part 3. Notes—idiomatic translation.  The quality evaluation tool uses a heuristic approach to the exploration of the literature, rather than rigid criteria. It was designed to harry terwilliger, include idiomatic translation of findings, to arthur, place the study within the terwilliger, wider literature. Atp Is Produced By! Notes were therefore made on the focus of the terwilliger, research and its fit within the arthur, model of harry, access guiding the review, along with other relevant concerns. The literature reflected a wide range of themes, disciplines and prison, paradigms, which represented forms of terwilliger, narrative and therefore issues of audience, language and knowledge. Essay Hedge Fund Collapse! This is in keeping with literature synthesis as a form of ethnography where the harry terwilliger, synthesiser identifies key metaphors and concepts in greek gods relationships, order to understand competing ‘world views’ of a topic. Terwilliger! 24 This section guided final synthesis. Mixed method studies underwent both types of evaluation for their component parts. The Things They! Final consideration was given to terwilliger, whether these met quality criteria and were adequately integrated. Part 4. Final quality rating.  Taking all the The Decision: the Right, above factors into account, studies were allocated a quality rating as described below. 1 Highly rigorous—all or most quality indicators met including knowledge indicator. 2 Rigorous—main quality indicators met including knowledge indicator. 3 Less rigorous—some lack of methodological detail but knowledge indicator met. 4 Poor—lack of methodological detail and/or knowledge indicator not met. Two researchers were involved in reviewing literature but, given that over terwilliger 800 papers were identified as potentially relevant and there was a timescale of 1 year, it was not possible for both researchers to review every paper. It was therefore important to ensure that the tool provided a firm structure through which a thorough review would be conducted consistently. Atp Is By! The tool was piloted on a sample of harry terwilliger, six qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-method papers, to allow reviewer familiarization and evaluate its capacity to capture the dimensions of the publications to e. andersen, be assessed. Harry Terwilliger! Comparisons were made between three sets of Hedge, completed assessments and discrepancies discussed. A further three sets of papers were then completed in light of these discussions to ensure compatibility between the terwilliger, reviewers in application of the tool. The pilot phase was brief, but considered adequate, as the reviewers were not expected to conduct their reviews in isolation. They were able to meet to greek, discuss and terwilliger, learn from discrepancies and generate a consistent method for dealing with future cases. Greek Gods Relationships! The co-location of the reviewers was an harry, important factor in being able to conduct data extraction and evaluation in this way. As a result of the pilot exercise, some amendments were made to the tool to extend the number of College Essay, options for classifying the terwilliger, literature by type, design, age group and disability range. Discipline! The number of terwilliger, coding boxes for The Decision: Finding the Right College Essay, identifying the areas of the harry terwilliger, model explored by greek gods relationships the publication were also increased from terwilliger three to five. The tool was then converted into Essay Hedge Fund, a database format using Microsoft ‘Access’ software. Harry! The evaluation of greek gods relationships, all remaining papers was carried out by entering data directly onto the database. Application of the evaluation tool. The tool facilitated ‘funnelling’ of literature, 22 that is stages of terwilliger, manual scanning and filtering search results to compensate for the lower level of specificity occurring in dorian blanchard, diffuse topic searches. The process is illustrated in terwilliger, Fig. Finding Essay! 2 below. Funnelling of references. *Discarded studies were methodologically poor and covered areas of terwilliger, model where more rigorous studies were identified, or they applied to health care in the USA. Stage 1—initial inclusion/exclusion. Stage 1 funnelling was completed during the search phase where inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied to records retrieved from databases (titles and abstracts). Of the 2221 records screened, 839 appeared to arthur e. andersen, meet our criteria. Terwilliger! This stage was deliberately over inclusive because we did not wish to exclude relevant papers/publications because of obscure titling or inadequate abstracts (see first paper 6 ). Gods! Implementation of terwilliger, ‘quality evaluation’ therefore began in earnest with the consideration of these 839 records. Twelve of the 839 ‘relevant’ publications identified were unobtainable. The reviewers considered the full text of Power A Brief History of the Falls, remaining publications. After recording paper identifiers, confirmation was sought that the terwilliger, paper addressed one or more of the areas of the greek, model adopted for harry, the research. E. Andersen! Any publication where the assessor was unsure or doubtful was discussed jointly to harry, agree a status. Six hundred and blanchard, forty-four publications did not address ‘access’ as defined by our criteria and were abandoned. Stage 3—methodological quality evaluation. Twenty-four of the harry terwilliger, 183 publications confirmed relevant were reviews. These were read to produced, ensure that papers we had failed to identify were included. Terwilliger! Methodological rigour was poor on many of the remaining papers. The audiences for these publications were often practitioners, and evidence cited based on dorian blanchard very small samples or anecdotes of experience. A few studies surviving to this stage addressed access to the insurance-based health care system in the USA and were therefore not included. Papers were read fully and assessed against a ‘generic’ set of terwilliger, methodological quality indicators as described above. Gods! This involved considering the background to terwilliger, the investigation, its aims in carried good form, relation to harry, these issues, and the appropriateness of the methodological and Falls Power A Brief Falls Dam, analytical techniques employed. The areas of the harry, model of dorian, ‘access’ covered in the study, age groups and harry, disability range were recorded and used to organize the gods, review in terwilliger, synthesis. And Punish: The Birth Of The! These items were valuable for highlighting ‘gaps’ in harry terwilliger, research. Papers which scored well on these ‘generic’ quality indicators, and/or those that applied to areas of the model for which no more rigorous literature was identified, proceeded to a detailed evaluation of produced by, their findings based on study design. Poor quality papers had their limitations made explicit. Stage 4—method specific quality evaluation. Eighty-two studies were considered of harry terwilliger, adequate quality and they carried good, relevance to the ‘access’ model including 15 qualitative, 62 quantitative and five mixed-method studies. These proceeded to the final stage of harry terwilliger, evaluation of the Right Essay, findings according to specific quality criteria. The data extraction and quality evaluation process included evaluation of the terwilliger, literature using both literal and idiomatic techniques. Dorian! 24 That is, the main details of each paper were transcribed literally (word for harry, word) from the original text onto From Falls to Major Producer: A Brief of the Post Falls, the quality evaluation pro-forma to accurately represent original findings. These were then evaluated in light of the criteria for the study type, as described above and, using idiomatic translation, comments were added on the quality, paradigms and terwilliger, approaches used, comparisons with previously reviewed literature and the things carried, relationship to the model. Idiomatic translation identifies the harry terwilliger, underlying ‘meaning’ of the discipline prison, text, from harry its literal meaning, and has been highlighted as a precursor for and punish: of the prison, synthesizing and interpreting qualitative literature into a new construction or dialectic. 24 Diffuse literature review needs to recognize competing ‘world views’ and harry terwilliger, evaluate their relevance to the model employed. This translation means that reviewer perspectives, along with the blanchard, substance of the terwilliger, literature, are reflected in synthesis of findings. This is a feature of literature review in more diffuse, ‘soft’ topics. Final ratings are shown in greek, Fig. Terwilliger! 2. Many papers evaluated failed to attain higher ratings as a result of lack of detail on the birth the methodology, which made judgements on confounding, representativeness and harry terwilliger, transferability difficult. The nature of the topic meant that statistical analysis in the vast majority of quantitative papers was merely descriptive. Statistical considerations were therefore not critical to evaluation and many of the papers rated ‘less rigorous’ were considered adequate in terms of the soundness of the Falls A Brief History of the Post Dam, data on which conclusions were based. Use of harry, a Microsoft ‘Access’ database to manage information generated by data extraction and and punish: the birth, evaluation proved invaluable. It allowed the reviewer to extract data easily according to areas of the model underpinning the harry, literature review. By! Equally important, in the light of harry terwilliger, evidence from the the birth of the, consultation exercise, it enabled us to describe the harry, distribution of the The Decision: the Right Essay, evidence across the harry, model and discipline and punish: prison, hence identify ‘gaps’. Time and effort in converting the terwilliger, hard copy pro-forma to Little Falls Power Producer: A Brief of the Post Falls, a database format were more than repaid at this stage. The type of literature evaluation described here is increasingly being commissioned to inform decision making on future priorities for research, and to harry terwilliger, assess the impact of on The Bayou Fund Collapse, policy 9,25 from a stakeholder perspective. This has implications for harry, the research infrastructure, of Little to Major of the Falls, which librarians are part, in terms of capacity and terwilliger, skills to respond. Librarians are familiar with literature across a range of gods relationships, methods and terwilliger, disciplines and dorian blanchard, are therefore well placed to harry, contribute to the evaluation of literature, particularly in identifying and categorizing the different narratives that converge in a diffuse topic. Identifying the underlying assumptions, or ontology, on which research is The Decision:, based draws on terwilliger traditional librarian skills of produced, classifying the literature. Terwilliger! The evaluation phase of the literature review required the authors to focus on the content of the evidence gathered during which the on The Hedge Collapse, librarian identified and categorized the harry, variety of ‘world views’ 24 reflected. This facilitated the mapping of the literature. Quantitative papers using parametric statistics, although a small proportion of the studies using this methodology, were evaluated by greek gods relationships the first author who has the terwilliger, necessary skills in Little Producer: History of the Post, this area. Critical appraisal of quantitative research and statistical methods has been identified as a skills gap among health librarians. Harry! To contribute effectively to all stages of the The Decision: the Right College Essay, systematic review process, and provide an evidence-based service, it is important that skills are developed in terwilliger, this area. 26. The quality appraisal tool was devised by the first author, drawing on the things form her research experience. However, ensuring the tool was ‘fit for harry terwilliger, purpose’ required further development work during the The Decision: College Essay, pilot phase as the tool was applied to harry, a variety of produced by, literature. Librarians have done a good deal of work in harry terwilliger, assisting research users to identify and arthur e. andersen, apply the plethora of harry terwilliger, quality evaluation tools and checklists available, through the From Little Falls Producer: A Brief History of the Post Dam, Critical Appraisal Skills Programme 27 (CASP). They can extend this role by contributing to the development and piloting of harry terwilliger, quality appraisal tools, by using their extensive knowledge of the literature, and by atp is produced further testing and applying these tools in subsequent literature reviews. To this end, participating in all stages of a literature review, from the funding proposal to harry terwilliger, the dissemination of findings, can provide a vehicle for Finding the Right College Essay, developing the role of the terwilliger, librarian in the health services context. At the discipline the birth, same time, their developing research skills will enable them to conduct research both on the services they provide and, as a member of harry terwilliger, a team, on the birth prison research projects. Implications for systematic review methods. Literature reviews of diffuse concepts require additional stages of manual sieving, or ‘funnelling’ data, as final criteria for inclusion only emerge after examining the full range of available literature. 22 A high level of wastage would then seem to be an unavoidable feature of this type of review as many references initially obtained as of potential, or undeterminable, relevance are later discarded on harry examining the form, full text. The evaluation of the literature was an harry, intense, iterative process, reflecting the developing literature around quality assessment in qualitative research, which suggests that further criteria refinement may be necessary during evaluation as qualitative research incorporates a wide range of From Little Falls to Major Power A Brief History, techniques and approaches. Harry! 28. The development and piloting of the the things good form, quality appraisal tool was of harry, necessity a rapid process. The Decision: The Right College Essay! Time limitations also meant the literature had to harry terwilliger, be divided between the two authors. However, ongoing consultation was conducted as necessary. Given more time, each paper could have been evaluated by both assessors. Little To Major Producer: A Brief Post Dam! This would have enhanced the scientific validity of the review findings by enabling calculation of inter-rater reliability, and further assessment of the evaluation tool. A common practice in harry terwilliger, literature review, particularly within short timescales, is for they carried form, reviewers to take the lead on specific pieces of the overall work, which are later assembled and harry terwilliger, honed into dorian blanchard, a complete review. Harry Terwilliger! The advantage of researchers reviewing the on The Fund, full range, as opposed to terwilliger, carving out dorian discreet areas of the literature, is the depth of harry terwilliger, knowledge acquired around the topic. As quality appraisal progressed, the arthur e. andersen, reviewers’ understanding of the harry terwilliger, literature and its relationship to produced, the model of ‘access to harry, health care’ deepened and From Little Falls Producer: of the, they were therefore able to feed this more rounded or ‘holistic’ view into the synthesis. The authors plan to further test and develop the tool and would encourage other researchers and practitioners involved in terwilliger, reviewing different types of evidence to Falls Producer: History of the Post Falls, provide feedback on harry its use. In this regard, the section of the evaluation tool entitled ‘Area(s) of the model’ was specific to the research project described here. However, this section is interchangeable and could be replaced with criteria from models or frameworks underpinning any review through which the evidence is to be organized. Finally, this literature review adopted a relativist approach congruent with the on The, multi-faceted nature of health care service delivery, recognizing that human activity reveals a wide range of subjective perspectives and harry terwilliger, narratives. Unlike traditional systematic reviewing, therefore, all methodological perspectives and types of publication were considered valid. E. Andersen! Consequently, the findings of this review challenge conventional ways of delivering health services by identifying both the ‘thick’ and ‘thin’ descriptions 29 of harry terwilliger, contextual factors that may result in failure to gain access to services by people with learning disabilities. The authors believe that the value of Essay Hedge Fund Collapse, this approach to literature review is demonstrated by the range and terwilliger, depth of publications identified and gaps in greek, knowledge highlighted. They suggest that it is terwilliger, possible to conduct such reviews systematically, although they do not constitute a ‘systematic review’ in the traditional sense. We thank our colleagues Angela Swallow and Caroline Glendinning, all those who participated in the consultation exercise and Finding the Right Essay, the NCC SDO for funding this project. A full report of the project is harry, available from the dorian, NCC SDO website at: http://www.sdo.lshtm.ac.uk/access.htm. Harry Terwilliger! The full quality evaluation tool is available on the NPCRDC, University of Fund, Manchester website at: http://www.npcrdc.ac.uk/publications/Quality%20Evaluation%20Tool.doc. •  Participating in the evaluation phase of a literature review is harry terwilliger, a valuable role that provides skill development opportunities for The Decision: Finding Essay, health librarians. •  Traditional librarian skills of harry terwilliger, organizing and classifying information can assist in carried, identifying and mapping underlying themes and harry, components in produced by, literature reviews of terwilliger, diffuse topics. Dorian Blanchard! •  Librarians need training in terwilliger, both qualitative and quantitative methods, and evaluation of research quality to the things they carried good form, participate in research and harry, become evidence-based practitioners. Issue online: 9 December 2004 Version of record online: 9 December 2004. 1 Moher, D. Atp Is! , Pham, B. Harry! , Lawson, M. Arthur! L. Terwilliger! & Klassen, T. Essay On The Bayou! P. The inclusion of reports of terwilliger, randomised trials published in Essay on The Fund Collapse, languages other than English in systematic reviews . Health Technology Assessment 2003 , 7 , 1 – 90 . Terwilliger! CrossRef | PubMed | CAS 2 Sutton, A. Arthur! , Abrams, K. , Jones, D. Terwilliger! , Sheldon, T. Dorian Blanchard! & Song, F. Harry! Systematic reviews of trials and other studies . Health Technology Assessment 1998 , 2 , 1 – 276 . PubMed | CAS | Web of Science® Times Cited: 2 3 Song, F. , Eastwoood, A. , Gilbody, S. , Duley, L. & Sutton, A. Publication and related biases . Health Technology Assessment 2000 , 4 , 1 – 115 . E. Andersen! PubMed 4 Egger, M. Harry Terwilliger! , Juni, P. Atp Is! , Bartlett, C. , Holenstein, F. Harry Terwilliger! & Sterne, J. How important are comprehensive literature searches and the assessment of trial quality in systematic reviews? Empirical study . Arthur! Health Technology Assessment 2003 , 7 , 1 – 76 . Harry Terwilliger! PubMed | CAS 5 The Cochrane Methodology Register . In: The Cochrane Library . Issue 2. Discipline The Birth Of The! Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2004 . 6 McNally, R. & Alborz, A. Developing methods for systematic reviewing in health services delivery and organisation: an example from a review of terwilliger, access to health care for people with learning disabilities. I. Identifying the literature . Health Information and Libraries Journal 2004 , 21 , 182 – 93 . Wiley Online Library | PubMed 7 Boaz, A. , Ashby, D. & Young, K. Systematic reviews: what have they got to atp is produced, offer evidence based policy and practice? ESRC UK Centre for harry, Evidence Based Policy and Practice: Working Paper 2. London: ESRC UK Centre for Hedge, Evidence Based Policy and Practice, Queen Mary, University of London, 2002 . 8 Fulop, N. , Allen, P. , Clarke, A. Terwilliger! & Black, N. Dorian! (eds). Terwilliger! Studying the Producer:, Organisation and harry, Delivery of greek gods relationships, Health Services Research Methods. Terwilliger! London: Routledge, 2001 . 9 Grayson, L. & Gomersall, A. A difficult business: finding the arthur, evidence for terwilliger, social science reviews . Essay Bayou Hedge! ESRC UK Centre for Evidence Based Policy and Practice: Working Paper 19. London: ESRC UK Centre for Evidence Based Policy and Practice, Queen Mary, University of harry, London, 2003 . 10 Beverley, C. Atp Is Produced! , Booth, A. & Bath, P. The role of the information specialist in the systematic review process: a health information case study . Health Information and Libraries Journal 2003 , 20 , 64 – 75 . Harry! Wiley Online Library 11 Thomas, J. , Harden, A. , Oakley, A. Arthur! , Oliver, S. Harry! , Sutcliffe, K. Arthur E. Andersen! , Rees, R. , Brunton, G. & Kavanagh, J. Harry! Integrating qualitative research with trials in systematic reviews . British Medical Journal 2004 , 328 , 1010 – 2 . The Birth Prison! CrossRef | PubMed | Web of harry terwilliger, Science® Times Cited: 52 12 Pawson, R. , Boaz, A. , Grayson, L. , Long, A. & Barnes, C. Types and carried, quality of knowledge in terwilliger, social care . Knowledge Review 3. London: Social Care Institute for Excellence, 2004 : 1–83. 13 Alborz, A. On The Bayou Collapse! , McNally, R. , Swallow, A. & Glendinning, C. Terwilliger! From the cradle to the grave . A Literature Review of Access to Health Care for People with Learning Disabilties. Manchester: National Primary Care Research and Deevlopment Centre, University of Manchester, 2003. Available from: http://www.sdo.lshtm.ac.uk/access.htm. 14 Sackett, D. Essay On The Bayou! L. Terwilliger! , Richardson, W. S. , Rosenberg, W. & Hayes, R. B. Evidence Based Medicine: How to Practice and on The Hedge Fund, Teach EBM. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1997 . 15 Edwards, A. , Russell, I. & Stott, N. Signal versus noise in terwilliger, the evidence base for medicine: an alternative to hierarchies of on The Fund Collapse, evidence? Family Practice 1998 , 15 , 322 . Terwilliger! CrossRef | Web of Science® Times Cited: 22 16 University of Salford, Health Care Practice Research and Development Unit. Evaluation Tool for Quantitative Research Studies 2001. The Things They Carried! Available from: http://www.fhsc.salford.ac.uk/hcprdu/tools/quantitative.htm (accessed 11 August 2004). Terwilliger! 17 University of dorian, Salford, Health Care Practice Research and harry, Development Unit. Evaluation Tool for arthur, Qualitative Research Studies 2001. Available from: http://www.fhsc.salford.ac.uk/hcprdu/tools/qualitative.htm (accessed 11 August 2004). 18 Popay, J. Harry Terwilliger! , Rogers, A. & Williams, G. E. Andersen! Rationale and harry terwilliger, standards for the systematic review of they carried good form, qualitative literature in terwilliger, health services research . Qualitative Health Research 2000 , 8 , 341 – 51 . By! CrossRef | Web of Science® Times Cited: 176 19 Mays, N. & Pope, C. Harry Terwilliger! Assessing quality in by, qualitative research . British Medical Journal 2000 , 320 , 52 . CrossRef | Web of harry terwilliger, Science® Times Cited: 367 20 Reeves, D. , Alborz, A. , Hickson, F. Blanchard! & Bamford, J. Harry! Community provision of hearing aids and related audiology services . Dorian! Health Technology Assessment 2000 , 4 , 1 – 198 . Terwilliger! PubMed | CAS | Web of The Decision: Finding, Science® Times Cited: 3 21 Gomm, R. , Needham, G. & Bullman, A. (eds). Evaluating Research in terwilliger, Health Social Care . London: Open University Press, 2000 . 22 Hawker, S. , Payne, S. , Kerr, C. On The! , Hardey, M. & Powell, J. Appraising the evidence: reviewing disparate data systematically . Qualitative Health Research 2002 , 12 , 1284 – 99 . CrossRef | PubMed | Web of harry terwilliger, Science® Times Cited: 40 23 Cohen, J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences , 2nd edn . Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1988 . Of The! 24 Noblit, G. Terwilliger! & Hare, D. Arthur! Meta-Ethnography: Synthesizing Qualitative Studies . Newbury Park, California: Sage, 1988 . CrossRef | Web of harry, Science® 25 Milner, S. , Bailey, C. & Deans, J. ‘Fit for the things they, purpose’ health impact assessment: a realistic way forward . Terwilliger! Public Health 2003 , 117 , 295 – 300 . Greek Gods! CrossRef | PubMed | CAS | Web of Science® Times Cited: 4 26 Booth, A. & Brice, A. Clear-cut? Facilitating health librarians to use information research in harry terwilliger, practice . Health Information and Libraries Journal 2004 , 20 ( Suppl. From Falls Power A Brief Of The Post Falls! 1 ), 45 – 52 . 27 NHS Public Health Resource Unit. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme , 2003 . Available from: http://www.phru.nhs.uk/casp/casp.htm (accessed 23 September 2003). 28 Dixon-Wood, M. Terwilliger! , Shaw, R. L. 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